英语必修四同步导学精品

1、.,1,.,2,Unit 2,Working the land,Section Learning about Language,.,3,.,4,语 法 精 讲,.,5,情态动词() 动词ing形式作主语和宾语,.,6,自 主 预 习,.,7,用所给词的适当形式填空，并说明其在句中充当的成分。 1Since then，_ (find) ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.(主语) 2As a young man，he saw the great need for _ (increase) the rice output.(介词的宾语) 3Y

2、uan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without _ ( expand) the area of the fields.(介词的宾语) 4However，he doesnt care about _ (be) famous.(介词的宾语),finding,increasing,expanding,being,.,8,5He enjoys _ (listen) to violin music，_(play) mahjong，swimming and reading.(宾语) 6_ (spend) money on

3、himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.(主语) 7Just _ (dream) for things，however，costs nothing.(主语) 8He awoke from his dream with the hope of _ (produce) a kind of rice that could feed more people.(介词的宾语),listening,playing,Spending,dreaming,producing,.,9,合 作 探 究,.,10,语法精点

4、一、基础点拨 (一)动词ing形式在句子中可以作主语、定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语,.,11,1动词ing形式在时态上分为一般式和完成式。 一般式表示动词ing的动作和谓语动词的动作同时进行如下面例；完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作如下面例。 She enjoys playing the piano. 她喜欢弹钢琴。 He was praised for having done a good deed. 他因做了好事而受到表扬。,.,12,2动词ing形式在语态上分为主动式和被动式。 主动式表示它的逻辑主语是ing分词的动作执行者，如下面例；被动式表示它的逻辑主语是ing分词的动

5、作承受者，如下面例。 He insisted on sending her to hospital. 他坚持要把她送到医院去。 He insisted on being sent to work in the countryside. 他坚持要被派到乡下去工作。,.,13,单句改错。 The building building (which is being built) there will be used as a library. 第二个buildingbeing built Being risen in the east，the sun looks beautiful. Being r

6、isenRising 完成句子。 _，they came into the room. 他们说着笑着走进了房间。 _ her address，we cant get in touch with her. 不知道她的地址，我们无法与她取得联系。,Talking and laughing,Not knowing,.,14,(二)动词ing的形式作主语 1动词ing形式作主语时，多表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词多用单数形式。 Laughing often will benefit you a lot. 笑口常开好处多多。 Having lived abroad for a long time m

7、akes him homesick. 在国外生活了很久令他想家。,.,15,2形式主语it代替动词ing形式作主语的常见结构： (1)It isadj.doing sth. It is/feels funny doing sth.做某事(感觉)很滑稽。 It is useless doing sth.做某事无用 Its worthwhile doing sth.做某事是值得的 (2)It is a waste ofn.doing sth. Its a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间 (3)It is non.doing sth. Its no good/no

8、use/no fun doing sth. 做某事没好处/没用/没意思,.,16,(4)There benodoing(joking/knowing.) It is useless making such efforts. 做这样的努力是没用的。 It is a waste of time doing such work. 做这样的工作是浪费时间。 It is no good saying such words. 说那样的话没有好处。 There is no knowing how the project will be carried out. 不知道这个工程将如何实施。,.,17,_ th

9、e mean man. 和这个吝啬的人争辩是没用的。 _ just _ doing nothing. 什么都不做，只是待在家里没意思。 There is _ how the project will be carried out. 不知道这个工程将如何实施。 _ my favourite sport. 游泳是我最喜欢的一项运动。 Seeing is believing.(英译汉) _。,It is useless/no use arguing with,It is no fun,staying at home,no knowing,Swimming is,眼见为实,.,18,(三)动词ing形

10、式作宾语 1在admit，avoid，consider(考虑)，enjoy，escape，excuse，finish，imagine，mind，miss，practise，suggest，delay，appreciate等动词之后只能用动词ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式。 He finally admitted having made such a mistake. 他终于承认犯了那样的错误。 The little girl practises playing the piano everyday. 这个小女孩每天练习弹钢琴。,.,19,2在动词短语give up，put off，get to

11、(着手)，object to，look forward to，devote oneself to，cant help(禁不住)，cant bear/stand等之后用动词ing形式作宾语。 Im looking forward to hearing from you. 我盼望着收到你的来信。 He devotes himself to looking into the matter. 他致力于调查这件事。,.,20,.,21,用所给词的适当形式填空。 Im looking forward to _ (hear) from you. He devotes himself to _ (look)

12、into the matter. He finally admitted _ (make) such a mistake. She likes spending much money _ (buy)clothes for herself.,hearing,looking,making,buying,.,22,二、难点突破 (一)某些动词及动词短语后面既可以用不定式也可以用动词ing作宾语 1动词begin，start，continue等后既可跟不定式，又可跟动词ing作宾语，意义基本相同。 They continued reading/to read . 他们继续朗读。,.,23,2动词lov

13、e，like，hate等后可跟动词ing和不定式作宾语，但接动名词表示经常性的情况，接不定式表示具体的动作。 I hate walking in such a rainy day.(习惯) 我不喜欢在这样的雨天里散步。 I hate to trouble you.(动作) 我真不愿麻烦你。 3一些动词后既可跟动词ing作宾语，又可跟不定式作宾语，但意义有很大差别。,.,24,.,25,.,26,I remembered locking the door.(记着事情做了) 我记着锁门了。 When you leave the house，please remember to lock the d

14、oor.(记着去做) 你离开家时，记着锁门。,.,27,4在need，want，require，demand后用动词ing的主动形式表示被动(need/want/require/demand doing need/want/require/demand to be done). The cottage needs repairing.The cottage needs to be repaired. 这所农舍需要修理。 The letter demands answering at once. The letter demands to be answered at once. 需要立刻回复这

15、封信。,.,28,(二)动词ing形式作宾语时，省掉介词的常见结构 spend.(in) doing花费做某事 have difficulty/trouble(in)doing.做有困难/麻烦 stop/prevent.(from) doing阻止做某事 waste time(in)doing浪费时间做某事 be busy(in) doing忙于做某事 have a good/hard time(in)doing做某事高兴/费了很大劲 *He is usually busy managing his shop. 他通常忙于经营商店。,.,29,(三)动词ing的复合结构 1动词ing的复合结构

16、作主语。 His being late again made his boss very angry. 他的又一次迟到令他的老板很生气。 Marys winning the game made her parents proud of her. 玛丽赢得这场比赛让她的父母以她为傲。,.,30,2动名词的复合结构作宾语。 He made an apology for his/him telling lies to the public. 他因向公众撒谎而道歉。 Outside the classroom，we could hear the noise of the desks being ope

17、ned and closed. 在教室外，我们能够听到课桌被打开及关闭的声音。,.,31,.,32,The chairman of the meeting was angry at Johns/John being absent from the meeting. 会议主席因约翰的缺席而生气。,.,33,Jerrys not arriving on time made people present angry. 杰里未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。 Not knowing what has happened to his daughter makes the father upset. 不知道女儿发生了什么使得这位父