(完整)人教版新目标八年级上册英语知识点全册(2),推荐文档

1、最新（2013 秋）人教版八年级上册英语知识点unit 1where did you go on vacation?（谈论假期生活，一般过去时）unit 2how often do you exercise?（谈论生活习惯，一般现在时）unit 3im more outgoing than my sister（谈论事物对比， 形容词比较级） unit 4whats the best movie theater?（谈论事物比较，形容词最高级） unit5do you want to watch a game show?（谈论内心想法，一般现在时） unit6im going to study c

2、omputer science.(谈谈生活的目标，一般将来时) unit7will people have robots?(对将来生活的预言，一般将来时)unit8how do you make a banana milk shake?(描述进程，祈使句)unit9can you come to my party?(学习邀请，作出、接受和拒绝邀请，学习表请求的句子) unit10 if you go to the party, youll have a great time.(作出决定，学习 if 的条件状语从句)复习一般过去时复合不定代词的用法反身代词的用法系动词的用法动词后的 to do

3、和 doing 的区别ed 形容词和 ing 形容词的区别“近义词”的区别本单元中的主谓一致现象动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。感叹句的结构和连词的选择。unit1 where did you go on vacation?单词anyone eniwn pron.任何人anywhere eniwe(r) adv.任何地方 n.任何(一个)地方wonderful wndfl adj.精彩的；极好的few fju adj.很少的；n.少量most mst adj.最多的；大多数的； something sm pron.某事物；nothing(=nota

4、nything) npron.没有什么 n.没有myself maself pron.我自己everyone evriwn pron.每人；人人yourself jself pron.你自己；你亲自hen hen n.母鸡；雌禽bored bd adj.无聊的；厌烦的；郁闷的pig n.猪diary dari n.日记；日记簿(keep a diary) seem sim vi.似乎；好像someone smwn pron.某人；有人quite a few 相当多；不少(后接可数名词) of course vks 当 然activity ktvti n.活动；活跃decide dsad v.决

5、定；选定(decide to do sth.)try tra v.尝试；设法；努力 (try to do sth. /try doing sth.) bird bd n.鸟；禽paragliding prlad n.空中滑翔跳伞bicycle baskl n.自行车building bld n.建筑物trader tred(r) n.商人；商船wonder wnd(r) v.惊奇；想知道；怀疑difference dfrns n.差异；不同top tp n.顶部；顶wait wet v.等；等待(wait for) umbrella mbrel n.伞；雨伞wet wet adj.湿的；雨天的

6、below bl prep.低于；在.下面 adv.在下面as z conj.如同；像.一样enough nf adj.足够的 adv.足够地；充分地duck dk n.鸭肉；鸭hungry(反 full) hri adj.饥饿的；渴望的feel like(doing sth.)想要dislike dslak v.不喜欢；厌恶 n.不喜爱；厌恶；反感重点短语1. go on vacation 去度假2.stay at home 待在家里3.go to the mountains 去爬ft4. go to the beach去海滩5. visit museums参观博物馆6. go to sum

7、mer camp去参加夏令营7. quite a few相当多8.study for为而学习9.go out出去10. most of the time大部分时间11. taste good尝起来很好吃12. have a good time玩得高兴13. of course当然14. feel like给的感觉；感受到15. go shopping去购物16. in the past 在 过 去17. walk around 四处走走18. because of 因 为19. one bowl of 一碗20. the next day 第 二 天21. drink tea 喝 茶22. f

8、ind out 找出； 查明23. go on 继 续24. take photos照相25. something important重要的事26. up and down 上上下下27. come up出来28. buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物29. taste + adj. 尝起来30. look+adj. 看起来31. nothingbut+动词原形除了之外什么都没有32. seem+（to be）+ adj.看起来33. arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点到达某地34. decide to do sth. 决定去做某

9、事35. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 /36. try to do sth.尽力去做某事37. forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/38. forget to do sth.忘记做某事39. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事40. want to do sth. 想去做某事41. start doing sth. 开始做某事42. stop doing sth. 停止做某事43. dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事44. keep doing sth.继续做某事45. why not do. sth.? 为什么不做呢？46. so+adj.+

