2018语法填空解题思路及高效备考题解2

1、2018语法填空解题思路及高效备考题解 语法填空解题备考思路思维导图 无提示词: 13 阐释说明： 1. 冠词名词之前，泛指 a/an特指：the 2. 介词要牢记搭配，注意有些介词的小词大意” 3. 代词（人称代词，不定代词，反身代词，形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词） it代词的用法（指代上文事物，形式主语，形式宾语，强调句型。） 4. 连词 主要有but（但是）,yet（可是）,while（而，却）等 主要or （或者，还是，否则）,either, or,（不是,就是,）,neither, or,（既 并列连词： 一、表转折的并列连词 二、表选择的并列连词 不，也不,）,otherwis

2、e （要不然）等。 三、表联合的并列连词主要有 and, not only, but also,（不但，而且，）,when（=and just at this time就在这时）等。 四、 表因果的并列连词主要有for（因为）,so（因此）等。 从属连词一般用在主从复合句里边，即有主句，有从句。 一般用在三大从句中（定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句） 厂名词：单复数，所有格，词性转换 动词：缺少谓语就是考查时态语态，缺少非谓语就是 有提示词: to do/ doing/ done ,还有主谓一致问题。 代词：人称代词，（形容词性、名词性）物主代词，反 身代词，关系代词。 形容词、副词：考查原级、

3、比较级，最高级，以及形 容词副词直接的词性转换，或反义词转换。 语法填空题设空设空大致有如下特点： 冠词、介词、连词、代词、助动词、固定搭配等 谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词等。 数词：序数词、基数词 备考思路文字版： 无提示词一般考查： 有提示词一般考查： 具体策略： （一） 、给出动词基本形态，填写词性词形转化（转为名词、形容词），或填写谓语部分，或 是填写非谓语动词； 词性的变化，如名词、动词、形容词、副词之间的转化，名词的复数形 需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写 填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词; 很可能是填冠词、 （二）、给出词语， 式，给出形

4、容词， 反义词（前缀）； （三）、给出副词， （四） 、不给词语填写限定词的时候，很可能是填冠词、人称代词主格宾格形式，物主代词、 反身代词的单复数形式。形容词性物主代词或some、any、other、another等限定词；有 的名词前有限定词，比如：序数词，形容词的最高级等，其前用定冠词。 高效备考分类题解： 一、考查词形转换 1. He must be （mental） disabled. (warm), and tha nked his stude nt very much 2. His teacher took a dee p drink, smiled for the sweet

5、water. 3. We drank together and talked （merry） till far into the night. 4. One Sun day morning in August I went to a local musical festival. I left it early because I had an appointment （late） that day. 5. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their （nature） course. 6. But Jane knew fro

6、m p ast exp erie nee that her （choose） of ties hardly ever pl eased her father. 7. Mary felt (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. 8. “ Thatwould be a very (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said. 9. “ But such a small thing

7、 couldn (possible) destroy a village. 二、考查非谓语动词 (sit) at 1. He spit it out, (say) it was awful. 2.1 got on the bus and found a seat n ear the back, and the n I no ticed a man the front. 3. He sudde niy app eared in class one day, (wear) sun glasses. 4. “ Inthe beginning, there was only a very small

8、amount of unfairness in the world, but every one added a little, always (thi nk) that it was only small and not very imp orta nt, and look where we have en ded up today.” 5. While she was getting me (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the (help) it grow ” i,s based on the village was ty

9、ing up his horse to my car to p ull it to a small tow n some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage. 6. For example, the proverb, “ pluckingup a crop (pl ease) as her mother, who was always delighted followi ng story. 7. She wished that he was as easy with p erfume. 三、考查谓语动词时态及语态 1. The sun was

10、 setting when my car (break) down near a remote and poor village. 2. Besides, sho pping at this time of the year was not a p leasa nt exp erie nee: people ste pped on your feet or (push) you with their elbows ( 肘部),hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. 3. He walked in as if he (buy) the school. (find)

