人教版八年级下册unit3单元知识点

1、Unit3 Could you please clean your room?Section A1. Peter ,could you pleasetake out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？【解析 1】 Could you please do sth ?请你（做） .好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could 不是 can 的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答：Sorry , I cant【 2013 湖北黄冈 3】4

2、0.Could I borrow your camera? _， but please give it back by Saturday.A. I am sorryB. Of courseC. Certainly notD. No, thanks【 2013 山东菏泽 1】15.Sir , could you please put out your cigarette? This is asmoke-free（无烟的） school. _A. Im sorry about this.B. No problemC. Sure, Id love toD. Never mind【 2013 内蒙古呼

3、和浩特】 Tom , would you please _ the box? Itrssisterforyou.A. not openB. don t open C. not to openD. to not open【解析 2】 take out 取出（ v+ adv）【注】 : 跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边（）His teeth hurt badly. The dentist _.A .take out itB. take out themC. take it outD .take them out【短语】 take out the trash 倒垃圾t

4、ake a walk 散步take away 拿走，取走take back 收回take place 发生take off脱下；起飞The gift is in the box. You can take it out. Could you please _把(垃圾倒了 ) ？() Lisa, we need to clean the kitchen. Could you _ the trash? -Yes, sure.A. take afterB. take offC. take placeD. take out() _ your pen and write down what I m go

5、ing to say.A. Take awayB. Take offC. Take downD. Take out【 2013 黑龙江大庆】 6. You had better hurry or well be late for the plane. Theplane will _ in a few minutes.A. take upB. take downC. take offD. take away2. Can you do the dishes？.那你可以洗盘子吗？do the dishes 洗碗【结构 1】do the +名词：do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具 /

6、衣服【结构 2】do the +动词 -ingdo the cleaning 打扫卫生【结构 3】do one s名+词do one s housework/ homework做家务 /家庭作业【结构 4】do some +动词 -ingdo some reading/ shopping 读写书 /购物 His mother _洗(碟子 ) in a restaurant.() He helps his mother _ after every meal.A. does the dishesB. do the dishC. do the dishes D. does the dish13. C

7、ould I at least finish watching this show? 至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？【解析 1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做 .吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。Could Igo out with my classmate this weekend?【解析 2】at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反 ) at most 至少，不超过Now all of us exercise at _ least _ hour a day and outside school.A. the; aB.a; anC.不填； aD. 不填； an【解析

8、 3】 finish v 结束；完成finish doing sth 做完某事【 2013 四川雅安 4】8. Can you finish _ these books before 10 oclock? Yes, I can.A. to read B. read C. reads D. reading 4. I think two hours of TV is enough for you!我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。【解析 1】 two hours of TV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。How time is flies! Thre

9、e years _(be) really a short time.作 形 容【解析 2】 enough作 副词足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语） I don t have enough money with me.足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后）The river is deep enough for swimming.【记】 Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isn t kind enough to help others. 【注意】 enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。() In the old days ,peopl

10、e s didn t have _ to eat.A. food enoughB. enough foodC.enough for() You are not _ to take part in the match. Please work hard and try toimprove yourself.A. good enoughB. Enough goodC. well enough5. Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes?你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？【解析】 take out 拿

11、出；取出take 的用法：拿；取吃；喝；服用takePlease take some books to the classroom.Take this medicine three times a day.乘（车；船等）They usually take the bus to work.It takes me two花费hours（时间；to 金do钱my） homework every day.2【拓展】 take 构成的短语：take a walk 去散步take a rest 休息take care of 照顾take off 脱下；起飞take up 占据take down 拿下tak

12、e one s time不急；慢慢来take one s temperature量体温6. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。【解析 1】 the minute = as soon as “一. 就 .”Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析 2】 in front of指在物体外部的前面in front of【辨析】in the front ofThere is a bike in front of the class

13、room.指在物体内部的前面Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom【记】The driver sat _ the car.The policeman stood _ the car.() At last the taxi stopped _ a tall building ,and we all got off.A. in frontB. in the frontC. in front ofD. in the front of8. Do you know the girl _ is standing _ the tree? Y

