小升初英语总复习第四章动词和时态第一节动词课件课件

1、第四章 动词和时态 第一节 动 词 知识梳理 一、动词的概念与分类 动词是句子中表示动作或者状态的词。根据动词 的词义和在句中的作用，可以将动词划分为如下几类： 二、动词的基本形式 1. 情态动词:没有人称和数的变化，后面接动 词原形。 如： I can play basketball well. Mike can speak Chinese. 2. be动词:根据人称和时态的不同，呈现不同 形式。 如：现在时： I am very happy today. Mike is an American boy. They are playing in the snow. 过去时： He was i

2、n Grade 3 last year. We were at home yesterday. 将来时： There will be a match between Class 1and Class 2 tomorrow. 3. 助动词:不能单独在句中使用，在句中的作 用是帮助构成否定、疑问等句式。 如： We do not (dont) have classes on Saturdays. My father does not (doesnt) work in the hospital. Did you go swimming last weekend? 4. 实义动词:小学阶段所学的实义动

3、词有四种形 式，即动词原形、第三人称单数形式、现在分词形 式(动词的ing形式)和过去式形式。 如: (1)动词第三人称单数形式的构成 一般情况下，在动词词尾加 s。如：work works，looklooks，wantwants 以ch, sh, s, x, o结尾的动词，在词尾加es。 如：teachteaches，washwashes，dress(装 扮)dresses，fix(安装)fixes，gogoes 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i，再加 es。如：flyflies，crycries 【注】playplays, buybuys 不规则变化。如：havehas，beis (2)

4、动词现在分词形式的构成 一般情况下，在动词词尾加 ing。如：go going，playplaying 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加ing。 如：writewriting，comecoming 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音 字母的动词，双写最后这个辅音字母再加 ing。 如：runrunning，swimswimming，shop shopping 以ie结尾的动词，将ie改为y，再加ing。如： diedying，lielying (3)动词过去式的构成 一般情况下，在动词词尾加 ed。如： workworked，playplayed等 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，在词尾加d

5、。 如：closeclosed，arrivearrived 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i，再加 ed。如：crycried，studystudied 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音 字母的动词，双写最后这个辅音字母再加 ed。 如：stopstopped，dropdropped 动词的不规则变化(见下表) 考点精析 考点1 考查动词的变化形式 【例1】根据句意和单词首字母提示填写动词，并注 意其动词的形式。 1.Can you s English songs? 2.She usually g to school at 7:00. 3.Look!Amy is w TV. 4.I c

6、my room last night. 解析:本题考查动词基本形式的写法和用法。在做 此题时，不仅要考虑主语的人称，还要注意句子的时态， 这样才能根据句意和首字母提示填写出动词的正确形式。 第1小题应填写动词原形sing，因为情态动词can后要加 动词原形。第2小题的主语是第三人称，句子又是陈述 习惯性的动作。谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式 goes。 第3小题中的look一词提示了本题要用现在进行时，所以 要用现在分词watching。第4题由last night 这一时间状语 可知本题要用一般过去时，所以谓语动词应填过去式 cleaned。 答案： 1. sing 2. goes 3. w

7、atching 4. cleaned 举一反三 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.The cat _ (run) around the tree. 2.They are _(clean) their classroom. 3.I _(have) a cold last week. 4.Dont _ (talk) loudly in the library. 5.My mother _(make) a big cake last month. 6.What _(do) she do last night? 7.My aunt often _ (go) shopping on Sundays. 8.

8、Sarah _(buy) a red bag yesterday. runs cleaning had talk made did goes bought 考点2 考查助动词、be动词的使用 【例2】 选择适当的助动词填空。 1. He not do homework on Friday evening. 2. you have crayons? 3. Tom not read English this morning. 解析: 本题考查学生对助动词 do的三种形式的正 确运用。第1小题中on Friday evening 是常态，用一般 现在时，而主语he 是三单形式，所以用一般现在时的 三

9、单形式 does; 第2小题 you 是非三单形式，用do；第 3小题中this morning 表示过去的时间，且过去式不受 人称影响，故用did。 答案：1. does 2. Do 3. did 举一反三 1. 用be动词的适当形式填空。 (1) I _ in Grade Six this year. Last year ， I _ in Grade Five. (2) There _ many tall buildings here now. Twenty years ago， there _ some small houses. (3) Mike and Jack _ twin bro

10、thers. They look the same. (4) I want to _ a teacher in the future. 2. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 (1) _(will) you like some tea ？ (2) _ (do) he watch TV last night ？ am was are were are be Would Did 考点3 考查情态动词的使用 【例3】单项填空。 ( )He _ read the book now. A.is can B.cans C. can 解析:本题考查情态动词的正确使用。情态动词 can的用法很容易混淆。can和be

11、动词或其他的助动词 不能同时出现在句中；can不受人称的影响，故不存 在cans的形式；在本题中还要分析清楚， now不表示 现在进行时。 答案：C 举一反三 1. 选词填空。 (1)_ I use your pen ？ (2)What _ I do then ？ (3)You _ be a middle school student. (4)We _ do something for Grandpa Li. (5) _ we go now？ Shall May/Can should must can 2. 按要求完成下列各题。 (1) I can speak Chinese and Engl

12、ish well. ( 改成否定 句) _ (2) 当你想提醒朋友，让他周末要帮助妈妈做家务 时，你可以说： _ _ (3) 你想告诉想要闯红灯的人，红灯必须停，你应 该说： _ You must stop at a red light. I cant speak Chinese or English well. You should do some housework for your mother on weekends. 考点4 考查动词的综合运用 【例4】用read的适当形式填空。 1. You can (read) the book in the library. 2. She (r

