构词法练习测试及其参考答案(最新整理)

1、精心整理高考能力测试构词法 wordformation一合成 compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。方式：1.直接写在一起。2.用连字符(-)连接。3.由两个分开的词构成。(1) 合成 adj方式例词1adjadjred-hot2adjnfirst-class,full-time,part-time3adj现在分词good-looking,free-thinking,4adj过去分词ready-made5adjn-edgood-tempered,middle-aged,cold-blooded6nn-ediron-willed7nadjworld-famous,day-long8n

2、现在分词beauty-loving,freedom-loving,job-hunting,9n过去分词man-made,water-covered,10advadjever-green11adv现在分词hard-working,far-seeing12adv过去分词well-prepared,quickly-cured,well-known13numnfive-year14numn+adjfive-year-old15num过去分词four-legged,six-storied构成方式例词1nvday-dream2advvovercome,upturn翻起3adjvwhite-wash(2)

3、合成动词(3) 合成 n构成方式例词1nnhorseback,bank-note,newspaper,cellphone,2adjnback-yard,forehead,3 动名词nhidingplace,reading-room4vadvget-off,breakin,5advvoutput,overflow(4) 合成 advhowever,maybe,wherever,whenever,forever(5) 合成代词 whoever,whatever,everyone,nobody,myself,something,anything,（6）合成介词 inside 在里后缀例词形容词-al

4、central,industrial,national,natural-aneuropean,american,australian-erneastern,northern,southern-ablereasonable,horrible,terrible,believable,comfortable,forgettable,sensi ble-fulcareful,cheerful,grateful,faithful,-ishchildish,swedish,selfish-ivedestructive,collective,active,creative,effective-ythirst

5、y,dirty,windy,sunny,cloudy,healthy,funny-lesscareless,hopeless,helpless,homeless,sleepless,fearless,limitless-engolden,wooden,woolen-ouscourageous,famous,continuous,serious,various-aryimaginary,revolutionary,secondary二、派生 derivation前缀含义例词-ic-realistic,historic,poetic troublesome,burdensome,lonesoma-

6、en- dis-un-in-im-ir-il-处在 使可能不，否定不，做相反动作不，非arise,aside,aloneenrich,enable,enslave dissatisfy,dishonest,disappe ar,disorder,disagree unable,unknown,uncommo n,uncomfortable,unfair, unclose,undress,uncover,un tie inactive,incapable,inpatient, incorrect impossible,impersonal,impo lite,immature,impractic

7、al irregular,irresponsible illogical,som e-like-ant-ent-ly-ishe,handsomechildlike,womanlike,manlikeignorant,significant,observant,im portant diligent,silent,excellent,frequent lively,friendly,lovely,weekly,broth erly,motherlychildish,foolishnon-不，非non-existent,non- interference,non- conductor,non-st

8、opde-向相反方向发decentralize（分散）,defrost（解冻）展anti-反（对）anti-freeze,anti-fascistmis-错误的，坏的misdoings,misunderstand,misfortunere重复，再rewrite,remarry,reunite,recycle,co-共同co-exist,co-operate,co-educationex以前的ex-husband,ex-presidenttele远程telephone,telegraph,telescopesuper-在上面，超级supermarket,superpower,under-在之下u

9、nderline,underestimate,underground,inter-相互，之间international,interact,inter-changesub-下，次subtitle,submarine,subconscious,subcontinent,trans-过，穿过，变transformation(变形),translatevice-副vice-premier,vice-presidentsemi半semifinal,semicircle,semi-次的triangle 三角形,tricycle 三轮副脚踏车,triplets 三胞胎kilometre,kilogramsi

10、mplify,beautify,terrify,-fy千kilo-wenly,w,qidueicnk,slyh,ocratreenf,uqlulyi,clkoeund,ldye,happily,frinendlysloy词-l词multiply,multi-national,multi-coloured多，多种mul-arp epewiden,strengthen,lengthen,sh(s)-en三个tricrirrwearlidz,en,morothdweranridze,b,macekcwh ardiz,e,downwtiacrizde,fo- -ize rdwa动bicycle,bie

