实验六 继承与派生

1、继承与组合一、实验目的1了解继承在面向对象程序设计中的重要作用。2进一步理解继承与派生的概念。3掌握通过继承派生出一个新的类的方法。4了解虚基类的作用和用法。5掌握类的组合二、实验内容1请先阅读下面的程序，写出程序运行的结果，然后再上机运行程序，验证自己分析的结果是否正确。(1)#include using namespace std;class apublic: a()couta:a() called.n; virtual a()couta:a() called.n; class b:public a public: b(int i) coutb:b() called.n; buf=new

2、chari; virtual b() delete buf; coutb:b() called.n; private: char *buf; ; void fun(a *a) coutmay you succeed!endl; delete a; int main() a *a=new b(15); fun(a); return 0;1、（1）程序运行结果：a:a() called.b:b() called.may you succeed!b:b() called.a:a() called.(2)#includeusing namespace std;class apublic:a(int a

3、,int b):x(a),y(b) couta constructor.endl;void add(int a,int b) x+=a;y+=b;void display() cout(x,y);a()coutdestructor a.endl;private:int x,y;class b:private aprivate:int i,j;a aobj;public:b(int a,int b,int c,int d):a(a,b),i(c),j(d),aobj(1,1) coutb constructor.endl;void add(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2)

4、a:add(x1,y1);i+=x2; j+=y2;void display()a:display();aobj.display();cout(i,j)endl;b()coutdestructor b.endl; ;int main()b b(1,2,3,4);b.display();b.add(1,3,5,7);b.display(); return 0;（2）程序运行结果：a constructor.a constructor.b constructor.(1,2) (1,1) (3,4)(2,5) (1,1) (8,11)destructor b.destructor a.destruc

5、tor a.(3)#includeusing namespace std;class apublic:a(int a):x(a) couta constructor.xendl;int f()return +x;a()coutdestructor a.endl;private:int x;class b:public virtual aprivate:int y;a aobj;public:b(int a,int b,int c):a(a),y(c),aobj(c) coutb constructor.yendl;int f()a:f();aobj.f();return +y;void dis

6、play()couta:f()taobj.f()tf()endl;b()coutdestructor b.endl; ;class c:public bpublic:c(int a,int b,int c):b(a,b,c),a(0) coutc constructor.endl;class d:public c,public virtual apublic:d(int a,int b,int c):c(a,b,c),a(c) coutd constructor.endl;d()coutdestructor d.endl;int main()d d(7,8,9);d.f();d.display

7、();return 0;（3）程序运行结果：a constructor.9a constructor.9b constructor.9c constructor.d constructor.12 12 11destructor d.destructor b.destructor a.destructor a.(4)#include using namespace std;class base1public:base1()coutclass base1!endl;class base2public:base2()coutclass base2!endl;class level1:public b

8、ase2,virtual public base1public:level1()coutclass level1!endl;class level2: public base2,virtual public base1public:level2()coutclass level2!endl;class toplevel:public level1,virtual public level2public:toplevel()coutclass toplevel!endl;int main()toplevel obj;return 0;（4）程序运行结果：class base1!class bas

9、e12class leve12!class base2!class leve11!class topleve1!2某出版系统发行图书和磁带，利用继承设计管理出版物的类。要求如下：建立一个基类publication存储出版物的标题title、出版物名称name、单价price及出版日期date。用book类和tape类分别管理图书和磁带，它们都从publication类派生。book类具有保存图书页数的数据成员page，tape类具有保存播放时间的数据成员playtime。每个类都有构造函数、析构函数，且都有用于从键盘获取数据的成员函数inputdata()，用于显示数据的成员函数display

10、()。2、#include using namespace std;#include class datepublic:date()date(int y,int m,int d);date(date &d);void setdate(int y,int m,int d);void showdate();private: int year,month,day;date:date(int y,int m,int d)year=y;month=m;day=d; date:date(date &d)year=d.year;month=d.month;day=d.day; void date:setda

11、te(int y,int m,int d)year=y;month=m;day=d; void date:showdate()coutyear年month月day日endl; class timepublic:time()time(int h,int m,int s);time(time &t);void settime(int h,int m,int s);void showtime();private: int hour,minute,second;time:time(int h,int m,int s)hour=h;minute=m;second=s; time:time(time &t

12、) hour=t.hour;minute=t.minute;second=t.second; void time:settime(int h,int m,int s) hour=h;minute=m;second=s; void time:showtime()couthour:minute:secondendl; class publicationpublic: publication()publication(string title,string name,float price,int y,int m,int d);void inputdata();void display();priv

13、ate:string title;string name;float price;date date;publication:publication(string title,string name,float price,int y,int m,int d):title(title),name(name),price(price),date(y,m,d)void publication:inputdata()coutplease input title, name, price, publication date of a book:titlenameprice;int year,month

14、,day;cinyearmonthday;date.setdate(year,month,day);void publication:display()couttitle=titleendl;coutname=nameendl;coutprice=priceendl;coutpage=page;void book:inputdata()publication:inputdata();coutplease the pages of the book:page;void book:display()publication:display();coutpage=pageendl;class tape

15、:public publicationpublic:tape()tape(string title,string name,float price,int y,int m,int d,time playtime);void inputdata();void display();private:time playtime;tape:tape(string title,string name,float price,int y,int m,int d,time playtime):publication(title,name,price,y,m,d),playtime(playtime)void

16、tape:inputdata()publication:inputdata();coutplease the playtime of the tape:hourminutesecond;playtime.settime(hour,minute,second);void tape:display()publication:display();coutplaytime=;playtime.showtime();int main()book book1(教材,c+程序设计,30.00,2009,6,1,300);book1.display();coutendl;time time1(30,10,20