11、 that he had run out of salt. 4. Her mother was excited. “ Yourfather has at last decided to stop smoking, Jane_ (in form). 5. Sudde nIy, he 四、考查形容词或副词的比较级 1. The teacher rep lied, “ Youtasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing c

12、ould be (sweet). ” 2. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to t stop the kids in the class. “ grow ” (high). 3. It might have made it a little turn around, but that did n 高效备考时态语态题解： 1.Silk(become

13、) one of the p rimary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.(浙江真题) 2. Is P eter coming? No,he (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.(重庆真题 ) 3. The stude nts have bee n work ing hard on their less ons and their efforts (reward) with success in the end.(北京真题 ) 4. More exp

14、ressways (build) in Sichua n soon to pro mote the local economy.(四川真题) 5. Dashan,who (learn) crosstalk,the Chinese comedic tradition,for decades,wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.( 江苏真题 ) 6. Whe n walki ng dow n the street,I came across David, whom I (see) for years.(天津真题 ) 7. A

15、s you go through this book,you (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War n had a different experience.(湖南真题 ) 8.It is important to remember that success (be) a sum of small efforts made each day and often (take) years to achieve.(湖南真题 ) 9. Excuse me,which movie are you w

16、ait ing for? The new Star Wars.We (wait) here for more than two hours.( 北京真题 ) 新课标近年真题体验： 3_(p rocess) the food that fat and salt _4 result, people will Passage 1 (2017 全国 I )There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.This tren d,which was start

17、ed by the medical com muni ty( 医学界) 1_ a method of fighting heart disease,has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical com mun ity was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very imp orta nt p arts of a diet.They are required we eat,to recover fro

18、m injury and for several other bodily functions.When (remove) from food,the food tastes as if it is miss ing someth in g.As5 7 (be) full of 8_(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat tha n they n eed in eat more food to try to make up for that someth ing missi ng. Even 6 (bad),the amou

19、nt of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food fat and salt;by their diet. Having eno ugh fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to sn ack( 吃点心)betwee n meals and will improve the taste of your food.However,be 9 (care) not to go to extremes.Like anythin g,it is p ossible to have too muc

20、h of both, 10 is not good for the health. 2016全国I阅读下面材料在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chengdu has d ozens of new millionaires, Asia s biggest buildings, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pan das are its top_1_(attract). So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not for pro

21、fit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_2_(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the600 acre centre.From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be_3_(official)give n to me at a ceremony inLondon .But my conn ecti on with pan das goes back 4_mydays on a T

22、V show in the mid 1980s, _5_I was the first Western TV reporter_6_(p ermit)to film a sp ecial un it cari ng for pan das rescued from starvati on in the wild.Myambassadorial duties will include_7_(introduce) British visitors tothe 120 plus pan das atChe ngdu and others at a research in the misty moun

23、tains of Bifen gxia. On my recent visit, I held alively three month old twin that hadbee n rejected by_8_(it) mother.The nu rsery team switches him everyfew_9_( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle fed, _10_otheris with mum she never suspects. 2018语法填空解题思路及高效备考题解参考答案 ,当拿到一篇语 ，那么，我

24、试填空 北京大学状兀学子谈语法填空解题策略 要做好语篇填空这一类型的题目，首先需要大家平时记忆单词的时候最好要结合词语的各 种词性一块记忆。比如，interest（名词的意思是 有趣”作为动词时是 对感兴趣”这个 简单的词汇，记忆的时候要同时掌握其形容词以及副词等形式。这是大家正确选择合适单 词形式的基础。其次，我一直觉得有好的做题步骤十分关键。以我自己为例 ,从句子结构的完整性去分析思考 ,以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体 在解题过程中要先易后难，在大部分空格填好后，再经 最后，当所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍 这样这个大题就基本完成啦。 法填空题的短文时，我要先通读全文，把握大