10、that+从句如此以至于47. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事48 .have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.)玩得痛快三、重点句子：1. where did you go on vacation?你去哪儿度假的？2. long time no see.好久不见。3. did you go anywhere interesting?你去有趣的地方了吗？4. i just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.大多数时间我只呆在家里

11、看书和放松。5. everything was excellent.一切都很棒。6. i bought something for my father.我给我爸爸买了些东西。7. how did you like it？你觉得它怎么样？8. i arrived at penang in malaysia this morning with my family.今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城。9. for lunch, we had something very special.午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。10. but many of the old buildings are still t

12、here.但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里。11. my father and i decided to go to penang hill today.今天我和爸爸决定去槟城ft。12. and because of the bad weather , we couldnt see anything below.并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。语法：复合不定代词或副的构成及用法构成：由 some, any, no, every 分别加上-body, -thing, -one 构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词；加上-where 构成副词。用法：（1）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表

13、语等。nobody will listen to him. he wants something to eat.（2）不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 there is nothing wrong with the tv. everybody likes reading.（3） some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。但 some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。someone is calling me.there isnt anyone else there.is anybody over there?could you g

14、ive me something to eat?（4） 形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。there is something delicious on the table.（5） somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere 用作副词。flowers come out everywhere.注： 形容词修饰不定代词要后置：anything special 不定代词做主语时谓语用单数.巩固练习：用不定代词或不定副词填空：1. i cant hear anything = i can hear.2. there ison the floor. pl

15、ease pick it up.3. didgo to play basketball with you ?4. i phoned you last night, butanswered it.5. maybeput my pencil. i cant find it.单选1. no onehow to do it. a.knowb. knows c. knowing d. knew2. everythingok, isnt it?a. wasb. arec. andd. is3. theresin the newspaper. you should read it.a. important

16、somethingb. something boringc. boring somethingd. something important.1. arrived in penang in malaysia this morning with my family. (翻译) arrive 为不及物动词，意为, arrive in 到达+大地方（国家 省 市） arrive at 到达+小地方（机场 商店等) get to 到达+地方reach 到达+地方the smithsnew york at 8:00 last night.a.arrived atb. got toc.reachd.arri

17、ved2. so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. (翻译) 3. decide 为及物动词，意为决定，决心。决定做某事：.4. my sister and i tried paragliding. （翻译） try to do sth.意为; try doing sth.意为 we shouldnt try(study) english, we should try(study) english.5.i felt like i was a bird.(翻译). feel like 意为后常接.另外 feel like 还意为 do y

18、ou feel like a cup of tea?6.i wonder what life was like here in the past.（翻译） wonder 为及物动词，意为“想知道”，后常接疑问词（who, what, why)引导的从句。i wonderyou are doing.(我想知道你正在做什么。)6. what a difference a day makes!感叹句，结构为 what +名词+主语+谓语！ 补充： 7. we waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 为

19、等候 ,后接人或物。 为太多，后接可数名词复数; +不可数名词（money）; 为太后接形容词或副词（big）8 .my father didnt bring enough money.enough 后可接，其形式分别为；。(1) want to do sth. 想要做某事(2) want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事(3) would like to do sth. 想要做某事(4) (2) decide to do sth. 决定做某事(5) decide on 决定某事课后练习一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. i didnt find( someone ) there.2

20、. is there( something ) important in todays newspaper?3. look! there is( anybody ) at home. the light is on.4. amy( meet ) a famous actor yesterday.5. there( be ) forty-five students in our class last term.6. miss green( come ) to china in 2008.7. little tom( be ) here a moment ago.8. she( buy ) a n

21、ew bag yesterday.二、单项选择()1. -youto the movies？yes, i did.a. didwentb. did goc. are went()2. - how was your weekend?- great! wea picnic in the park. a. haveb. hasc. had()3. mrs green with her little daughterat homethat rainy night.a. was onb. were onc. was at ()4. - who told you to clean the windows?