17、); tape tape1(磁带,c+程序设计视频,10.00,2009,8,1,time1);tape1.display();book book2;book2.inputdata();book2.display();coutendl;tape tape2;tape2.inputdata();tape2.display();return 0;3分别定义教师类teacher和干部类cadre，采用多重继承的方式由这两个类派生出新类teacher_cadre（教师兼干部类）。要求：（1）在两个基类中都包含姓名、年龄、性别、地址、电话数据成员。（2）在teacher类中还包含数据成员职称title，

18、在cadre类中还包含数据成员职务post，在teacher_cadre类中还包含数据成员工资wage。（3）对两个基类中的姓名、年龄、性别、地址、电话数据成员用相同的名字，在访问这类数据成员时，指定作用域。（4）在类体中声明成员函数，在类外定义成员函数。（5）在派生类teacher_cadre的成员函数show中调用teacher类中的display函数，输出姓名、年龄、性别、地址、电话，然后再用cout语句输出职务和工资。3、#include#include using namespace std;class teacher public: teacher(string nam,int a

19、,char s,string tit,string ad,string t); void display(); protected: string name; int age; char sex; string title; string addr; string tel;teacher:teacher(string nam,int a,char s,string tit,string ad,string t): name(nam),age(a),sex(s),title(tit),addr(ad),tel(t) void teacher:display() coutname:nameendl

20、; coutageageendl; coutsex:sexendl; couttitle:titleendl; coutaddress:addrendl; couttel:telendl; class cadre public: cadre(string nam,int a,char s,string p,string ad,string t); void display(); protected: string name; int age; char sex; string post; string addr; string tel; ; cadre:cadre(string nam,int

21、 a,char s,string p,string ad,string t): name(nam),age(a),sex(s),post(p),addr(ad),tel(t)void cadre:display() coutname:nameendl; coutage:ageendl; coutsex:sexendl; coutpost:postendl; coutaddress:addrendl; couttel:telendl;class teacher_cadre:public teacher,public cadre public: teacher_cadre(string nam,i

22、nt a,char s,string tit,string p,string ad,string t,float w); void show( ); private: float wage; ; teacher_cadre:teacher_cadre(string nam,int a,char s,string t,string p,string ad,string tel,float w): teacher(nam,a,s,t,ad,tel),cadre(nam,a,s,p,ad,tel),wage(w) void teacher_cadre:show( ) teacher:display(

23、); coutpost:cadre:postendl; coutwages:wageendl;int main( ) teacher_cadre te_ca(wang-li,50,f,prof.,president,135 beijing road,shanghai,(021)61234567,1534.5); te_ca.show( ); return 0;4按下列要求编写程序。（1）定义一个分数类score。它有3个数据成员：chinese /语文课成绩english /英语课成绩mathematics /数学课成绩2个构造函数：无参的和带参数的3个成员函数：是否带参数根据需要自定sum(

24、) /计算三门课总成绩print() /输出三门课成绩和总成绩modify() /修改三门课成绩（2）定义一个学生类student。它有3个数据成员：num /学号name /姓名myscore /成绩2个构造函数：无参的和带参数的3个成员函数：是否带参数根据需要自定sum() /计算某学生三门课总成绩print() /输出某学生学号、姓名和成绩modify() /修改某学生学号、姓名和成绩（3）在主函数中，先定义一个学生类对象数组，再通过for循环给对象数组赋上实际值，最后输出对象数组个元素的值。4、#include#includeusing namespace std;class scor

25、epublic:score()chinese=0;english=0;mathematics=0;score(float ch,float en,float ma):chinese(ch),english(en),mathematics(ma)float sum(); void print(); void modify(); private:float chinese;float english;float mathematics;class studentpublic:student():myscore(0,0,0)num=000000000;name=无;student(string n,

26、string na,float m,float c,float e):num(n),name(na),myscore(m,c,e)float sum(); void print(); void modify(); private:string num; string name; score myscore; ;float score:sum()return(chinese+english+mathematics);void score:print()cout语文chineseendl;cout英语englishendl;cout数学mathematicsendl;cout总成绩sum()end

27、l;coutendlendlendl;void score:modify()cout请输入三门成绩chinese;cinenglish;cinmathematics;coutendlendlendl;float student:sum()return(myscore.sum();void student:print()cout学号:numendl;cout姓名:nameendl;myscore.print();void student:modify()cout请输入学号,姓名和成绩:num;cinname; myscore.modify();int main()student st3; cou

28、t请输入学生信息:endl;for(int i=0;i3;i+)sti.modify();for(int i=0;i3;i+)sti.print();return 0;5编写一个程序实现小型公司的人员信息管理系统。该公司雇员（employee）包括经理（manager），技术人员（technician）、销售员（salesman）和销售部经理（salesmanager）。要求存储这些人员的姓名、编号、级别、当月薪水，计算月薪并显示全部信息。程序要对所有人员有提升级别的功能。为简单起见，所有人员的初始级别均为1，然后进行升级，经理升为4级，技术人员和销售部经理升为3级，销售员仍为1级。月薪计算办

29、法是：经理拿固定月薪8000元，技术人员按每小时100元领取月薪，销售员按该当月销售额4%提成，销售经理既拿固定月工资也领取销售提成，固定月工资为5000元，销售提成为所管辖部门当月销售额的5。#include#includeusing namespace std;class employee /虚基类public:employee()coutid;coutname;salary=0; /月薪virtual void pay()=0; /月薪计算函数virtual void show()=0;protected:string name; /姓名int id; /职工编号double salary; /月薪;class technician:virtual public employeepublic: