人教版八级下册英语Unit810单元现在完成时讲解和练习题无答案

1、 人教版八年级下英语unit8.9.10单元现在完成时讲解和练习 现在完成时（I） 第八单元语法知识 定义：（1）表示过去发生或已经发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,这个影响和结果对现在还必须存在.常与already(已经), yet(已经,还), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)，never等词连用 already : 常用于肯定句或疑问句（均表示：已经）. yet: 常用于否定句(表示：还、尚),疑问句末尾（表示：已经）. 现在完成时的构成及句型结构：（注：过去分词的变化分规则变化与不规则变化，规则变化与动词原形变过去式一样，不规则变化见教材 1.肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词

2、 +其他+时间. 2.否定句：主语+havent/ hasnt+过去分词+其他+时间. 3.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他+时间？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+have/ has. 否定回答：No, 主语+havent/hasnt. 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他+时间？ 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在还有可能继续持续(2)定义：下去的动作或状态。 (3) 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别： 现在完成时属于现在时态的范围，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in2019等

3、. 一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系。一般过去时可以和表示过去的时间状语连用. 例题：1. _ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we_(do) that already. 2. When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago. 3. _ he _(see) this film yet? Yes, _ 4. When _ he _(see) it? He_ it last week. 5. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting. 6. Mr. Chen _(giv

4、e)up smoking last year. 7-. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? -Yes,_ How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. 现在完成时（II） 第九单元语法知识 1. 构成：含有be动词的现在完成时的谓语部分由 “have/has+ been+ to+地点”构成，表示：曾经去过某地 (been是be的过去分词，不规则变化) 2. 基本句型： (1)肯定句：主语+have/has+ been+ to+地点. (2)否定句： 主语+havent/hasnt+ been+ to+地点. (3)一般疑

5、问句：Have/Has+主语+been + to+ 地点？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ have/has. 否定回答：主语+havent/ hasnt. （4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+ 主语+ been? eg: Where have you been? 3.用法：用来表示之前已经发生和完成度的动作与状态，其结果却和现在有联系.动作和结果发生在过去，但它的影响现在还在.可以和never, ever, once, twice, three/fourtimes 等副词连用. eg: They have been to Chongqing twice. I have never b

6、een to Sichuan. Has she ever been to Hainan? 3. 区别： 表示：曾经去过某地，已经回 地点(1). have/ has been to+来了 (2). have/ has gone to+地点 表示： 去了某地，还没有回来 eg: She has been to Shanghai. （她去过上海，已经回来了） She has gone to Shanghai. （她去了上海，还没有回来） (3). have been in表示“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与时间段状语连用 eg: I have been in Shanghai for three ye

7、ars我到上海已有三年了。 He has been in London for half a month他来伦敦已有半个月了。 (4). have been on 表示“已经开始了多久 表示持续性” eg: The film has been on for ten minutes. 电影已经开始了10分钟了。 例题： 1.Where is your brother?He _ the shop. Hell be back soon. 2. _ you ever _ to America?Yes, I _ New York twice. 3. David _ Australia. Im sure

8、he has already arrived. He library. school the _ he No, here?Benny Is 4. left five minutes ago. 5. Mike and his parents _ the south for half a year. 6. Mum is not at home now. she _ the shop. 7. You cant find him. He_ Xian. 8. Mr. Zhang _ this school for ten years. He knows everyone here. 9. Miss. B

9、rown _ China three times. 10. I _ the West lake, Look, I have taken many photos of it . 11. Tom _ Jims home, but he hasnt come back. 12. We _ the bookshop and bought many books. 13. My parents _ Shandong for ten years. 14. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week. 15. _ he _ (finish) his

10、work today? Not yet. 16. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 17. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office. 18. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 2019. 19. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here. 20. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks. 21. I _

11、just _ (finish) my homework. re 22. He _ (go) to school on foot every day. 23._ you _ (find) your science book yet? 24.My little brother _(collect) shells for two years . 25. _ Ben _(read) the book? -Yes , he has . He _it last year . 26. Julia _(visit) the nature museum twice . 27. Anna, _you _(see)

12、 Chinas Got Talent (中国达人秀)？ -Of course. I _it last weekend . 28. I _(buy) a new MP4 already . I _ it yesterday . 29.How _you _(come) to school this morning? before? story the 30. _he _(hear) of Yes, he _. He_it last month. 现在完成时（III） 第十单元语法知识 动词按其动作发生的方式，发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 1. 延续性动词：表示能够延续的动作，也可

13、以表示经验与经历. eg: learn, work, stand, lie, walk, sleep, keep, wait, watch, sing, read, stay, live 延续性动词可以与for 和 since 引导的时间状语连用： eg: He has lived here for 6 years. （他在这儿住了六年了，一直住在这儿，live是延续性动词，并且很有可能继续居住下去） I have known her since then.（自从那时起我就认识她了，一直都认识，know是延续性动词） 2.非延续性动词：也成终止性动词或瞬间动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生

14、后立即结束.eg: open, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy, die 非延续性动词不能与for 和 since 引导的时间状语连用，常用的时间状语有 two years ago, at 5 oclock, yesterday, the day before yesterday, this morning 等表示过去的时间. eg: His grandmother died 10 years ago. ck. She finished the work at 6 oclo 2. 非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换

15、(常用) （1）. 转化为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时态 eg: borrow keep buy have put on wear get to know know get to sleep sleep catch a cold have a cold （2）.转化为“ be+形容词/副词/介词/名词” begin/start be on go out be out die be dead pen be open get to/ arrive in（at）/reach be in+地点 leave be away(from) finish be over fall ill be ill g

16、et up be up fall asleep be asleep join be in+活动/组织 go to school be in school become be make friends be friends close be closed go to bed be in bed 相应的介词短语be + come/ go 例：下面是句子的同义句转换 将原句一般过去时改成现在完成时 eg: 1. The old man died four years ago. （一般过去时） The old man has been dead for four years. （现在完成时，将die变

17、为 be dead） The old man has been dead since four years ago. (现在完成时，since跟过去的时间点) 2. I borrowed the book five days ago. - I have kept the book for five days. - I have kept the book since five days ago. 3. He bought the bike three years ago. -He has had the bike for three years. -He has had the bike si

18、nce three years ago. 4. She went to school two days ago. - She has been in school for two days. - She has been in school since two days ago. 5. My sister became a nurse one year ago. -My sister has been a nurse for one year. -My sister has been a nurse since one year. （同义句）1. Li Lei joined the Party

19、 three years ago. 例题： Li Lei _the Party _ three years. Li Lei _the Party _ three years ago. 2. My father left Guizhou last week. （同义句） My father _Guizhou _ a week. My father _Guizhou_ last week. 3. The factory opened in 2018. （同义句） The factory_ten years. The factory _ since 2018. 4. Mr. Wang reached Beijing five days ago. Mr. Wang Beijing five days ago. Mr. Wang Beijing five d