现在完成时重点归纳和练习

1、现在完成时态精讲及练习第一部分：现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。学习现在完成时,先从结构和句式开始:构成:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他。(当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have。过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。)否定式:主语 + havent/hasnt + 过去分词 + 其他。疑问式: have /has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?简略答语: yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)no, 主语 + havent/hasnt

2、.(否定)第二部分：现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义: * 以already, just和yet为标志 already, just和yet 表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚或还没有发生。he has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。he has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。he hasnt come back yet.他还没有回来。* 以ever和never为标志ever和never 表示到现在为止动作或状态曾经或从来没有发生过。this is the best film i hav

3、e ever seen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。he has never been to beijing.他从没有到过北京。* 以动作发生的次数为标志若某一动作到现在为止已经发生了若干次,则要使用现在完成时。he says he has been to the usa three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。* 以so far为标志so far往往表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。he has got to beijing so far.到目前为止他已到了北京。she has passed the examso far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。第三部分：过去已经开始的动

4、作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。*“终止”、“延续”要转换英语中的动词从词义上可以分为延续性和非延续性两种,在现在完成时态中一定要注意动词这一特性,应将这类非延续性动词转换为延续性动词。如:“the cat play” has been on for half an hour.猫已经开演半个小时了。how long have you had this dictionary?这本字典你买了多久了?初中阶段常见的有:come-be, go out -be out, leave-be away (from), b

5、egin-be on, buy-have, borrow-keep , join-be a member / 介词短语, die-be dead, become-be, open(v.)-be open(adj.) 等。* 时间“点”、“段”须分清过去开始的动作可以延续到某一点结束,也可能继续延续,这时就要根据时间“点”、“段”选择相应的介词for或since。如:he has been away for two years.他已走了两年。(for+时间段)he has been an english teacher since 1992.自从1992年以来他一直当英语教师。(since+过去

6、某一时刻)第四部分：a)选用have, has填空:1.i _ told him the news.2.she _ come back from school. 3.you _ won the game.b)按要求改写下列各句:4.they have bought a computer.(改成否定句)_5.he has lost his book.(先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答)_c) 单项选择6. -where have you _, kate?-ive _ to the bank.a. gone, goneb. been, beenc. gone, beend. been, gon

7、e7. her grandfather _ for two years. a. diedb. has diedc. has been deadd. has been died8. its six weeks _ i met you last.a. whenb. sincec. befored. for9. tom and jack have arrived at west hill farm already.a. have gotb. have gone toc. have been tod. have reached现在完成时重点归纳及练习一、基本结构：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词

8、二、用法1：表示：过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。标志词：already, yet, just, ever, never, before用法2：表示：过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。标志词：for, since, sinceago用法一1.我已经看过这部电影。i already the film.2.你已经浇过花了吗？_ you the flowers yet?3.他刚刚完成了家庭作业。he just his homework.4.我们曾经去过五仙山。we ever to the wuxian hills.5.李雷从不抽烟。lilei never .用法二1.我学习英

9、语达到3年了。i english for 3 years.i english for 3 years.2.自从9点钟以来，我们就在这儿等他。we for him since 9:00.we for him since 9:00.3.自从两周前以来，他就在练习打篮球。he basketball since 2 weeks ago.4.自从lucy来中国以来，她就结交了许多朋友。she many friends since lucy came to china.一段时间的表达方法有两种:1. for +一段时间。如：达到3年 for 3 years2. since + 过去的某一时刻。如：自从上周

10、以来 since last weeksince + 一般过去时态的从句。如：自从lucy来中国以来 since lucy came to china注意:for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间，对它们提问都用短语：how long 如：i have studied english for 3 years. how long have you studied english?动词转换结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是可以转换成相应的延续性动词或短语。如：buy-have , borrow-keep , leave-be away, come-be in, begin-

11、be on , die-be dead, join-be a member of .1.他来中国半年了。he comes china for half a year. 改为： 。2.李雷买这本字典3天了。li lei has bought a dictionary for 3years. 改为： 。3.他的爷爷去世3年了。his grandpa has died for 3 years. 改： 。比较1一、当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时:yesterday(昨天), just now(刚才)，an hour ago（一个小时前）, last year(去年

12、); etc. 如：1.我们上周完成了我们的工作。we finished our work last week .2.飞机十分钟前起飞了。the plane took off ten minutes ago .3.昨天，她们去游泳了。they went swimming yesterday .比较2二、现在完成进行时态，如：1.我学习英语达到3年了。i english for 3 years.2.自从9点钟以来，我们就在这儿等他。we for him since 9:00.we for him since 9:00.练习 11.他去过两次泸州。he _ _ _ luzhou _.2.他们去了办

13、公室，将很快回来。they _ _ _ the office . they _ _ back soon. 3.他在中国四年了。he _ _ _china _ four years.4.自从两年前以来，我就买了这块手表。i _ _ the watch _ two years _ .5.他已经离开一小时了。he _ _ _ _ an hour.练习 21. a: i my purse. (lose) b: what a pity. when you it? (lose) a: i it this morning. (lose)2.a:i have watched the game. b:when

14、_ you _ it? a. have watched b. do watch c. did watch3.a:ann has gone to shanghai. b:so her parents.（填词）4.youve never seen such a wonderful film before, ? a. havent you b. have you c. do you 练习31. mr. green _ in china since five years ago. a. lived b. has lived c. lives2. his grandma _ for two years.