25、意。既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法 们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，这一步非常重要。第二步要结合语境 格。读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境 空格处所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的结构和意义 要填的单词和所填单词的正确形式。 过仔细推敲，难题也就不会再难了。 以确保没有笔误等低级错误的存在。 高效备考分类题解： 参考答案 1. men tally 2.warmly 3.merrily 4.later 5. natural 6. choice7. pl eased 8.reas on able 9.po ssibly 参考答案 1-7 say ing sitt ing weari

26、 ng thinking settled to help to pl ease 参考答案 1-5 broke n pu shed had bought was in formed found 参考答案 1-3 sweeter higher harder 高效备考混合题解： 1.Silk（become） one of the p rimary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.（浙江真题）【答案】had become【解析】本题考查动词的时态。句意：到约公元 前100年时,丝绸就已成为丝绸之路沿线交易的主要货物之一。by表示 到某一

27、时间为止”， 是完成时的标志。根据句意此处应用过去完成时。【高手悟道】动词时态的解题思路：定 时” 一一根据题干内容，确定动作发生的时间是过去、现在还是将来；定体”一一住显性 或隐性的时间信息，确定考查的是一般体、进行体、完成体还是完成进行体；定法”一-结 合题干语境，考虑时间的具体用法或特殊用法，对号入座。 2. Is P eter coming? No，he（change） his mind after a phone call at the last minute.（重庆真题 ） 【答案】changed【解析】本题考查动词的时态。句意：一一彼得会来吗?不来了，刚 才接到一个电话之后他改变

28、主意了。根据句子的时间状语after a phone call at the last minute可知，彼得改变主意是过去发生的动作，是回答问题者的回忆内容，因此应该用一般 过去时。 3. The stude nts have bee n work ing hard on their less ons and their efforts （reward） with success in the end.（北京真题 ）【答案】 will be rewarded 【解析】 本题考查动词的时态和语态。句意：学生们一直在努力学习功课，他们的付出最 终会收获成功的。根据题干内容，前半句用现在完成进行时

29、，表示学生一直在努力，后半句中 的时间状语in the end是一般将来时的提示，且efforts与reward为被动关系。 ，分析判断时，需注意并列句之间的 【高手悟道】高考中有时利用并列句的语境考查时态 Sichua n soon to pro mote the local 本题考查动词的时态与语态。句意 ： soon 动作发生先后的具体语境。 4. More expressways (build) in economy.(四川真题)【答案】 will be built【解析】 为了促进当地的经济发展，在四川很快将会修建更多的高速公路。从该句的时间状语! 可以得知要用将来时态；并且高速公路

30、是被修建”因此要用被动语态。结合以上两点可以 得知该句要用将来时态的被动语态 ，即will be built。 5. Dashan,who (learn) crosstalk,the Chinese comedic tradition,for decades,wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.( 江苏真题) 【答案】 has bee n lear ning 【解析】本题考查动词的时态。句意:大山学习相声一一中国的传统喜剧形式 一一数十年 了，他想把中国相声与西方的脱口秀融合起来。由for decades可知who引导的

31、非限制性定 语从句要用完成时，再由主句谓语动词wants可知应用现在完成进行时(has been learning)。 【高手悟道】高考中有时利用定语从句的语境考查时态，要分析好句子结构，判断哪部分 是从句，哪部分是先行词；考查的是主句的谓语动词时态，还是从句的谓语动词时态。 6. Whe nwalk ingdow nthe street,I came across David,whom I see) for years.(天津真题)【答案】hadn t seen 【解析】 本题考查动词的时态。句意：当沿街散步时，我偶遇了戴维，我们已有好几年没见 了。没见”表示的动作发生在 came acro

32、ss之前，且for years是完成时的标志，所以应用表示 过去完成的hadn t seen 7. As you go through this book,you (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War n had a different experience.(湖南真题 ) 【答案】 will find ，你就会发现那些经历过第二次世 as引导的是时间状语从句从句中 【解析】 本题考查动词的时态。句意 ：当你读这本书时 界大战的数百万人中的每一个人都有不同的经历。句中 用一般现在时代替一般将