13、ead) a book now. 3. Can I (read) this book now? 4. My father (read) newspapers every morning. 5. Did you （read）the comic book? Yes, I （read）it yesterday. 解析:本题围绕一个词read 展开，考查了不同时态、 不同人称情况下，实义动词的用法。第 1小题中can+ 原形动词；第2小题now表示的是现在，体现现在进行 时，she 是三单形式，故而 be+动词的ing形式是本小 题需要的答案；第3小题不管后面出现什么，can+原 形动词；第4小题ev

14、ery morning 体现一般现在时，而 my father是第三人称，故而动词要用三单形式；第 5 小题did 之后加动词原形，答句中用过去式形式 , read 的过去式和原形同形。 答案:1. read 2. is reading 3. read 4. reads 5. read; read 举一反三 1. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 (1) We _(like) music. Now we _ (sing). (2) Lets _(go) to the cinema. (3) He _(is) ill yesterday. (4) Can you _clean) the table n

15、ow ？ (5) Do you _ (go) to the park on Saturdays ？ like are singing go was clean go 2. 单项填空。 ( ) (1) What did he _ yesterday? A.do B.does C.did ( ) (2) He is _ with his friend. A.talked B.talking C.talks A B ( ) (3) How is he feeling?He _ better. A.feels B.is feel C.is feeling ( ) (4) What are you do

16、ing?Im _ dinner. A.cook B.cooks C.cooking ( ) (5) Dont _ TV. A.watch B.watching C.watches A C A 过关检测 一、按要求改写下列单词。 1.have（第三人称单数形式）_ 2.do（现在分词）_ 3.slept（动词原形）_ 4.take（动词过去式）_ has doing sleep took e（反义词）_ 6.wash（第三人称单数形式）_ 7.driver（动词形式） _ 8.write（动词过去式）_ 9.sit（动词过去式）_ 10.told（动词原形）_ go washes drive w

17、rote sat tell 二、选词填空，将下列短文补充完整。 My name is Sarah.I 1._an American girl but I 2._ in Guangzhou with my parents now. My father is a teacher.He 3._English.He likes 4._ pictures. Usually myfather 5._ to work by car,but yesterday he 6. _ by bus.My mother is a nurse.She 7._ in a big hospital. She often 8.

18、_ to work.She 9._ playing baseball very much.We often 10._ it together. am live teaches drawing goes went works walks likes play 三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. _(be) these your shoes? 2. I can _(play) football every day. 3. I want to _(buy) some flowers for my mother. 4. Listen!Who is _(sing) over there? 5. He

19、_(do) morning exercises every morning. 6. _ your mother _(wash) the clothes every day? 7. He _(not teach) English in our school. 8. He _(leave) his homework at home this Are play buy singing does wash Does doesnt teach left 9. Where _(be) the twins last night? 10. Can I _(watch) TV now? 11. My fathe

20、r likes _(collect) stamps. 12. Joes aunt _(work) in a factory last year. 13. We should _(help) each other. 14. The sun _(rise) in the east. 15. No _(smoke)! 16. _(have) this orange, please. 17. She _(stay) at home today. 18. Jack is good at _(run), and he is _(run) on the playground now. were watch

21、collecting worked help rises smoking Have stays running running 四、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Last term we _(have) eight subjects. We all _(study) very hard. 2. They _(go) to the park next Friday. 3. Its 10:00 in the morning. The pupils _(have) lessons in the classrooms now. had studied will go / are going

22、are having 4. My mother _(go) shopping in the morning and _(take) exercise in the afternoon every day. 5. It _(be) always rainy and foggy last weekend, but this week it _(be) much _(good). 6. My brother and my sister _(be not) in China last year. They _(go) to England to _(study) English. goes takes

23、 was is better werent went study 7. Listen! Who _(sing)? Oh, this is Miss Green. She always _(sing) and _(dance) in the music room after school. Next Monday she _ (sing) for us in class. 8. _ your friends _(come) to your birthday party yesterday? Yes, and they _(give) me a lot of birthday presents.

24、is singing sings dances will/is going to sing Did come gave 五、单项填空。 ( )1. Can I _ your bike? Sure. A. ride B. riding C. to ride ( )2. My father _ a new car. He _ it very much. A. have; like B. has; likes C. has; like A B ( )3. _ he often _ his homework at school? A. Does; do B. Does; does C. Do; doe

25、s ( )4. What is she doing? She _. A. sings B. will dance C. is tidying her room ( )5. I want to go _. A. swim B. to swimming C. swimming A C C ( )6. The sun _ down in the west. A. go B. is going to C. goes ( )7. Mary often helps her mum _ the dishes. A. does B. do C. doing ( )8. I enjoy _ to music.

26、A. listen B. listening C. listened C B B ( )9. Father _ on his coat and went out. A. puts B. put C. putting ( )10. I _ to the teacher, but I didnt _ him. A. listen; heard B. listened; heard C. listened; hear ( )11. He _ after he finishes his homework. A. plays B. is going to play C. played B C B ( )12. What _ you _ last weekend? A. will; do B. does; do C. did; do ( )13. Tony _ to school by bike last year. A. goes B. went C. will go ( )14. Mr Smith _ to see you in an hour. A. came B. comes C. will come C B C ( )15. How soon _ they _ ba