15、 a. died b. has been dead c. has died3. a:where is han mei now? b: she _ to shanghai. she will be back in two days. a. has gone b. has been c goes4. a: to the united stated ?（填词） b: no, never, but i went to canada a few years ago5. you havent changed your mind,_? a. do you b. are you c. have you练习 4

16、1. how long have you _ the football team of the school? a. been on b. been c. joined d. played2. -where have you _ these days? -i have _ to beijing with my friends. a. been , gone b. been , been c. gone , been d. gone, gone3. how long have you _ this book? a. bought b. borrowed c. had d. lent4. excu

17、se me, _ you seen the film yet? -yes, i _ it last night. a. have, see b. have, have seen c. have, seen d. have, saw5. he has never ridden a horse before, _? a. is he b. isnt c. hasnt d. has he练习 51.i have posted a letter to my penfriend in america . a.already b.yet c.for two days2.you have never hea

18、rd such a story, you? a.havent b.dont c.have3.his grandma for many years. a.died b.has died c.has been dead5.wang hais been to shanghai ,and so _ his sister. a.is b.was c.has d.does6.jack has a watch. he _ it for two years. a.has had b.has bought c.got d.bought7.how many english words _ you _ since

19、you came to our school? a.have,learned b.do,learn c.will,learn d.did,learn9.our english teacher isnt here. she has _ shanghai. a.been b.gone c.been to d.gone to12. i my grandmother since two years ago. a.dont see b.see c.havent seen d.saw13.how long _ you _ here since you came to china? a.did,live b

20、.do,live c.have,lived d.will,live14.anns already read this story-book.(改为否定句) ann _ read this story-book _ .现在完成时专项练习一、单项选择 1. li hong has _ the army for 2 years. a. joined b. be in c. been in d. joined in 2. we have been friends since _. a. children b. five years c. five years ago d. five years bef

21、ore 3. mike _ the story for a month. a. has bought b. has had c. had had d. has borrowed 4. you _ that question three times. a. already asked b. have already asked c. already have asked d. asked already 5. those foreign friends left guangzhou _. a. since last week b. a week ago c. for a week d. sinc

22、e a week ago 6. i _ at this school for two years. a. am studying b. study c. studied d. have studied 7. they _ in the city since last summer. a. live b. didnt live c. have lived d. live 8. mrs. wang has lived in haikou _ 1992. a. since b. from c. after d. in 9. mr. black _ china since the summer of

23、1998. a. has been to b. has been in c. has come to d. came to 10. his father _ for years. a. has died b. has been dead c. died d. dies 11. mary _ to see the films because she _ it twice. a. wont go, saw b. wont go, will see c. wont go, has seen d. didnt go, sees 12.- would you like some more food? -

24、thank you. i _ enough. a. will have b. have had c. have d. had 13. _ you _ england? yes, it _ a beautiful country. a. will, gone to, was b.have, been to, is c. had, been to, is d.have, gone to, is 14. -_ you _ to beijing? -no, i _.i _ there early next month. a. have, been, havent, am going b. had, b

25、een, hadnt, am going c. have, gone, havent, was going d. did,go, didnt, was going 15. -you sister _ to london to study english. is that true? -yes , she _ there for two months. a. has been, has been b. will go, has gone c. gone, will be d. has gone, has been 16. he has a computer of his own. he _ it

26、 two days ago a. bought b. have bought c. buys d. has bought 17. where is li lei? he _ shanghai. a. has gone to b. has been to c. went to d. goes to 18. he _ his homework and is now listening to music. a. finishes b. has finished c. finish d. is finishing 19. david _ shanghai for more than three mon

27、ths. a. came to b. has been to c. has been in d. has come to 20. - is your father a party member? - yes, he _ the party three years ago. he _ a party member for three years. a. joined; has been b. has joined; has been c. was joined; is d. joined; was 21. -what a nice bike! how lone _ you _ it? -just

28、 five weeks. a. will; buy b. did; buy c. are; having d. have; had 22. i _ this book for a week .i have to return it now. a. borrowed b. have borrowed c. kept d. have kept 23. -_ your sister _ in green china for a long time? -yes. she joined it five years ago. a. has; been b. have; been c. has; joine

29、d d. have; joined 24. -how long have you _ from the usa? -for three months. a. come back b. returned c. go back d. been back 25. i _ this book for half a year. a. have bought b. have had c. bought d. had 26. the students are sorry to hear that famous singer _ for a year. a. has left b. has gone c. h

30、as been away d. has gone away 27. - _ you_ your homework yet? -yes, i _ it just now. a. did; do; finished b. have; done; finished c. have; done; have finished d. will; do; finish 28. the sand storm weather _ in beijing several times this year. a. happen b. happened c. has happened d. have happened 2

31、9. -how long have you been here? - _ last month. a. for b. until c. before d. since 30. he _ a cold for three days. a. has caught b. has had c. has got d. caught 31. jim green _ in china for two years. a. has come b. has been c. has arrived d. came 32. the film _ for half an hour. a. has been on b.