33、来时 ，所以主句需用一般将来时。 ,在时间状语从句和条件状语从句 ，这是做题的一个依据。另外，还 ，注意动作发生的先后顺序。 (be) a sum of small efforts made each 【高手悟道】高考中有时利用状语从句的语境考查时态 中,主句使用一般将来时，从句需要使用一般现在时表将来 需注意结合主句或者从句所提供的语境 8.lt is important to remember that success (take) years to achieve.(湖南真题) day and often 【答案】is;takes 【解析】本题考查主谓一致。句意：重要的是要记住，成功是每

34、天所做的一些小小的努力 的总和，它常常需要很多年的时间才能实现。此处success是不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动 词用单数。 9. Excuse me,which movie are you wait ing for? The new Star Wars.We (wait) here for more than two hours.( 北京真题 ) 【答案】have been waiting本题考查动词的时态。句意:打扰了，你们在等着看哪部电 影呢?新版的星球大战。我们在这儿等了两个多小时了。结合句意可知 ，此处表示 一直在等待着，并且还有可能继续等下去，故用现在完成进行时(have been

35、 waiting)。 【2017真题答案与解析】 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要分析了低脂低盐的饮食方式的利弊以及这种饮食方 式对人体的影响。 1. as考查介词。as作为”是介词。此处意为作为一种与心脏病做斗争的方法”。 2. effects 考查名词的复数。effect作用”是可数名词。根据前面的some可知要用effects。 side effects 副作用”。 3. to process 考查非谓语动词。require sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事 所以填to process。 4. are removed 考查被动语态。remove是及物动词，与fat and sa

36、lt有逻辑上的动宾关系，所 以用被动语态。 5. a考查固定搭配。as a result结果“是固定搭配。 考查非谓语动词。by是介词，后接动词时要用动词-ing形式。 考查形容词。be是连系动词，后面要接形容词作表语。 care的形容词形式是 6. worse 考查比较级。根据前面的even可知,所填的词要用比较级。bad的比较级是worse。 7.is考查主谓一致。fast food是第三人称单数形式，句子是一般现在时，所以填is。 8. eati ng 9. careful ，且在从句中作主语，所以填 考查定语从句。题空处引导非限制性定语从句 careful。 10. which whi

37、ch。 【2016语篇导读】成都有许多百万富翁，亚洲最大的建筑和诱人的宾馆，但作者最喜 欢的是国宝”一一熊猫。 1. attraction考查名词的用法。空格前有形容词和物主代词，因此要用其名词形式。 2. was allowed考查动词时态。根据语境及allow sb to do sth这一固定句式可知，此处 要用一般过去时的被动语态形式。 3. officially考查副词的用法。修饰谓语动词应当用副词形式。 4. to考查固定短语。go back to为固定短语，意思是 回到，追溯到”。 when。 6. permitted考查定语从句关系副词的用法。因为句中已有谓语动词was，故此处要

38、用 非谓语动词形式。因Permit与reporter为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。 7 .in troduci ng考查动名词的用法。由句子结构可知，in troduce作谓语动词in clude的 宾语。而British visitors是introduce这一动作的承受者。故用动名词形式。 5. when考查副词的用法。由句子结构可以判断这是一个定语从句，先行词是表示时 间的in the mid 1980s,从句中缺少状语，因此填写关系副词 a lively three month old days。 8. its考查物主代词的用法。根据空格后的名词及前文中的 twin可知要用形容词

39、性物主代词。 9. days考查名词复数。few用来修饰可数名词复数，故答案为 10. the考查固定搭配中冠词的用法。由前文中的关键词twin, one可知这里考查one.the other.（ 个另一个）的用法。故答案为the。 （2015新课标全国I ） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yangshuo, China t ca It was raining lightlywhe n I_1_ （arrive） in Yan gshuo just before daw n.But I did nfewhours _2_，I d been at home inHong Kong with _3_(it) choking smog.Here ，the air was clean and fresh， even with the rain. I d skipped nearby Guilin a dream place fortourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _4_