宾语从句讲解及练习

1、宾语从句一、宾语从句的连接词1、连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。e.g. He knew (that) he should work hard.2、连词if、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否” 解，在口语中多用if。e.g. Tom don t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.He asked me whether or not I was coming.一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether : 在不定式前： Whe

2、ther to go there or not hasn t been decided. 在介词前：It depends on( 依靠)whether it is going to rain. 与 or not 连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.3、 连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which，连接畐U词 when, where, why,how，它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。e.g. The teacher asked the new stude nts which class h

3、e was in.I won der where he got so much mon ey.【注意】1、 由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。e.g. I don know how I should do with the presents.e I don tknow howto do with the prese nts.2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型。二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词 +主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调： 它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。Can you tell me who(m)

4、do we have to see?( X)Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?( V)The teacher asked the students what they were doing.(思考：what 在从句中的成分)陈述句变为宾语从句时，要注意人称和时态的变化，语序不变。e.g. She said, “Iwill leave a message on the desk. ” dShe said she would leave a message on the desk.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，也要注意人称和时态的变化，后面接陈述语

5、序。e.g. “Where are the tickets? ”1 asked him.aI asked him where thetickets are.三宾语从句的时态1、主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态例句：She says (that) she works from Mon day to Friday.她说她从周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)2、主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。例句：He said the

6、re were no classes yesterday after noon.他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby.他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)3、当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也 用一般现在时态。例句：The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it.老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。She said(that) her fathe

7、r is twenty-eight years older than her.她说她父亲比她大二十八岁He said that light travels much faster than sound.他说光比声音传播得快。注意：当主句的谓语动词是think或believe，宾语从句要表达否定时，要把从 句的否定转移到主句上。I dont think he is going to help you with your En glish.我认为他不会帮你学英语的。这句话不可以翻译成：I think he isnt going to help you with your En glish.如果宾语

8、从句有它的补语时，宾语从句用it代替，从句后置。其句型为：主语+ 谓语+ it +补语+宾语从句。I think it necessary that we learn English grammar.四.宾语从句的that在下列情况下一般不省略1. 宾语从句前有插入语。如：We hope, on the con trary, that he will stay at home with us.恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们呆在家里。2. 有间接宾语时。如：He told me that he was leav ing for Japa n.他告诉我他要去日本。3. that在与之并列的另一个宾语从

9、句之后。如：He said （that） the book was very in terest ing and that（不省略）all thechildre n like to read it.他说那本书很有趣，所有小孩都喜欢读。4. 在“ it（形式宾语）+补语”之后时。如:I thi nk it necessary that he should stay here.我们认为他有必要留在这里。5. that从句单独回答问题时。如：What did he hear?他听说了什么事？That Kate had passed the exam.（他听说）凯特考试及格了。6. 在except等介

10、词后。如：He has no special fault except that he smokes too much.他除了抽烟太多之外，没有什么特别的毛病。7. 位于句首时。如：That our team will win, I believe.我相信我们队会赢。8. 在较为正式或不常用的动词（如reply, object）后。如：He replied that he disagreed.他回答说他不同意。为我们学习英语语法是必要的宾语从句的专项练习、选择最恰当的答案。( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said A. if you are free the next

11、 weekC. the weather is fine( ) 2. Tom asked my friend .A. where was he from moonB. what colour was itD. summer comes after springB. that the earth is bigger than theC. when did he come backD. not to be so angryB. how much does the car costD. how much I spent on the carD. when they will leave for Par

12、isB. who you are waiting forD. where you live inB. why did she leaveD. why had she leftC. rises D. had risen( ) 3. Let me tell you .A. how much is the carC. how much did I pay for the car( ) 4. Peter knew A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 1

13、2 months in a year( ) 5. Could you tell me ?A. where do you liveC. who were you waiting for( ) 6. I cant understand the boy alone.A. why she leftC. why she had left( ) 7. She told me the sun in the east.A. riseB. rose() 8.I dont know up so early last Sunday.got( ) 9. The manager came up to seeA. wha

14、t was the matterB. what the matter wasC. what the matter is( ) 10. He asked his father A. where it happensC. how it happenedD. whats the matterB. where did it happenD. how did it happen( ) 11. No one tells us, so we need your help.A. how we should doB. what should we doC. how to do itD. what to do i

15、t( ) 12. Could you please teach me the computer.A. how check checkingB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how( ) 13.They dont know their parents are.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. which()14. Where do you thi nkhethe TV set? Sorry, Ive n o idea.A. /, boughtB. has, boughtC. did, buyD. did bought() 15. Our homework

16、 has changed a lot. Who can tell it would be like in fiveyears.A. how, anotheranotherB. what, moreC. how, otherD. what,() 16. Could you tell me ? Yes. He to the USA.A. where is he/ has beenB. where he is/ has goneC. where is heD. where he gone() 17. Mike wants to know if a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But

17、if it , well visit the museum instead.A. you have/ will rainB. you will have/ will rainC. you will have/ rainsD. will you have/ rains) 18. I really dont know if sheit when sheA. finds/ arrivesB. finds/ will arriveC. will find/ will arriveD. will find/ arrives) 19. Miss Liu saidshe would leave the me

18、ssage on t he headmaster s desk.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what) 20. He asked meA. who will kick the first goal in the World CupB. when was the APEC meeting heldC. when China became a member of the WTOD. where the 2008 Olympics will be heldWho Moved My Cheese was) 21. In the bookshop, a reader asked

19、the shopkeeperan interesting book.A. thatB. howC. whatD. if) 22. You must rememberA. what your teacher saidB. what did your teacher sayC. your teacher said whatD. what has your teacher said) 23. I don t knowA. which room I can liveB. which room can I liveC. which room I can live inD. which room can

20、I live in) 24.-Do you know when heback?-Sorry, I don t. When heback, I ll tell you.A. comes; comesB. comes; will comeC. will come; comesD. will come; will come( ) 25 The girls asked if they some food and drink with them.D. will takeA. tookB. takeC. takes( ) 26. Mary said that she to Guangzhou.D. had

21、 neverA. has never goneB. had never goneC. has never beenbeen( ) 27 The students want to know whether they a PE class today.D. areA. hadB. hasC. will have( ) 28. Can you tell me you were born, Betty?D. thatA. whoB. whatC. when( ) 29 .I dont know they have passed the exam.D. whereA. whatB. ifC. when( ) 30. Do you know they listened to yesterday evening?A. whatB. whenC whyhow二、用合适的连接词填空