2019定语从句(讲义及答案)精品教育.doc

1、定语从句（讲义）定语从句概念回顾在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫定语从 句。I love stories that are very interesting.I like sin gers who write their own music.先行词：定语从句所修饰的词关系词：1.连接主从句 2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中作成分关系词分为两种：关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose关系副词： when, where, why关系代词先行 词作用例句that人/物主、宾、表I know the girl that is un der the tre

2、e.which物主、宾、表I found the pen which he lost.who人主、宾、表I know the girl who is under the tree.whom人/物宾He is the writer whom we like.whose人/物疋The room whose door is ope n is mi ne、定语从句中只用that的情况当先行词是物时，一般情况下用 which或that都可以，但以下情况 只能用that来引导。1 当先行词为 all, none, much, little, the one, anything, nothin等 不定代词时

3、，只用thatoAll that you like is very good.Everything that we have seen in China is moving.2当先行词前面有all, any, no等修饰时，只用thatoI want to read all the books that are about history. Do you have any ideas that can help us?3当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或 the only, the very, the last, just等修饰时，只用thatoThe first thing that we s

4、hould do is to get some food.This is the best movie that I have ever see n.This is the only book that I want to read.4. 先行词中既有人又有物时，只用that。The writer and his no vel that you have talked about are really famous.5当主句是以特殊疑问词开头的特殊疑问句时，只用that。Which is the course that we are to take?Who is the boy that is

5、 play ing baseball?6当主句以There be结构开头，且先行词作其主语时，只用that。There is a seat in the corner that is still free.There are two books on history that are for you.单选：()1.1 hope that the littleI have been able to do can helpthem.A. which B. whatC. thatD. whom()2.They talked about the people and placesthey hadvis

6、ited.A. which B. thatC. whoD. whom()3. The third roomwi ndows are big is ours.A. thatB.whichC.whoseD. who()4. This is the most beautiful cityI ve evseen.A. whichB.thatC.whoD. whom()5. I live in ShanghaiI like now.A. whichB.whatC.whoD. whom()6. Who is the manis waiting at the school gate?A. whichB.wh

7、atC.thatD. whom()7. There is a present on the tableis for you.A. which B. thatC. whoD. whom二、定语从句中的关系副词关系词分为两种：关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose （主/宾/表/定） 关系副词：when, where, why （状）1. when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。I still remember the year. In the year you visited Henan. 合成定语从句：I still remember the year when

8、 you visited Henan.I will n ever forget the day. On the day I joi ned the Party.合成定语从句：I will n ever forget the day whe n I joi ned the Party.2. where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。That is the school. I n the school I studied ten years ago.合成定语从句：That is the school where I studied ten years ago.Zhen gzhou is the

9、city .In the city I got my first job.合成定语从句：Zhen gzhou is the city where I got my first job.3. why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词是表示原 因的reason 一词。We don t know the reas on. For the reas on he was late.合成定语从句：We don t know the reas on why he was late.Can you tell me the reason? For the reson you left Xi an. 合成

10、定语从句：Can you tell me the reason why you left Xi an?用适当的词填空：1. This is the townhe was born.2. The reasonhe refused the invitation is not clear.3. Tell me the timeLily will come.4. This is the houseI lived yesterday.5. I forgot the dayhe went to Beijing.This is the moun ta in villageI visited last yea

11、r.?易混点：当先行词是表示时间或地点的词时，要特别注意其在从句中 的成分。若在从句中充当状语成分，用关系副词；若是其他成分 则用关系代词。This is the moun ta in villageI visited last year.This is the mou ntain villageI stayed last year.I will n ever forget the daysI spe nt in the village.I will n ever forget the daysI lived with my aunt.练习：1. She didn t tell rtte re

12、asonshe left Beijing.2. There comes a timeyou have to make a choice.3. Don t forgethe timeI ve told you.4. That the hospitalhe worked last year.5. He works in a factorymakes TV sets.关系副词还可以用介词+which来代替： I will n ever forget the day whe n I joi ned the Party.I will n ever forget the day on which I jo

13、i ned the Party.I will n ever forget the day. On the day I joi ned the Party. That is the school where I studied ten years ago.That is the school in which I studied ten years ago. We don t know the reason why he was late.We don t know the reas on for which he was late.三、定语从句的翻译英译汉：“的”I know the girl

14、 who is un der the tree.主句：我认识那个女孩。从句：那个女孩站在树下。合并：我认识站在树下的那个女孩。I remember the day whe n you got the prize.主句：我记得那一天。从句：那一天你得奖了。合并：我记得你得奖的那一天。汉译英：我找到了他丢的那支钢笔。主句：I found the pen.从句： He lost the pen.合并：I found the pen which he lost.这就是我爸爸工作的那家工厂。主句：This is the factory.从句： My father works in the factory

15、.合并：This is the factory where my father works.用定语从句的相关知识进行翻译：1. The room whose door is open is mine.2. He is the only person that can help you.3. This park is a good place where I spend the weekend.4. 这是一本许多人都喜欢的书。5. 他知道Lily学习努力的原因。6. Tom将要去上海，他的哥哥现在住在那里。四、课堂检测(一) 单选()1. The first thi ngmy brother i

16、s going to do thisafter noon is to write a letter.A. whichB. thatC. whyD. who()2. This is the schoolwe visited last year.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. whose()3. There nsdifficultywe can overcome.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom()4. This is the garden_ I met Joh n yesterday.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. which()5. It

17、 bad for health to hurry to move into a house hasnew furniture in it.A. whoB. whereC. thatD. whom()6. I still remember the college and the teachersI visitedin London years ago.A. whatB.whoC.thatD. which()7. I II never forget dlaywe met each other last week.A. whichB.thatC.whenD. who()8. I still reme

18、mber the daysI spe nt lear ning math.A. whichB.whomC.whenD. who()9. This is the reason _ he gave up smok ing.A. whomB.whichC.whoD. why( )10. The housethe writer used to live is now a museum.A. which B. thatC. in which D. there(二) 用 that, when, where 填空11. I still remember the nightI first came to th

19、e house.12. I will never forget the daysI spent with your family.13. This is the schoolI used to study.14. Have you ever been to Hainais beautiful?15. I live in Beijingmany foreigners visit every year.16. We all remember the dayhe came toXi an.(三) 翻译17. The movie that we saw last night was boring.18. 你正在寻找的书在桌子上。19. 你曾经去过杭州吗？它因西湖(the West Lake而出名。20. 这就是他成功的原因。第 7 页【参考答案】一、定语从句中只用 that 的情况单 选： 15：C