22、miss wang a. toldb. didc. has told ()5. - do you alwaysto the zoo?yes, iyesterday.a. go gob. go wentc. went go ()6. -there any koalas in the zoo last year?no, there.a. are arentb. were wasnt c. were werent () 7.- did you go with?yes, i did.a. someoneb. anyonec. somebody ()8. - did you buyspecial?no,

23、 i didnt.a. somethingb. some thingsc. anything三、句型转换1. lucy played computer games yesterday. ( 改为一般疑问句 ) lucycomputer games yesterday?2. we went to the palace museum.( 对划线部分提问 )you? 3there was someone here just now.（ 改为否定句 ）. 4she played volleyball just now.（ 改为否定句 ） she 5. volleyball just now. they

24、 ate a lot of ice cream.( 对划线部分提问 )they? 6my vacation was pretty good.( 对划线部分提问 )your vacation?monday, july 15thi arrived in penang in malaysia this morning with my family. it was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. my sister and i tried paragliding. i felt like i was a b

25、ird. it was so exciting! for lunch, we had something very specialmalaysian yellow noodles. they were delicious! in the afternoon, we rode bicycles to georgetown. there are a lot of new buildings now, but many of the old buildings are still there. in weld quay, a really old place in georgetown, we sa

26、w the houses of the chinese traders from 100 years ago. i wonder what life was like here in the past. i really enjoyed walking around the town.tuesday, july 16thwhat a different a day makes! my father and i decided to go to penang hill today. we wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started rain

27、ing a little so we decided to take the train. we waited over and hour for the train because there were too many people. when we got to the top, it was raining really hard. we didnt have an umbrella so we were wet and cold. it was terrible. and because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything belo

28、w. my father didnt bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish. the food tasted great because i was so hungry!不规则动词过去式：am,is-wasare-were,do-did,see-saw,say-saidgive-gaveget-got,go-wentcome-camehave-had,eat-atemake-madetake-tookread-read,run-ran,write-wrotesing-sang,draw-drewput

29、-put,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-sweptbuy-bought,swim-swam,sit-sat,bring-brought,can-could,cut-cutbecome-became,begin-began,draw-drewfeel-feltfind-foundforget-forgothear-heardkeep-keptknow-knew,learn-learnt（learned）leave-left,let-let,lose-lost,meet-met,read-read,sleep-slept,spea

30、k-spoke,take-tookteach-taught ,tell-told,wake-wokeunit2how often do you exercise?单词housework haswk n.家务劳动hardly hdli adv.几乎不；简直不；刚刚ever ev(r) adv.曾经；在任何时候once wns adv.一次；曾经twice twas adv.两倍；两次internet ntnet n.因特网program prrm n.节目；程序；课程；节目单full fl adj.满的；充满的；完全的swing sw n.摇摆；秋千 v.摇摆；旋转maybe mebi adv.

31、或许；也许；可能swing dance 摇摆舞least list adj.最小的；最少的at least 至少hardly ever 很少；几乎从不；难得junk n.垃圾；废旧杂物coffee kfi n.咖啡；咖啡色health hel n.健康；人的身体或精神状态result rzlt .结果；后果percent psent adj.百分之.的online nlan adj.在线的 adv.在线地television telvn n.电视机；电视节目although l conj.虽然；尽管；然而；可是through ru prep.穿过；凭借；一直到body bdi n.身体mind

32、 mand .头脑；想法；意见；心思such st adj.这样的；如此的together te(r) adv.共同；一起die da v.死；枯竭；消失writer rat(r) n.作者；作家dentist dentst n.牙科医生magazine mzin n.杂志however haev(r) adv.然而；无论如何；不管多么than n conj.比almost lmst adv.几乎；差不多none nn pron.没有人；没有任何东西，毫无less les adj.更少的；较少的point pnt n.看法；要点；重点；小数点；目标；分数重点短语such as 例如；诸如jun

33、k food n.垃圾食品；无营养食品more than 超过；多于；不仅仅；非常less than 不到；少于help with housework 帮助做家务on weekends 在 周 末how often 多 久 一次hardly ever 几乎从不once a week 每周一次twice a month 每月两次every day 每天be free 有 空go to the movies 去 看 电影use the internet用互联网swing dance 摇 摆舞play tennis打网球stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚at least 至 少have danc

