冬季大棚管理措施

1、冬季大棚管理措施2011-11-18 10:44:00来源：甘肃农民报一、遭遇严寒寒流侵袭 易给深冬大棚蔬菜造成严重损害，遭遇严寒时可采取以下方法应急，一是多层覆盖，可在草苫上再盖一层薄膜，也可在棚内再套棚，以增加保温效果；二是提早在棚外挖防寒沟，可提高棚内温度23度，另外要特别注意在寒流来临前，喷一遍药物防冻害。不要大浇水，冬天水温太低，浇后遇到寒流变天时如棚中不见光，棚温低，地温难以恢复，会造成蔬菜烂根，死棵或沤根和导致各种病害的流行蔓延。二、遇到连阴时 若遇到连阴天气，只要温度不是太低，就要揭开草帘。若有短时间露出太阳，棚室内温度就会升高。在温室内后墙上张挂反光幕，阴天时也会起到增光和提

2、温的作用。冬季阴天较多时应提早覆盖地膜，能提高地温，减少低温冻害的发生。冬季温室内的温度要保持在12以上，温度过低时，可采取电力加热、煤炉加热等增温措施。待添加的隐藏文字内容3三、遇到降雪天气时 白天下雪时不必盖草苫，雪停后立即扫去棚上的积雪，下午盖苫后，再在草苫上盖一层薄膜以加强保温。夜间降雪翌日雪停后要及时扫雪，保持草苫干燥，温度许可时要及时使秧苗见光。连续阴雪天气后骤然转晴，应先间隔拉苫或先拉开三分之一，并注意观察秧苗变化，发现萎蔫，立即将草苫盖好，恢复后再拉开，以防闪棚。若已造成萎蔫，应立即在叶片喷洒壮苗灵缓解，以关闭叶片气孔，使蔬菜蒸腾作用减弱，有利于植株快速改变萎蔫状态，恢复正常。

3、四、受冻后的补救 一是棚菜受冻后，不能立即闭棚升温，要使棚内温度缓慢上升，避免因温度急骤上升而使蔬菜受冻组织坏死。二是及时剪去受冻的茎叶和果实，以免组织发霉病变，引发病害。三是可用药物喷洒，确保快速康复。五、病虫危害的应急措施 大棚西红柿容易发生疫病和灰霉病，原因是长时间的低温，蔬菜长势减弱，抗性降低，病虫害容易发生。应早期发现、早期预防。霜霉病和疫病用72%克霜氰、64%杀毒矾800倍喷雾；灰霉病用50%扑海因、施美特或速克灵600倍喷雾，每隔7天10天防治一次。预防病害发生还要叶面喷施植物生长调节剂，增强植株抗寒抗病能力。如遇阴天，尽量采用烟剂或粉尘进行防病，以减小棚内湿度，避免病害发生。

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