2018版第1部分专题1类型3科普知识

1、类型3|科普知识 考查要点 方法技巧 1.科学现象、概念、定义、类别等。 1.理清说明顺序：时间、空间、逻辑顺 2.事物的性质、特点、原理、用途 序。 等。 2.把握文章结构：并列式、承接式、 3.事物或现象产生的原因、过程、 递进式、总分式。 演变。 3.认清说明方法：下定义、举事例、 4.相似事物间的异同。 作比较、打比方等。 经典案例分析 car has the （2017 全国卷n C）Terrafugia In c.said Mon day that its new flyi ng compieted its first flight, bringing the company cl

2、oser to its goal of selling :十 g & ： flying car within the next year.The vehicle named the Transition has two seats four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be drive n like a car.The Tran sition which flew at 1 , 400 feet for eight minutes last month , can reach around 70 miles per hour on the r

3、oad and 115 in the air.It flies using a 23- gall on tank of gas and burns 5 gall ons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gall on. Around 100 people have already put down a$10, 000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafug

4、ia introduces the Transition to the p ublic later this week at the New York Auto Show.But dont expect it to show up in too many drivewaysts expected to cost $279, 000.And it wont help if youre stuck in traffic.The car n eeds a run way. Inven tors have bee n trying to make flying cars since the 1930s

5、, accordi ng to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert.But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality.The government has already permitted the company to use sp ecial materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.The Tran siti on is now going through

6、crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety sta ndards. Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviati on Admi ni stratio ns decisi on five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes.Terrafugia says an o

7、wner would need to pass a test and compiete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition , a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。Terrafugia公司研制出飞行汽车并成功进行了 第一次飞行，使飞行汽车成为现实更进 【长难句解读】The Tran siti on, which flew at 1，400 feet for eight minu tes last mon t

8、h, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. 分析句中which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为The Tran sition。 译文飞行汽车Tran sition上个月在1 400英尺的高度飞行了 8分钟，它在公路上的行 驶速度能达到每小时70英里，在空中能达到每小时115英里。 1. What is the first p aragra ph mainly about? The basic data of the Tran siti on. The adva ntages of flying car

9、s. 2. C. The poten tial market for flying cars. The desig ners of the Tran siti on. 考查主旨大意，命题点为飞行汽车的基本状况。根据第一段中提到飞行汽车的两个 座位、四个轮子以及车翼、飞行速度、油耗等情况可知，该段是在介绍飞行汽车 Tran sition的基本数据，故选A项。 Why is the Tran siti on un likely to show up in too many driveways? It causes traffic jams. It is difficult to op erate.

10、 C. It is very expen sive. It burns too much fuel. 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 But dont expect it to show up in too many driveways. Its expected to cost $279, 000”可知，此款汽车不能推广的主要原因是它太贵了，故 选C项。 3. What is the gover nmen ts attitude to the devel opment of the flyi ng car? A. Cautious. B. Favorable. C. Ambiguous. D.

11、 Disapproving. 7 考查推理判断。根据第三段 The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.”中的 permit 可知, 政府对此持 支持的态度,故选B项。 4. What is the best title for the text? Flyi ng Car at Auto Show The Tran siti ons First Flight C. P ilots Dream Coming Tr

12、ue Flyi ng Car Closer to Reality 考查主旨大意。根据本文的第一句 “Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has comp leted its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selli ng the flying car within the next year”可知，Terrafugia公司飞行汽车成功进行了第一次飞行，从而 使飞行汽车更加接近现实，故选D项。 题材对点训练 (2017 济南市模拟)A Euro

13、pean Un io n p rogram is lett ing bli nd people exp erie nee famous paintings for the first time. It uses three-dimensional (3-D) printing to recreate famous pain ti ngs so they can be touched. One pain ti ng prin ted with the new tech no logy is Gustav Klimts“ The Kiss” . It is a popular attraction

14、 at the Belvedere Museum in Vienna, Austria. The painting shows a man and a woma n sta nding in a field filled with flowers. They are weari ng gold robes and have their arms around each other. The man lea ns dow n to kiss the woma n. Klimt fini shed the pain ti ng in 1908. Un til now, people who had

15、 trouble see ing could not app reciate the artwork. But tha nks to the rep roducti on they can touch the pi ece and feel the ridges and dep ressi ons. An dreas Reich in ger started making 3- versi ons of artwork in 2010. He said this reproduction was his most difficult project becausethe couples rob

16、es are so detailed. Dominika Raditsch is a blind museum visitor. She touched the reproduction. As she moved her hands around it she said, Exactly, can you see these? There are so man etails.” Raditsch said she could imagi ne what the origi nal painting looks like whe n she touched the reproduction.

17、“Its somehow round. You can feel it. You can feel it. It comes with it. And in many p laces its so smooth. And the n I th ink to myself: it p robably shi nes too !” Raditsch said. The Belvedere is not the on ly museum to have 3D versi ons of its artwork. Some of thepieces at the Prado Museum, in Mad

18、rid， Spain have reproductions that can be touched. But the piece in Vienna has one special part: it is made with widely available 3-D printing technology. That means one day, blind art fans anywhere in the world could download the source files and print the reproductions themselves. 语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文

19、章讲述了欧盟的一个项目使用 3D 打印技术重现 名画，让它们可以被视障人士触摸到。 1 What is “The Kiss ” A A European Union project. 2 3 B C D A popular painting. A 3-D technology. A famous museum. 考查细节理解。从文章第二段的 “One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimts The Kiss It is a popular attraction. ”可知 ，吻是一幅深受欢 迎的画作。故选 B 项。 Wh

20、y did Reichinger say this reproduction was difficult to finish? A C D The painting was reproduced detailedly. B The original artwork was made in 1908. Blind art fans cant download the source. The 3-D technology is not available. 考查细节理解。从文章第三段的最后一句“He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couples robes are so detailed.”可知,Andreas Reichinger 说吻他