34、e and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课go to bed early 早点睡觉play sports 进行体育活动be good for 对有好处go camping 去 野营notat all 一点儿也不 in ones free time 在某人的业余时间 the most popular 最受欢迎的such as 比如；诸如old habits die hard 积习难改go to the dentist 去 看 牙医morn than 多于；超过less than少于help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事how about? .怎么样？want sb. t

35、o do sth.想让某人做某事how many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ 有多少?spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光its+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的的。ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事by doing sth.通过做某事whats your favorite? 你最喜爱的是什么？ the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式三重点语法(一) 重点句型1.-what do you usually do on weekends?i often go to the movies.(1) on weekends/on t

36、he weekend 在周末(2) go to the movies 去看电影(3) 第一个 do 助动词第二个 do 实意动词2. hardly ever 几乎从不hardly ever 相当于 hardly, ever 起强调作用。hardly 为副词，意为“几乎不没有）”，相当于 almost not，本身具有否定含义，不能再使用其他否定词。e.g. she hardly eats anything.辨析: hardly 和 hardhard 作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”； hard 作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。hardly 意为“几乎不”(1) the ground is

37、 tooto dig(2) i canunderstand them.(3) its raining,the people cango outside.3. -how often do you watch tv?twice a week.(1) how often 意为“多久一次，多长时间一次”，用来提问频率。(2) twice a week 一周两次拓展: 一次 once两 次 twice三次或三次以上 基数词+ times three times four times4. whats your favorite program? = what program do you like bes

38、t?你最喜欢的节目是什么？5. how come?怎么回事？怎么会？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句。相当于疑问词 why。但how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。how come you didnt tell me about it? = why you didnt tell me about it?6. i go to the movies maybe once a month. 我也许一个月去看一次电影。maybe 副词，意为“或许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。e.g. maybe he knows the way to the park.辨析：

39、maybe 与 may bemaybe 副词，作状语，意为“或许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。may be 属于“情态动词+be 动词”结构，意为“可能是”。(1) the baby is cryingshe is hungry.(2) the womana teacher .7. last month we asked our students about their free time activities. ask ab. about sth. 询问某人某事8. we all know that many students often go online, but we were surp

40、rised that ninety percent of them use the internet every day. the other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. 我们都知道许多学生经常上网，但是让我们感到惊讶的是 90%的学生每天都上网，而另外 10%的学生一周至少上网达三至四次。(1) other: adj. 其他的+名词the other: adj. 其他的+名词(在特定的范围内) onethe other 一个另一个e.g. one of them is blue，the other ones

41、are purple.它们的其中一个是蓝色的，其他的是紫色的。others: 其他的东西the others: 其他的东西(在特定的范围内)e.g. one of the children likes reading，the others like singing.后句可替换为 the other students like singing.(2) at least 至少at most 最多，至多e.g. i have ten yuan in my pocket at most.9. most students use it for fun and not for homework.大多数学生

42、上网是为了娱乐而不是为了写家庭作业。10. the answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting.关于看电视的调查结果也十分的有趣。the answers to our questions 问题的答案dance to the music 和着音乐的节奏跳舞key to the lock 这把锁的钥匙11. although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular.尽管许多学生喜欢看体育节目，但是娱乐节

43、目是最流行的。12. it is good to relax by using the internet of watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通过使用因特网看娱乐节目来放松很不错，但是我们认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼来放松。(1) its +adj.+to do sth 做某事的e.g. its very easy to learn english well.(2) by doing sth. 通过做某事(3) the best way to do sth. is 做某事

44、的最好方式13. it is healthy for the mind and the body. 这有益于身心健康。stay healthy = keep healthy = keep in good health 保持健康14. old habits die hard. 旧习难改。(二)语法知识: 频度副词1. 频度副词的含义(1) 表示次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。常用的频度副词按高低依次为always usually sometimes seldom hadly ever never 100%80%60%30%10%0%(2) 表示具体的频率、次数时，一次用 once，两次用 twic

