被动语态基础练习题

1、被动语态基础练习题一、单项选择被动语态1As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikesinto operation nationwide by 2025.A will have been put Bwill have put 【答案】 AC have been putD will be putting解析】详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据估计，到 2025 年为止，全国将有 2000 多万辆共享单车投入 运营。根据 by 2025 可知应用将来完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应为将来 完成时的被动语态。故选 A。2 Are we a

2、bout to having dinner?Yes, itin the dining room.A serve B is servingC is being served D has been serving 【答案】 C解析】考查时态和语态。句意：应。it是指饭菜，和动作是现在进行时的被动语态，我们准备去吃饭吗？ 是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供serve 之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C 项故选C。3The window is dirty.I know. Itfor weeks.A hasn t cleanedBdidn t cleanD hasn t been cleanedC w

3、asn t cleaned【答案】 D解析】详解】本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤： 1. 确定时态：这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的 影响就是窗户很脏，现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示过去 发生的事情持续到现在。2. 确定语态：主语 it 与谓语 clean 为被动关系。句意： 窗户很脏。我知道，这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选D。4 Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because shethat the clothvery well. Ahas been told; washesB had b

4、een told; washedC was told; was washed 【答案】 BD had been told; was washed解析】考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的过去，Bo故用过去完成时。像 feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语 态，结合前面时态可知，应选 washed。句意：随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告 诉她那种布很好洗。故选each year.5. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good ea

5、rthB. is being washed awayD. are being washed awayA. is washing awayC. are washing away【答案】D【解析】1.确定谓语单复数：根据【详解】 本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤:quantity的用法，quantities of和a quantity of后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数，但 它们作主语时，quantities of.后面的谓语动词用复数，而a quantity of.的谓语动词用单数，故排除A、D项。2.确定第二空：随着森林的被毁，土壤正在被冲走，故应该用现在 进行时的被动语态

6、。句意：随着森林的被毁，大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上，故选D项。【名师点拨】quantities of和a quantity of后面加可数名词复数，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；quantities of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；a quantity of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。1. Large qua ntities of money havebeen sent there 大量的钱已经被送至U那里；A large quantity of money has been wasted.大量的6. Quantities of soi

7、l钱已经被浪费；2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.大量的书已经提供给我 们；Quantities of nuts are on the table.大量的坚果在桌子上。in the area, result ing in the in creas ing nu mber of n atural disasters.A. is washed away B. have washed awayC. have washed away D. have been washed away【答案】DDo【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在这个地

8、区大量的土壤被冲走了，结果导致自然灾害数 量增加。句中soil和wash away是被动关系，此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响, 故要用现在完成时，要用现在完成时的被动语态，故选7. Local governmentsto strengthen water transport safety management _recent fatalaccide nts.A. are urging, followed B . are being urged, followingC. are urged, to follow D . urge, being followed【答案】B【解析】考查谓语动词

9、的时态及语态。句意：最近接连发生的致命事故敦促地方政府加强水路运输安全管理。urge sb. to do sth.，为固定搭配。敦促某人做某事 ”分析句意可知是事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系，故A与D是错误的。事件已发生了故不能用 to follow 作定语， following ，后面的，其次的，下列的。因此要用B。8Oral English exams in China twice a year to give more chances to the students.A has held Bwill be heldC will hold Dhas been held【答案

10、】 B 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：英语口语考试将在中国每年举行两次，为的是给学生更 多的机会。句中主语 Oral English exams和动词hold是被动关系，表示动作将要进行不是完 成，排除D,故选B。9The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more ambitious when we graduate than when we admitted.A will getBgetCgot 【答案】 CD have got解析】【详解】考查语态。句意：我们校长希望我们在毕业的时候比入学的时候更有雄心壮志。从句中主语 we 和

11、动词 admit 是被动关系，入学发生在过去，此处用一般过去时的被动语态； 此相当于 were ，故选 C。got 在10 Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percentproperly in this hospital.ABcan be the patients treated the patients can be treatedCcan the patients be treatedtreated can be the patientsD【答案】 C解析】试题分析：考查部分倒装。句意为：只有增加 50%的医生，这个医院的病人才

12、能得到恰当 的医治。 “only 状语 ”放于句首时句子须用部分倒装，故选 C 项。考点 : 考查部分倒装11 Many subway stations, including the one near our school, transport in the city.Aare constructing Bare being constructed Cis constructing Dis being constructed 【答案】 Bat present for a better解析】详解】B.考查动词时态语态。句意：许多地铁站，包括我们学校附近的地铁站，目前正在建设中， 以便有更便利的交