14、es, she is my friend, Zhang Ying.A. that, in the front ofB. whom , underC. who, in front ofD. which, behind【广西柳州】A dog is sitting in front _ the house.A. onB. ofC. to【注意】有 the 无 the 区别大：at table 吃饭；进餐at the tabel 在桌边in hospital 住院in the hospital 在医院（不一定看病）【解析 3】 come over 过来【拓展】come 短语：come across（偶

15、然）发现come back 回来come up with 想出come true实现come down 下来come from=be from 来自 ,出生于come in/into 进入 ,进来come on 赶快 ,加油come along 走吧 ,过来 ,快点come and go来来去去come up 上来come out 出来， (花)开， (照片 )冲洗出来【 2013浙江丽水】 25. The great writer has written many stories for children. It is saidthat a new one will _ at the end

16、 of this month.A. go outB. come outC. look outD. run out【 2013 浙江宁波】 24. Scientists are trying their best to _ ways to treat the3terrible disease called H7N9.A. come up with B. look forward to C. talk about D. give up 7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！【解

17、析】 all the time= always 一直；总是() Man s understanding of nature is developing _ . It never stays at the samelevel .A. at the right timeB. for the first timeC. from time to timeD. all the time【拓展】与 time 相关的短语：on time 按时in time 及时at the same time同时form time to time 偶尔the first time 第一次at times 有时time an

18、d time again 一再；经常last time 上次 next time 下次（）We all know that the earth moves around the sun _.A. on timeB. at timesC. all the timeD. in timeI knew it was impossible for me _(按时上班 ) when I missed the last bus.【山东东营】 Tom didn t go to school _ this morning because he overslept.A. at onceB. on timeC. b

19、y accidentD. at present8. I m juast tired asyou are! 我和你一样累！【解析】 as.as . 和.一样 .【 2013 江西 1】 26. There are a small number of people involved, possibly_twenty.A. as few asB. as little asC. as many asD. as much as【 2013 安徽 1】 33. It s said that the power plant is now_ large as what it was.A. twice asB.

20、 as twiceC. twice muchD. much twice【注】比较级倍数表达句型为：倍数+as+形容词、副词原级 +as+比较对象【 2013 福建 2】 23. The famous musician, as well as his students, _ toperform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.A. were invitedB. was invitedC. have been invitedD. has been invitedas well as 之前【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。题

21、干主语中心词为介词短语的 musician， 故谓语使用单数【 2013临沂 1】21. When an earthquake happens, and you are outdoors, you should go to an open area as _ as possible.A. quicklyB. quietlyC. loudlyD. slowly56. Liu Ying is good at singing. She sings _the famous singer, CoCo.A. as well asB. as good asC. as better asD. as the b

22、est as9. For one week , she did not do any housework andneither did I.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。【解析】 neither +助动词 /系动词 /情态动词+主语“某人（主语）也不 ” neither 两者都不neithernor 既不也不 ,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定4Neither Tom nor Jim is a student【 2013 潍坊】 3. I have two sisters, but _of them is a teacher.A. allB. neitherC. bothD.

23、 none5. The teachers in that school speak either English or French, or even _.Thats so cool!A. allB. bothC. neitherD. none6. Which magazine do you like better, Crazy Reading or Teen s space?I like _of them. They are useful for English lessons.A. noneB. neitherC. allD. both【十堰】 D27. Which do you pref

24、er, a CD player or a walkman?_. I prefer a portable computer.A. BothB. Either C. NoneD. NeitherHe speaks _English _French. Instead, he speaks German.A either; orB not only; but alsoC both; andD neither; nor 表达 “ 也不 ” 则用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V 情 + 主”() The first one wasn t bad. _ .A. So wasn t t

25、he secondB. So the second wasC. Neither wasn t the secondD. Neither was the second()I don t like rainy days. _. Rainy days always make me sad.A. Neither do IB. So do IC. Neither I doD. So I do【 2013 黄石中考 1】I can t play the piano ,and _.A. neither can my sisterB. my sister can t , tooC. so can t my s