32、has begun c. hasnt begun d. began 33.where have you _ these days？ i have _ to beijing with my friends a. been；gone b. been；been c. gone；been d. gone；gone 34how long have you _ this book？ a. bought bborrowed chad dlent 35. we have lived here _ five years ago a. when bsince cbefore dafter 36i have wat

33、ched the game when _you _ it？ ahave；watched bdo；watch cdid；watch dwill；watch 37how do you like beijing, mr. black？ oh，i _ such a beautiful city adont visit bdidnt visit chavent visited dhadnt visited 38miss brown _ to the great wall twice ahave been bhas been chave gone dhas gone 39.his brother has

34、been to stone forest twice _ he came to yunnan aafter bbefore csince dfor 40his grandpa _ for two yearsawas died bhas been dead cwas dead dhas died 41have you ever_ to haikou？ yes，i_ there with my family last august agone；went bbeen；went cbeen；went to dbeen；was in 42. his sister _ her hometown for t

35、hree years. shell return next year aleft bhas left chas been away dhas been away from43、my parents _ shandong for ten years . have been in . have been to. have gone to. have been44、the students have cleaned the classroom, ? a. so they b. dont they c. have they d. havent they45、_has mr white been a m

36、ember of greener china since he _to china?a. how soon, comes b. how often, got c. how long, came d. how far, arrived 46、 his uncle _ for more than 9 years.a. has come here b. has started to work c. has lived there d. has left the university二、选择填空：1 .you have _ a tall young man. a grown b grown into

37、c grown us d grown up2. he has _ the watch for a year. a buy b bought c have d had3. has your brother _ the dog? a kept in b fed c fed on d kept on4.i _this book for two weeks, i have to return it now. a borrowed b have borrowed c kept d have kept5. have you ever _to the great wall? its very beautif

38、ul. a gone b been c went d go 6. her brother _the party since 1978. a joined b has joined c has been in d was in 7 .the greens _many places of interest since they came to china. a will visit b visited c have visited d visit8 .im sorry, i _ your name. a had forgotten b forgot c have forgotten d forgo

39、tten9. the bookshop _ for eight years.a has been open b has been opened chas opened d has open10. we have_all the paper so we need to buy some. a used up b made of c filled with d hunted for11. the flower i _ grown up.a. planted has b. planted have c. has planted d . have planted12.mother _me a new

40、coat yesterday. i _ it on. it fits me well.a. had madehave tried b. madehave tried c. has madetried d. madetried13. “he _to draw horses already”. “when _ he ?” “ last year “ a. learnedhas b. learneddid c. has learnedhas d. has learneddid14.tom _up into the tree. look, he _ high up there !a. has goti

41、s b. has climbedwas c. got was d. climbedis15._ you _ the text yet ? yes, we _ it two hours ago.a. didcopydid b. havecopiedhavec. havecopieddid d. did copyhad16. have you ever _(take) a train?17. it _(be ) more than three years since jim _(leave) here.18. have you _(make)friends with your new classm

42、ates yet?19. i _(have) my lunch and im not hungry now.20. jim has never seen a panda, _he?21. we _(be) good friends since we met at school.23. we cant find him anywhere. perhaps he_(go) home.24. he _(read) the book before.25. mr. green _(teach) us a lot about social studies since september.26. i _ne

43、ver_ (meet) her sister before.三、选择填空1.mother _me a new coat yesterday. i _ it on. it fits me well. a. had madehave tried b. madehave tried c. has madetriedd. madetried2- “he _to draw horses already”. -when _ he ?” - “ last year “ a. learnedhas b. learneddid c. has learnedhas d. has learneddid3._you

44、_the text yet? yes,we_it two hours ago. a. didcopydid b. havecopiedhave c. havecopieddid d. did copyhad4. “why _ she _angry ?”“because he _at her just now .” a.didgetshouted b.hasgotshoutedc.didgethasshouted d.hasgothas shouted5. _you _the film before?where_you _it? a. have seendidsee b. did seedidw

45、atch c. haveseenhaveseen d. did seehaveseen6.you _me waiting for two hours. i_for you since five. a. keptwaited b. have keptwaited c. kepthave waited d. have kepthave waited7.where _ john _ ? to the library. he _there for an hour. a. hasbeenhas gone b.hasgonehas been c. didgowent d. didbewent8. i _t

46、he way.i_here for quite many years. a. knewhave lived b. knewlive c. knowhave lived d. knowlive9. _ you ever _ america ? yes, i have. a. havegone to b. havegone in c. havebeen to d. have been in10. my brother _college for over three years. a. has gone to b. has been to c. has been in d. has been at四、选择填空：1、