11、nnial 两年一两个bi例词例词缀后缀后automatic-三、转化 conversion:指一个词不变化词形，而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。1. 名词和动词之间的转化 telephone 电话打电话,mirror 镜子像镜子一样反映,drink 喝饮料,record 录音记录,name,date,hand,study,2. 形容词转化为动词 perfect 完美的使完善 3.名词转化为形容词(副词)front 前面前面的4.形容词转化为名词 chief 主要的首领训练要旨：构词法是英语学习的一个重点，也是近年来常考的项目。特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中，对词汇掌握的要求越来越高。检

12、测构词法，在阅读理解中，已不把这种词汇看作生词，而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习，应该具备的一 种能力。如有的生词，只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前缀或后缀，再者或是合成词等，命题人就认为不必再注出汉语注释。1.thatmanwasenoughnottotellthemanagerthathewouldnotdothejob.a.careb.carefulc.carelessdcarelessness 2.thesoldierdiedforsavingthechild，sohisisheavierthanmounttai.a.dieb.deadc.diedd.d

13、eath3. thechildlookedathisbrotherwhowasbadlywounded.a.sadlyb.sadnessc.sadl yd.sad4. heisanexpertatchemistry.weallcallhima.a.chemistryb.chemicalc.chemis d.physician5.thethree- chairisntsuitableforayoungchild.hemayfalloff.a.leggingb.leggedc.legsd.le ged6. stephensonbecametherailwayengineerintheworld.a

14、.leadb.leaderc.leading d.leadership7. whentheteacherpraisedhimforworkingoutthemathsproblem，jacklookedaboutathisclassmates.a.proudb.proudlyc.prided.pridely 8.toeveryones,thegirlfinishedthejobquitewell.a.satisfiedb.satisfactoryc.satisfyingd.satisf action9.whatareyoudoinghere?oh，myteacheraskedmetowrite

15、apassageaboutinenglish.youcanwritepassageinenglish?a.600words；a600-words b.600-word； a600-wordsc.600words；a600-word d.600words；a600-words 10.nooneshouldenterthespotwithouttheofthepolice.a.permitb.permissionc.permittingd.permittence 11youmustcomewithustothepolice.ourheadiswaitingforyou.a.headquarters

16、b.headlinec.headmasterd.headache12.lettingthatanimalescapewasnoaccident；youdidit.a.intendb.intentionc.intentionallyd.intentional 13.theshopownerwelcomedalltheguestswithasmile.a.practiceb.practisec.pr acticald.practiced14.theorderedhimtopaya$100fine.a.judgerb.judgmentc.judged.judgement 15.mytvisoutof

17、order.canyoutellmewhatisthenewsaboutiraqwar?a.lately b.latestc.laterd.latter16.thegreatwallismorethan6000liin.a.longerb.lengthc.longd.longing 17.tomy，ipassedtheexameasily.a.joyb.joyfulc.joylessd.joyness 18.canadaismainlyancountry.a.english-speakingb.speak-englishc.spoken- englishd.english-spoken19.h

18、owheis!heisalwaysacting.heisreallya.a.foolish；foolishly；foolb.fool；foolish；foolc.foolish；fool；foold.foolishly；foolish；fool 20.thenecklacethatshelostisveryexpensive.itsofgreat.a.valuableb.valuec.v aluelessd.unvaluable21.therewerefishintheriverinsouth america.a.indangerb.dangerc.dangerousd.dangerless

19、22.theletter“b”intheword“doubt”is.a.soundb.silentc.silenced.sounded 23.thechildlookedatme.a.strangerb.strangelyc.stranged.strangeless 24.theblackpeoplewereagainstslaveryandfoughtfortheirbravely.a.freeb.fre elyc.freedomd.frees25. whatyousaidsoundedbutinfactitwasuntrue.a.reasonableb.reasonfulc.re ason

20、lessd.unreason26. wehavetolearntechnologyfromothercountries.a.advanceb.advancingc.a dvantaged.advanced27. thechildrenliveinavillage.theycomeherealmosteveryday.a.nearbyb.near c.nearlyd.nearby28. mrblackisaninthearmy，notaninthegovernment.youcannoteasilyfindhiminhis.a.official；officer；officeb.officer；o

21、ffice；officialc.official；official；officiald.officer；official；office 29.youdbettergiveupsmokingifyouwanttokeep.a.healthb.healthyc.healthilyd.healthier30.speaking，ididn tdoitonpurpose.a.honestlyb.honestc.honestyd.dishonest 31.itsoundslikeagoodplan，buttherearesomedifficultiesincarryingitout.a.practiced

22、b.practicalc.practiced.practicing32. hisfatherpossessesafactory，whichdoesmostofthepollutiontothisriver.a. paper-makeb.paper-makingc.papers-maded.paper-made 33.marxlefthishomelandforsomereasons.a.politicallyb. politicsc.politicald.politician34. itstopersuadehimtogiveupsmoking.hesverystubborn.a.possib

23、leb.possi blyc.impossibled.impossibility35. dancaughttwobirdsinthewoodlastweekandtheyarestillinthecage.a.alive；liveb.live；livec.live；alived.alive；alive36. thedoctorsaidthattheoldmansconditionwasandthattheyhadtriedtheirbest.a.ho peb.hopedc.hopefuld.hopeless37. annfeltsothatshecouldhardlyopenhereyes.a

24、.sleepyb.asleepc.sleepd.sleep ing38. westoodthereatthesight.a.frightened；frightfulb.frighteningfrightfulc.fright；frighteningd.frightful；fright 39.thedoctorsadvicehimfromdrinkingandsmoking.a.encouragedb.couragedc.encouragementd.discouraged40idliketobuyahouse,modern,comfortableandaboveallinaquiet_.a.n

25、eighbourb.neigh bourhoodc.neighboursdneighbours.改错练习(每小题有一个构词法错误，请找出并更正)1. themiludeerarelivinginthewildinanaturalpark.2.thisblouseisfitforhimatall.itstool ongandthecolorhasrun.3. thepossiblythatthemajorityofthelaborforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed.4. wemuststrengthgovernmentofthepeople，bythepeop

26、leandforthepeople.5. thespermwhalecandivetoadeepofmorethan1000metersinthesea.6. heisaveryfamousactress.hehasplayedmanyimportantpartsindifferentfilms.7. personal，idratherstayathomewatchingtv.8.becauseofherill，shecan tgooutforthesight-seeing.9.thankyouforyourdescribeoftheconditionshere.10.itsreallydus

27、tinthisroom.itsalong timesincesomeonelastlivedinit.11.wealldontknowhowdarkhappens.12.heopenedtheenvelope，foldedtheletterandbegantoreadit.13.sheoffereduslotsofvalueinformation， whichplayedanimportantpartincatchingthethief.14.wewishyouapleasurejourneybackhome.15.thecaptainmadeanapologizetothepassenger

28、sforthedelaycausedbybadweather.16.iwishthatyoucouldinterviewthesejournalswhocome.17.coralisnotaplantbutavariou sofanimallife.18.inmyopinion，harryisthemostsuitfulpersonforthejob.19.thefoodwasgoodbuttheservewaspoor.20.thismeetingisofgreatimportanttoallofus.21.therecomesalargecollectionofsoldiersi nthe

29、distant.22. whenhegottothedestination，hewasquiteoutofbreathe.23.traditionallyspeaking，russiaisaeuropecountry.24.“actual”means“infact”，andwecanalsouse“asamatteroffact”.25.itispossibletopersuadeadamtogiveupthatdecide.26. thedoctorsaidthatthepatiencewascomfortableaftertheoperation.27. somepeoplesaythat

30、thisnewdiscovermightchangethewholesocietycompletely.28. thechinesegovernmenttreasurethefriendlybetweenthepeopleoftwocountriesandwe arewaitingforapeacefulsettlementofthismatter.29.shewasafraidofhighanddarednotjumpoutoftheplane.30.hermotherdiedofhungryaftertheflood.31.ibetyouaremistakethistime.32.them