13、通。此处表示动作正在进行，句中主语 Many subway stations 和动词construct 是被动关系，所以此处用现在进行时的被动，与主语一致，故选【点睛】现在进行时的被动结构：be + bei ng+过去分词A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad. 一批东风卡车正被运往国外。1) “ be being done中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。be doing 变为 be2) 将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是：把 being done.例 1. The stude nts are clea n

14、in g the classroom now. The classroom is being clea ned now. 现在学生们正在打扫教室。 (are cleaning 变为 is being cleaned)例 2. The boy is counting some sheep.Some sheep are being counted.那男孩正在数羊。 (is counting 变为 are being counted) 12 Can we play basketball in the school gym? No, it during the summer holidays.Ais

15、repaired Bis being repaired Cwas repaired Dhas been repaired 【答案】 B解析】详解】考查时态语态。句意： -我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗？-不行，暑假期间操场正在被修B。葺。根据句意可知，这里是表示正在进行，所以要用现在进行时。主语it 和动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。故选carefully by us.13 The old man was weak after the accident; so heA must be take care of B must take care ofC must look after D m

16、ust be looked after 【答案】 D解析】详解】考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：事故发生后，老人很虚弱；所以他必须由我们仔细照 顾。固定词组： take care of/ looked after 照顾“”；句子主语 he 和谓语动词之间是被动关 系，所以这里是含情态动词的被动语态，情态动词+be +过去分词”。故选D。14scores of times, but Derek still couldnt understand how to use past participle in aconcrete situation.A Having explainedC Though

17、it was explainedBHaving been explainedDIt was explained【答案】 D【解析】因为有连词 but ，前面应是完整的句子，排除 A,B; Though 不能和 but 同时使用，所以选D。15 My brother and I haveA been invitedher birthday party.Bbeen invited forC invited to【答案】 D【解析】D been invited to【详解】 考查语态和固定搭配。句意：我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。My brother and I 与invite 之间是被动关系，

18、 invite sb to somewhere 表示 “邀请某人去某地”，故 D 项正确。16 Mum , is the pair of gloves Yes. You have to wear another pair. AwashingC being washed【答案】 Cmine?B have washedD having washed解析】详解】考查时态。句意： 妈妈，这双正洗的手套是我的吗？ 了。根据下文可知，手套是正在被洗，用现在进行时的被动，故选是的。你不得不带另一双C。17With the help of high technology, more and more new

19、substances _in the past few years.A discoveredB have discoveredC had been discovered【答案】 DD have been discovered解析】 【详解】 考查时态语态。句意：因为有高科技的帮助，在最近几年中，越来越多的新物质已经被发 现了。根据时间状语in the past few years,说明使用现在完成时。根据句意新物质和发明之 间用被动形式。故 D 正确。18 After completing the training, I, together with my classmates, to the

20、 town that was farB was sentC have been sentD has been sentfrom the city. A were sent答案】 B解析】【详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：完成了训练，我和我的同学被送往了远离城市的一个小镇。together with （和）符合就远原则，故现在只看主语I,是单数；根据下文的was判断为般过去时， send 和主语 I 之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，即一般过去时的被动语态，主 语是单数，故用 was sent，故选B项。【点睛】 本题考查就远原则，即谓语动词的形式和前面的那部分主语保持一致。常见的符合就远原 则的

21、词或短语有： as well as;（together/along/combined） with; rather than; except; besides; but;including; in addition to; apart from ； instead of 等例如：1.2.3.4.Nobody but two students is in the classroom. 除了这两个学生 ,没有人在教室。Everybody except you is down on me. 除了你 ,大家都看不起我。A woman with two children has come. 一位妇女带着两

22、个孩子已经来了。John, rather than his roommates, is to blame. 约翰 ,而不是他的室友 ,应该受到责备。19In the 1980s in this village, there were only muddy roads to the outside, and concrete ones yet.D hadn t been builtAhavent builtBhavent been built Chadn t built答案】 D解析】 【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：在 20 世纪 80 年代，这个村庄只有泥泞的道路通往外面，混 凝土的道路还

23、没有建成。根据语境可知， “混凝土的道路还没有建 ”表示的动作发生在 “thereD。were only muddy roads 这一”过去的动作之前，属于 “过去的过去 ”，应使用过去完成时； build 与 concrete ones 是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态。故选20Youd better communicate with each other sincerely, and I hope to see your conflict tomorrow.Awas to be solvedB has been solvedD had been solvedC will have been

