2021年职称英语等级考试试题参考

1、职称英语等级考试试题参考 第l部分：词汇选项 (第115题，每题1分，共15分) 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1 The dentist has decided to extract her bad toothA take out B break offC push in D dig up2 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in SeptemberA play B showC send D _

2、3 This table is strong and durableA long-lasting B extensiveC far-reaching D eternal4 He endured great pain before he finally expiredA fired B resignedC _d D retreated5 The girl is gazing at herself in the mirrorA _iling B laughingC shouting D staring6 The index is the gover _ents chiefgauge of futu

3、re economic activityA measure B opinionC method D decision7 Its sensible to start any exercise program gradually at firstA workable B reasonableC possible D available8 A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated waterA boiled B pollutedC mixed D sweetened9 You have to be patient if yo

4、u want to sustain your positionA _intain B betterC acquire D support10 She stood there，trembling with fearA jumping B cryingC moving D shaking11 Medical facilities are being upgradedA expanded B repairedC improved D transferred12 Rock climbing is hazardousA interesting B dangerousC attractive D usef

5、ul13 John is eligible for this jobA aepted B remendedC rejected D remended14 In order to improve our standard of living，we have to aelerate productionA involve B decreaseC speed up D give up15 Mary looked pale and wearyA worried B uglyC silly D exhausted第2部分：阅读判断 (第1622题，每题1分，共7分) 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句

6、子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。 如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。 Mother Nature Shows Her StrengthTornadoes( _)and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and intoTrumbull County on Saturday eveningThe storms were dra _tic and dangerousGeorge Snyder was driving

7、 the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noti _d that a funnel(漏斗状的)cloud was behind him“I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloudIt wasabout 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a whileIt was moving towardBradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared”Snyder saidSnyder o

8、nly saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern 0hio onSaturdayIn Trumbull County，a tornado turned trees onto their sidesSome trees fell ontohouses and carsOther trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went downA _nda Sym check was having a _ when the storm began“I k

9、new something waswrong, ”he said“I saw the sky go green and Then it sounded like a trainrushing toward the houseI started crying and told everyone to go to the basement forprotection” The tornado caused a 10t of da _ge to cars and houses in the areaIt will take a long timeand much money to repair ev

10、erythingThere was also serious water da _ge from thethunderstormsThe heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in _ny homesThe storms caused serious flooding in areas near the riverMore than four inches of rain fellin parts of Trumbull CountyThe river was so high that the water ran into s

11、treets and housesMany streets had to be closed to Cars and trucks because of the high waterThis _de it difficultfor fire trucks，poli _ Cars，and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in troubleMany people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safetySomepeople reported

12、 five feet of water in their homesLocal and state officials opened emergencyshelters for the people who were evacuated(撤走)The Red Cross served meals to them“This was a really intense storm，”said Snyder“People were afraidMother Nature can befier _We were lucky this timeNo one was killed” 16 The weath

13、er was ni _ in Trumbull County on Saturday eveningA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17 George Snyder was a firefighterA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18 A _nda Sym check was having a _ in the basement when the storm began. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19 Power supply system was not da _ged during the

14、stormA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20 There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred yearsA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21 Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to peopleA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22 Several people were missing during the stormA Right B Wrong C Not m

15、entioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第2330题，每题1分，共8分) 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的.6个选项中为第1-4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27,-30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 Earth Angels1 Joying Brescia was 8 years old when she noti _d that cigarette butts(烟头)were litteringher hometown beach in Isle of Palms，South

16、CarolinaWhen she learned that it takes five yearsfor the re _ins of a cigarette to disintegrate，she decided to take actionJoying launched a“NoButts on the Beach” campaignShe raised money and awareness about the need to keep thebeaches deanWith the help of othersJoying also bought or re _ived donatio

17、ns of gallon-sizeplastic i _cream bucketsThe buckets were filled with sand。and pla _d at a11 public-aessareas of the beachThe buckets allowed people to dispose of their cigarettes before hitting thebeachTwo years later。Joying says the buckets are fun and the beach is nearly free of cigarettedebris(残