45、e，三次或三次以上用“基数词+times”表示: three times, four times, six times2. 频度副词在句中的位置(1 )频度副词一般在实意动词之前，be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后e.g. we never eat junk food.lucy is sometimes very busy.i can hardly say a word.(2)有些频度副词也可位于句首，但表示不同含义sometimes 常位于句首，和位于句中区别不大。e.g. sometimes jack plays computer games.often 用于句首时，通常表示强调，且其前一般

46、有 quite，very 修饰e.g.very often he goes online.usually 也可位于句首，其前不用修饰语。e.g. usually my father goes up early.always 一般不用于句首，但可以用在祈使句中。e.g. always remember this.3. 对频度副词提问时，用 how oftene.g. -how often do you go to the movies?-once a monthunit3 im more outgoing than my sister.单词outgoing at adj.外向的better be

47、t(r) adj.更好的；较好的 adv.更好地loudly ladli adv.大声地；高声地；花俏地quietly kwatli adv.安静地；悄悄地；平静地hard-working hdwk adj.勤勉的；努力工作的competition kmptn n.竞争；比赛fantastic fntstk adj.极好的；了不起的which adj.哪一个；哪一些 pron.哪一个；哪些clearly klli adv.清楚地；显然地win wn v.赢；赢得；获胜；获得 n.胜利though conj.虽然；尽管；adv.不过care about 关心talented tlntd adj.

48、有才能的；有天赋的truly truli adv.真实地；真诚地；正确地care ke(r) v.关心；担忧；照顾；在乎serious sris adj.严肃的；严重的；庄重的mirror mr(r) n.镜子；反映necessary nessri adj.必要的；必然的both b adj.两者都 pron.两者should d aux.应该；可能；应当；将要touch tt vt.触摸；感动reach rit v.到达；伸出；达成；取得联系；延伸；(伸手)去够heart ht n.心脏；内心fact fkt n.事实；真相；实际break brek v.打碎；折断；违背；解决；中断laug

49、h lf v.发笑；笑；嘲笑 n.笑声；笑；笑料similar sml(r) adj.类似的share e(r) vt.分享，共享；分配；共有loud lad adj.大声的；adv.大声地；响亮地primary pramri adj.最初的，最早的be different from 和.不同information nfmen n.信息；情报；资料；通知as long as 只要bring out 拿出；推出the same as 与.同样的in fact 事实上；实际上；确切地说be similar to 类似于；与.相似重点短语1. . more outgoing更外向2. asas与一样

50、3. the singing competition唱歌比赛4. be similar to与相像的/类似的5. the same as和相同；与一致6. be different from与不同7. care about关心；介意8. be like a mirror像一面镜子9. the most important最重要的10. as long as只要；既然11. bring out使显现；使表现出12. get better grades取得更好的成绩13. reach for伸手取14. in fact事实上；实际上15. make friends交朋友16. the other其

51、他的17. touch ones heart感动某人18. be talented in music有音乐天赋19. be good at擅长20. be good with善于与相处21. have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣22. be good at doing sth擅长做某事23. make sb. do sth.让某人做某事24. want to do sth.想要做某事25. as+adj./adv.的原级+as与一样26. its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth.对某人来说，做某事的。三重点语法(一) 重点句型1. both sam and t

52、om can play the drums, but sam plays them better than tom.萨姆和汤姆都会打鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆打得要好一些。both (1) 表示“两者都”， both 用在含有 be 动词的句中，应放在 be 动词的后面；用在含有行为动词的句中，应放在行为动词的前面，(2) bothand表示“两者都”，both.and 在句中连接并列成分，如主语、谓语、表语、宾语等，位置比较灵活。e.g. both new york and london have traffic problems. (连接主语) the secretary both speaks

53、and writes spanish.(连接谓语)【考例】my parentsdoctors.a. both are b. all are c. are all d. are both拓展：all 表示“三者或三者以上全都”的意思，every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个)， each 指两个以上的人或物(含两个)。练习：用 all,both,every,each 填空1) my brothers and i arel at school.2) student may have one book.3) tom and jim are my good friends.4) three students are flying kites,they arein class 1.2. tara works as hard as tina. 塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力。as.as 意为“与一样”，as.as 中间接形容词或副词的原级。其否定结构 not as/so.as 意为“不如”。e.g. he is as tall as his father.他和他爸爸一样高。tom gets up a