definition段落写作.ppt

1、A definition paragraph: A paragraph in which we explain what a term means,Unit 7 P148 Defining an idea / a term 概念定义,Dog? Panda,A dictionary-based explanation A stipulated explanation,a dictionary-based explanation (sample1. what is anthropology,a stipulated explanation （sample 2. compassion,Define

2、in the way it is defined in a dictionary or encyclopedia object ( lamp computer): define by features,showing in what specific context the word is used. (can be different to different people) movement incident concept (market economy dementia power love human rights): follow the commonly accepted int

3、erpretation or judgment,organize the paragraph,Topic sentence E.G. A tornado is a violent storm with strong winds which move in a circle,the term,Class or category,the features,Sample. Objection seen in the sky or landing on earth that cannot be identified and which are often believed to be vehicles

4、 from another planet are called UFOs (unidentified flying objects,Term: UFO Class: Flying object Features: 1）Unidentified 2) Believed to be from another planet,Topic sentence of a definition paragraph includes: 1.The term to be defined 2.The class or category to which a thing belongs 3.The features

5、that make it different from others,Exception In a stipulated paragraph, this rule may not always be strictly followed,Samples 1.True love is giving, not taking. 2. Friendship is a plant that must be often watered. 3. In developing countries, human rights first mean the right to a decent life: suffic

6、ient food and clothing plus a basic education,Sometimes a term can be defined in either of the two ways, and the topic sentence will thus be completely different,stipulated definition,dictionary-based definition,Compare the following sentences: Happiness means to be able to help others. Happiness is

7、 a feeling of contentment,Supporting details,1.Additional information,a. Physical features: a concrete object- lookappearance, the smell, the taste.(table fruit, sample3: an animal: coyote,b. Functions: when describe terms like a machine or instrument, usually its functional features are more import

8、ant than the physical appearance (education family,sample5: a building society,c. Behavioral characteristics: when describe an animal or a species of human being (sample3,d. Symptoms: for definition of disease,f. Origins: information of a words origin adds more interest to the definition (English wo

9、rds originated from Greek or Latin,e. Details and examples: when describe terms like organizations, systems or abstract ideas (trust hospitality), details or examples are necessary (sample5,2.Methods of development,a. classification: when a term can only be clearly defined by breaking down into smal

10、l parts (sample1,Physical needs Safety needs Social needs Esteem needs Self-realization needs,b. comparison/contrast: to make the features of an item more impressing or striking, we can define it by means of comparison or contrast with other items that are similar or different. (chimpanzee ,-gorilla, smaller and less fierce than a gorilla,Eg. human need,c. negation(否定，对立面,Sometimes we can define a term by telling what it is not,For instance, to define the word “happiness”, we may begin with “it is not havi