18、片)2 People who 1ive in or visit Steamboat Springs，Coloradohave Carter Dunham to thank fora new state wildlife refuge that preserves 20 acres of _rshland and _ny species of wildlifeCarter and other students wrote a _nagement plan for the area around the Yampa RiverTheplan was part of a class project

19、when Carter was a fresh _n at Steamboat Springs High Schoo1. Working with the Colorado Division of WildlifeCarter and his class _tes _pped the area andspecies of ani _ls living thereThey also _de decisions aboutamong other things。wherefen _s and parking areas should be built3 Barbara Brown and her f

20、riends collect oilIt started as a project for their 4H Club after oneof the girls noti _d her father using motor oil to kill weeds on their farm in Victoria。TexasTheydid some research and discovered that oil can contaminate ground water-a real danger in ruralareaswhere people live off the water on t

21、heir 1andThe girls researched ways to recycle oil andworked with a local oil-recycling pany on the issueNowthe“Dont Be Crude”programruns oilcollection sites-tanks that hold up to 460 gallons-where people in the munity candispose of their oil4 Five years ago11-year-old Ryan Hreljac was a little boy w

22、ith a big dream：for all thepeople in Africa to have clean drinking waterHis dream began in the first grade when he1earned that people were dying because they didnt have clean water，and that as 1ittle as$70could build a well“We really take water for granted，”says Ryan，of Kemptville，Ontario，inCanada“I

23、n other countriesyou have to plan for it”Ryan earned the first$70 by doing extrachores(零工)，but with the help of others，he has sin _ raised hundreds of thousands of dollarsHis efforts led to the start of the Ryans Well Foundation，which raises money for clean waterand healthrelated servi _s for people

24、 in African countries and developing countries23 Paragraph 124 Paragraph 225 Paragraph 326 Paragraph 4A Provide Clean WaterB Dig 0il WellsC Save Clean WaterD Dont LitterE Dont Be CrudeF Protect Wildlife27 Joying pla _d the buckets at all public-aess areas to28 People are grateful to Carter Dunham fo

25、r his efforts to29 Disposed oil and _ny other items can be reused to30 Ryan，with the help of others，is fulfilling his dream of help African people to第4部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 第一篇Technology Transfer in Ger _nyWhen it e s to tran

26、slating basic research into industrial suessfew nations can _tchGer _nySin _ the 1 940sthe nations vast industrial base has been fed with a constant streamof new ideas and expertise from scien _And though Ger _n prosperity(繁荣)has faltered(衰退1 over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying

27、 east and west as well as the globaleconomic decline，it still has an enviable(令人羡慕的)record for turning ideas into profitMuch of the reason for that suess is the Fraunhofer Society，a work of researchinstitutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create soughtafter technologiesButtoday

28、 the Fraunhofer institutes have petitionUniversities are taking an ever larger role intechnology transfer，and technology parks are springing up all overThese efforts are beingplemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up paniesSuch a strategy _y sound like a recipe for economic

29、 suessbut it is not without its criticsThese people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic scien _，eventually starving industry of flesh ideasIf every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企业家)，the argument goes，then the traditional principles of university researc

30、h bein _uriositydriven，flee and widely available will SufferOthers claim that _ny of theprogrammes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the s _llbusinesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few yearsmile this debate continuesnew ideas flow at a steady ra

31、te from Ger _nys researchworks，which bear famous names such as Helmholtz，Max Planck and LeibnizYet it is thefourth work，the Fraunhofer Society，that plays the greatest role in technology transferFounded in 1949,the Fraunhofer Society is now Europes largest organisation for appliedtechnology, and has

32、59 institutes employing 1 2，000 peopleIt continues to growLast year, itSwallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in BerlinToday,there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia31 What factor can be attributed to Ger _n prosperity? A Technology transferB Good _nagementC Hard

33、 workD Fier _ petition32 Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research? A It is freeB It is profitdrivenC It is widely availableD It is curiositydriven33 The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology inA AsiaB USA C EuropeD Africa34 When was the Fr

34、aunhofer Society founded? A In 1940. B Last yearC After the unificationD In 1949. 35 The word “expertise in line 3 could be best repla _d byA “experts”B “scientists” C “scholars”D “special knowledge” 第二篇Superconductor Ceramic(陶瓷) An underground revolution begins this winterwith the flip(轻击)of a swit

