大学英语-翻译课件-英译汉6_omission

1、Lecture 6: Omission,I. What is Omission,Omission: Amplification to leave out some unnecessary words (though necessary in the source language) One of the differences in syntax between English and Chinese is the disparity in wording. What is regarded as a natural or indispensable element in one langua

2、ge may be regarded as superfluous or even “a stumbling block” in the other. Wordy and unnatural,What,Why,For the sake of succinctness, functional words in English such as the article, the preposition are usually omitted in translation. By omission, we make our translation more expressive and explici

3、t,He took off his coat and shoes. Then he put on his slippers，went to the sofa and began to watch TV. After a moment, he asked his wife to bring him a cup of tea. 他脱了大衣和鞋子，然后穿上拖鞋，走到沙发前，开始看电视。过了一会儿，他叫妻子给他端杯茶来,A difference arose between the neighbors over the height of the fence. 邻居之间为了篱笆的高度惹起了一场争论。 B

4、etter: 邻居为篱笆的高低有过争论。 （思果，译道探微，2002,Specific techniques,I. Omission of pronoun,1. E: Pronoun as subject: you, we, one(s), it, Pronoun as object: us, you, one(s), it Pronoun as attributive: ones, C: No-subject He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable. 他消瘦而憔悴，看上去一副可怜相,He was well-favoured, brigh

5、t, a good dancer, a fair shot and a fine tennis player. He was an asset at any party. He was lavish with flowers and expensive boxes of chocolate, and though he entertained little, when he did it was with an originality that pleased. 他很聪明，舞跳得不错，枪打得也可以，网球也打得挺好，深得（女孩子）喜爱。他是宴会中的宝贝儿，任意购买鲜花和高价巧克力送人。尽管他不大

6、请客，请起来也别有一番创意，让人开心不已,Static,Dynamic,As you come into the room, youll notice a piano. 一进房间门，就会看见一台钢琴。 One can never be too careful in ones work. 工作越仔细越好。 The significance of a man is not in what he attains but rather in what he longs to attain. 人生的意义不在于已获取的，而在于渴望获得什么样的东西,Knowledge is a comfortable an

7、d necessary retreat and shelter for us in an advanced age; and if we do not plant it while young, it will give us no shade when we grow old. 知识是人到老年舒适而又必须的归宿。如果年轻时不种下知识之树，老年时就得不到树荫的遮蔽,Even as the doctor was recommending rest, he knew that this in itself was not enough, that one could never get real

8、rest without a peaceful mind. 尽管医生建议休息，他也知道休息本身是不够的，如果心情不平静，是休息不好的,Sometimes pronoun as object Please take off the old picture and throw it away. 请把那张旧画摘下来扔掉。 Gathering facts, confirming them, suggesting theories, testing them, and organizing findings this is all work of science. 收集事实并加以论证，提出理论并加以检验

9、，以及归纳整理研究成果这全都是科学工作的内容,So the train came, he pinched his little sister lovingly, and put his great arms about his mothers neck and then was away. 火车来了，他爱抚地捏了一下小妹妹，用两条巨大的胳膊搂了一下母亲的脖子，然后走了。 Her dark hair waved untidy across her broad forehead, her face was short, her upper lip short , showing a glint o

10、f teeth, her brows were straight and dark, her lashes long and dark, her nose straight. 她的黑发蓬松地飘拂在宽宽的前额，脸是短短的，上唇也是短短的，露出亮亮的牙齿；眉毛又直又黑，睫毛又长又黑，鼻子笔直,It is not entirely right to say that if there is food, let everyone share it. 说有饭大家吃并不完全正确。 Be a place what it may, one gets to like it, if one lives long

11、in it. 无论怎样的地方，要是住得久了，总会渐渐喜欢起那地方的,It” for stress It is only shallow people who judge by appearances. 只有浅薄的人才会以貌取人。 It was only then I began to have doubts whether my story would ever be told. 只是那时我才开始怀疑我的经历究竟能不能公之于众,II. Omission of conjunction,If winter comes, can spring be far behind? (Shelly, Ode

12、to the West Wind) 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ It was a keen disappointment when I had to postpone the visit which I had intended to pay to China in May. I was delighted when, as a result of the effort of your company, it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly. 原打算五月份访华，后不得不推迟，深感失望。由于贵公司的努力，访问这么快得以重新安排，非

13、常高兴,He was lazy, peevish, and a bon-vivant; the appearance of a lady frightened him beyond measure; hence it was but seldom that he joined the paternal circle in Russell Square, where there was plenty of gaiety, and where the jokes of his good-natured old father frightened his amour-propre(self-este

14、em). 他生性懒惰，脾气暴躁，讲究吃喝，一看见女人就吓得半死。勒塞尔广场的家人多热闹；他的父亲性情随和，很爱开玩笑，说的话常常扫他的面子，害得他不敢多回老家,However, such change is not easy and can be accomplished only when leaders of both sides have no illusions, talk with candour, and meet differences head-on. 然而，要实现这种改变并非易事，只有双方领导抛弃幻想，开诚布公，正视差异才能实现,III. Omission of the Ar

15、ticles,The article is the hallmark of English. However, we do not have the articles in Chinese. The moon was slowly rising above the sea. 月亮从海边慢慢升起。 The horse is a useful animal,Things of a kind come together; people of a mind fall into the same group. 物以类聚，人以群分。 Winter is the best time to study the

16、 growth of trees. Although the leaves are gone and the branches are bare, the trees themselves are beautiful. 冬天是研究树木生长的最好季节，虽然树叶落了，树枝光了，但树本身却是美丽的,Note: Sometimes articles cannot be omitted： Jack often drives at 90 miles an hour. We enclose a cheque for US $ 10,000. Indefinite article indicating “on

17、e” or “a certain,IV. Omission of preposition,Now complaints are heard in all parts of that country. 该国各地怨声载道。 Rumours had already spread along the streets and lanes. 各种流言传遍了大街小巷。 Note: prep following verb cannot be omitted. He stood by the desk. She hid behind the door,V. Omission of verbs,When the

18、pressure gets low, the boiling point becomes low. 气压低，沸点就低。 With regard to their products, they have the same concerns of the interrelationship of design, materials and manufacturing process. 关于产品，他们同样要考虑设计、材料和制造过程三者之间的相互关系,VI. Omission of redundant words,Part-time job hunters who have worked at a j

19、ob will receive preference over those who have not. 寻找业余工作者，有工作经验者优先聘用。 There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, the grass was dead. 没有下雪，但已叶落草枯,Exercise,1 A wise man will not marry a woman, who has attainment but no virtue. 2 A square has four sides. 3 The service in this restaurant

20、is none too fast. 4 Solids expand and contract as liquids and gases do. 5 Smoking is prohibited in public places,Reference to Exercise,A wise man will not marry a woman, who has attainment but no virtue. 聪明的人不会娶有财无德的女子为妻。 A square has four sides. 正方形有四边。 The service in this restaurant is none too fast. 这家餐馆上菜总是慢腾腾的。 Solids expand and contract as liquids and gases do. 如同液体和气体一