31、ansaidthathewasmerelyapass-byandthathedidntwatchtheaccident.33. doyoufollowme?yes，perfect.34.personalpossessofgunscauseslotsoftroublesintheusa.35.thegreatestwealthyisbein gcontentwithalittle.36. ibelieveourdreamthathumanswilltraveltoandfromthemoonwillcometruthoneday.37. failisthemotherofsuccess.38.e

32、veryyearmillionsofvisiterscometovisitthedams.39. thechinesepeoplearebuildingsocialistandhaveachievedgreatprogress. 40.peopleallwentuptooffertheircongratulateontheirwinningthekeymatch.前后缀“冰山一角”练习一形容词后缀 1-ous 结尾advantageambitionanxietycontinuecourage dangerdisasterfamegloryhumorm ountainmysterynervenu

33、mberpoisonpr osperreligionsuspicionvaryvigor 2. 以-al 结尾chemistryclasseconomyeditoreducation exceptionfinancefunctionlogicmemory nationoriginparentpersonphysicspol iticsregionsubstancetechniquetechnology 3. 以-able 结尾abilityacceptaccessadaptavailavoid capabilitychangecomfortcompareconver tdesiredurati

34、onfavorflexibilityhonor_ movenoticepermitreasonsense vision 4.以-ful 结尾beautycarecheerdoubtfaithfruit glasshandharmhelpmouthpeace powerskillspoonsuccessthought wonder 二名词后缀 1.以-ment 结尾achieveadvanceadvertiseagreedisagree argueassignattachappointdevelopemb arrassencourageengageenjoyequipesta blishgove

35、rninstallmanagemovepave paypunishshipstate 2.以-al 结尾approvedisapprovearriveproposerefuse removesurvivetrywithdraw 3.以-ance/-ence/-ency/cy 结尾abundantaccurateagentallowapplyattendbankruptcompetentcompliantconfident consistconvenientinconvenientcorrespondent _currentdependentindependentinnocentdiplom a

36、tdistantefficientelegantevidentexist fluentfrequentinferinfantinfluential intelligentinterfereoffendpatientperform preferreferresidentsignificantsilent tendurgentvacantviolent 4.以-ion 结尾actaddadmitattractassociatecollect combinecompletecommitcommunicateco mposeconcludeconsiderconsumecreate decidedec

37、laredefinedescribedestroyde terminedevotedirectdistinctdiscussdo minateeducateelectevolveexceptexhau stexhibitexploitfoundidentifyillustrate imitateimpressincludeintendintroduce investigateinviteliberatelocateoblige occupyoperateorganizeparticipatepermit predictproduceprovidepollutepossess_ recogniz

38、erecommendregulaterelatesatis fyselectsolvesubmitsuggestutilize verify 三动词前后缀、1.以-en 开头或结尾largeablecouragerichhardweak broadsoftmoistlengthstrengththreat- sharpsure 2. 以-ify 结尾magnifiedsimplepureintensebeauty clearelectricalnoteunitedignity 3. 以-ize/ise/yze/yse 结尾realindustrialmechaniccentralpopular

39、 evaporationstandardneutral 高考能力测试答案构词法.单项填空15bdacb?610cbdcb1115acdcb?1620baaab2125cbbca?2630dadba3135bbccc?3640daadb【解析】6.leading 主要的，领头的。9.这类合成词用作前置定语时必须用连字符连接，而且不能有复数。10.permit 的名词是 permission。11. headquarters 总部。12. intentionally 是 intend 的副词形式，“故意地”。13.practiced 在这里作“熟练的”解。14.judge 在这里作“法官”解。20

40、.beofgreatvalue“很有价值”。22.silent“不出声的”“沉默的”。24.freedom“自由”，名词。30.honestlyspeaking，“老实说”。36.hopeless，“没有希望的,绝望的,不可救药”。38.frightened 意为“感到害怕的”，frightful“可怕的”，frightening“令人害怕的”。40.neighbour 表“邻居”，neighbourhood 表“周围环境”。.改错练习1.naturalnature 2.fitunfit 3.possiblypossibility 4.strengthstrengthen 5.deepdepth 6.actressactor?7.perso