35、ch，30，000homes in one part of Detroit will soon bee the first in the country to re _ive electricitytran _itted by i _cold highperfor _n _ cablesOther American cities are expected to followDetroits example in the years aheadwhich could conserve enormous amounts of powerThe new electrical cables at th

36、e Fri _ie power station in Detroit are revolutionary becausethey are _de of superconductorsA superconductor is a _terial that tran _its electricity withlittle or no resistan _Resistan _ is the degree to which a substan _ resists electric currentAllmon electrical conductors have a _rtain amount of el

37、ectrical resistan _They convert atleast some of the electrical energy passing through them into waste heatSuperconductors dontNo one understands how superconductivity worksIt just doesMaking superconductors isnt easyA superconductor _terial has to be cooled to anextremely low temperature to 10se its

38、 resistan _The first superconductors， _de more than 50years ago，had to be cooled to一263 degrees Celsius before they lost their resistan _Newersuperconducting _terials 10se their resistan _ at一143 degrees CelsiusThe superconductors cable installed at the Fri _ie station is _de of a _ramic _terialthat

39、 contains copperoxygenbi _uth(铋)。strontium(锶)and calcium(钙)A _ramic is ahardstrong pound _de from clay or mineralsThe superconducting _ramic has beenfashioned into a tape that is wrapped lengthwise around a long tube filled with liquid nitrogenLiquid nitrogen is supercold and lowers the temperature

40、of the _ramic tape to the point where itconveys electricity with zero resistan _The United States loses an enormous amount of electricity each year to resistan _Because cooled superconductors have no resistan _they waste much less power0ther citiesare watching the Fri _ie experiment in the hope that

41、 they might switch to superconducting cableand conserve powertoo36 What is the benefit of the revolution mentioned in the first paragraph? A With a flip of swishelectricity can be tran _ittedB Other American cities can benefit from the highperfor _n _ cablesC Great amounts of power can be conservedD

42、 Detroit will first re _ive electricity tran _itted by the new electrical cables37 Compared to mon electrical conductors，superconductorsA have little or no electrical resistan _B Can be used for along timeC are not energy-efficientD can be _de easily38 At what temperature does the superconducting _r

43、amic lose its resistan _? A-143 degree CelsiusB一263 degree CelsiusC As long as it is i _-coldD Absolute zero39 What element enables the _ramic tape to lower its temperature? A CopperB Liquid nitrogenC ClayD Calcium40 Aording to the last paragraph，which of the following statements is NOT true? A Othe

44、r cities hope they Can also conserve powerB Other cities hope they Can use superconducting cables soonC Superconductors waste less power because of their low resistan _D The Fribie experiment is not suessful第三篇The Scien _ of the FutureUntil re _ntly，the“scien _ of the future”was supposed to be elect

45、ronics and artificialin _igen _Today it seems more and more likely that the next great breakthroughs intechnology will be brought through a bination Of those two scien _s with organic chemistryand geic engineeringThis bination is the scien _ of biotechnologyOrganic chemistry enables us to produ _ _r

46、velous synthetic(合成的) _terialsHowever,it is still difficult to _nufacture anything that has the capacity of wool to conserve heat and alsotO absorb moistureNothing that we have been able to produ _ so far es anywhere near thebination of strength1ightness and flexibility that we find in the bo _s of

47、ordinary insectsNeverthelessscientists in the laboratory have already sueeded in“growing”a _terialthat has _ny of the characteristics of hu _n skinThe next step _y well be“biotech hearts andeyes”which can repla _ diseased organs in hu _n beingsThese will not be rejected by the body,as is the case wi

48、th organs from hu _nsThe application of biotechnology to energy production seems even more promisingIn 1996the famous scien _fiction writer，Arthur CClarke， _ny of whose previous predictions havee true。said that we _y soon be able to develop re _rkably cheap and renewable sour _s oenergySome of these

49、 power sour _s will be biologicalClarke and others have warned usrepeatedly that sooner or later we will have to give up our dependen _ on non-renewable powersour _sCoal，oil and gas are indeed convenientHowever，using them also means creatingdangerously high levels of pollutionIt will be impossible to meet the growing de _nd forenergy without increasing that pollution to catastrophic(灾难性的)levels un