24、solved 【答案】 C解析】详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：你们彼此之间最好真诚地沟通，我希望明天你们的冲突能得到解 决。由时间状语 tomorrow 可知，此处应用将来时， conflict 和 solve 之间为被动关系。因此C项的将来完成时符合语境，表示在将来某一时间以前（明天结束之前）已经完成的动 作。故选 C 项。A were put【答案】 A【解析】B was putCputD has put分析】详解】 考查被动语态。句意：给老板的那些信放在他的办公桌上，但是直到三天以后他才读了那些信。letter信件”和put放”之间是被动的关系，所以排除C和D,然后因为letters是复

25、数，谓语动词用 were put, 故选 A。22We didn t play football yesterday.The match Awas canceled Bis canceledC has canceled D had canceled 【答案】 A【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：昨天我们没有踢足球，比赛取消了。根据句意可知，match 和yesterday 可知，这是发生在过去的一件事cancel 之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；由情，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选23 The coach, together with his players, to celebrate t

26、heir win in the match.to the party held last Friday night, aimingA。B were invitedC has been invitedD have been invitedA was invited 【答案】 A【解析】 【详解】 考查主谓一致与一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这个教练，和他的队员一起，被邀请去参 加上周五晚上举行的聚会，目的是庆祝他们赢得比赛。根据句中的“last Friday nigh（t 上周五晚上）”可知，这句话应使用一般过去时。句子主语为The coach，为第三人称单数形式，“ together with介

27、词词组作主语的伴随状语，不能算作主语，所以谓语动词应与Thecoach 保持一致。故选 A。【点睛】 主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与它的主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。简单来讲，即在英 语组词成句的过程中，主语的人称、数、格发生了变化，谓语也必须跟着变化，保证主语 和谓语之间关系的协调一致。在英语语法中，这属于基本的知识点。主谓一致要遵循三个 原则，语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。其中语法一致原则指的是主语是单 数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也是复数形式。当than ，with , as well as, along with , together with ,

28、like, rather than , except, not, but, including, plus, besides, in addition to等加名词或代词结构在主语后面时，谓语不受这些 短语影响，须和其前的主语一致。这属于语法一致原则中的一种情况。例如本题中使用了together with结构，所以句子的谓语动词与主语the coach保持一致。24. Amy, as well as her brothers, week.a warm welcome whe n retur ning to the village lastA. is givenB. are givenC. wa

29、s given【答案】CD. were given【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知，应用过去时，排除选项A和B;本句的主语是 Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选Co25. I saw Jack in the lift this morning. HeA. wont be seenaround here for a long time.B. was nt see nC. has nt bee n see n【答案】D【解析】D. had nt bee n see n【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态

30、。句意：今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近Do露面了。根据this morning可知，这是过去的事情；再根据 for a long time可知，此空是更 靠前的动作，且句子主语He和see之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去完成时态，故选26. Every possible meansto prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.A. is usedB. are usedC. have usedD. has been used【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态语态。句意：所有可能的方法都被用来防止空气污染

31、，但天空仍 然不明朗。means当名词解释为方法”，单复数同型，且 every+主语，谓语动词用单数； means与动词use之间是被动关系，根据语境所有的方法都用了 ”，应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故选 Do【点睛】“ each/every单数名词+and+单数名词等结构作主语当“each/every单数名词+and+单数名词或“each/every单数名词+and+ each/every+单数名 词”结构作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：Each boy and each girl has been invited to the teaparty. 每个男孩和每个女孩都被邀请参加茶 话

32、会。The boy and the girl each have their own toys. 这个男孩和这个女孩都有他们自己的玩具。27 Beijings new international airport spokesperson.A was put C has put 【答案】 Dinto use in September, 2019, according to theBDwill put will be put【解析】 试题分析：考查时态和语态。句意：按照发言人所说， 使用。根据句意可知，用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选 考点：考查时态和语态北京的新国际机场将在2019 年投入D。if

33、 both the angry femaleB should be avoided28 The accident which left 15 people on board dead passenger and the bus driver had kept calm. A should have avoidedD could have been avoidedC could have avoided 【答案】 D解析】 【详解】考查“情态动词 +完成式 ”。句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静，这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。 could have done 本“来能做而没有做

34、 ”，且句子主语 TheD。accident 和谓语动词 avoid 之间是被动关系，结合句意可知答案为 【点睛】 情态动词 + have done 结构：1. “must + have过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只 用于肯定句。如： It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2. “ can / could + have过去分词表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could 一般用于否定句和疑问句，could 的语气较 can 弱。如：He cant have finished the work so soon.3. “ may / might + have 过+ 去分词 ”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用ca