26、isterD. can my sister, either【 2013 绥化】 went to the park yesterday. _ . But I didn t see you there.A. So do IB. So did IC. Neither did I10. The next day , my mom came home from work tofind the house clean and tidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。【解析】 find +宾语 +宾语补足语【注】 find foundfound寻v找(1) find sb. doing st

27、h 发现某人做某事(2) find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很 find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难() She found _ hard to finish the work by herself.A. thatB. it sC. itD. this11. She askedin surprise.她吃惊地问道。【解析】 in surprise 惊奇地；吃惊地 surprise v 使吃惊 surprising adj. 令人吃惊的 surprised adj. 吃惊的to one s surprise使某人吃惊的

28、是5in surprise 吃惊地be surprised at 对 感到吃惊 _使(我吃惊的是）， he got the first prize in the exam.We are _at the _news.(surprise)() _his surprise, she succeeded in climbing up the high mountain.A. AtB. ToC. InD. On【 2011昭通】 I was very surprised when the alien went into a souvenir shop.A. excitedB. amazingC. rel

29、axingD. amazed12.“ I m do sorry, Mom. I finish understand thatneedwe to share the housework tohave a clean and comfortable home.” I replied.“对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。 ”我回答说。【解析 1】 needv 需要用于肯定句，是实义动词。(1)人做主语， sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事(2)物做主语， sth need doing sth= sth need to be done Stud

30、ents need _(have) a good rest in studying.The watch needs_(mend).用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词(1)needn t = don t have没有to必要(2)need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用 neednt Must I go there now? Yes，you must/No, you neednt()You _ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important todo.A. needn t to comeB. d

31、on needt comeC. don t need coming D. needn t come【 2013 无锡中考 4】 Dont throw away the waste paper, It needs _ so that it can be reused.A. to destroyB. destroyingC. to collectD. collecting【 2012 齐齐哈尔 2】Lisa is a little poor at Chinse . I think she needs _ it everyday.A. practice to speak B. to practice

32、 speaking C. practice speaking 【解析 2】 share 分享；共用share sth 分享或共用某物share sth with sb. 与某人分享某物() All his friends _ his happiness when he won the match.A. Shared B. Shared from C. Shared with 13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？【解析】 hang out 闲逛hang up 把.悬挂 /挂起14. Could

33、you pleasepass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗？【解析】 pass v 给；递；走过；通过pass sb.sth 把某物递给某人6Pass on 传递Please pass the paper on to the other students. v 通过；路过 I pass your home. v 通过（考试） ；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.【 2013 广东中考】 If Nancy _ the exam , she will go to Australia for English study.A. passB. passedC. pa

34、ssesD. will pass15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本书看吗、 Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些钱吗？【解析】 borrow /lend/keep(1)borrow 借入 ,与 from 连用，尤指主语 “【借进来 ”】borrow sth from sb. 从某人那里借某物You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,与 to 搭配 【指借出去】lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人He doesn t want l

35、endto his book to others.(3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】【记】I want to _ a bike from my friend but he didnt _ it to me,because Tom had _ it for two days.【宁夏中考 1】 You may _ the book for two weeks.A. keepB. borrowC. lendD. buy【湖北恩施 2】 May I _ your dictionary? Sorry. Li Lei _ it for five days.

36、A. lend; borrowedB. borrow; has keptC. borrow ; has borrowedD. lend; has lent【西宁中考 2】 Although you like the book, you may only _ it for twoweeks.A. borrowB. keepC. lendD. stay.16. I cut my finger and Itryingnotm to get it wet.我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。【解析】 try (not) to do sth 努力（不）做某事。tryv 试图，设法，努力【拓展】(1)try o

37、n 试穿(2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】(3) try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】(4)try one s best to do sth= do one s尽best某人to最do大sth努力做某事 We should _尽(最大努力 )to be happy in the future.7() We should try _ much fruit.A. eatB. to eatC. eatingD. eats【 2013 广东中考 2】 I didn t hear you come in just now. That s good. We t

38、ried _ any noise, for you were sleeping.A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making 17. I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务。【解析】 hate to do sth 讨厌做某事 , 表示某次具体行为或动作。I hate to trouble him.hate doing sth不愿意做某事表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。She hates smoking in her room.18.Could I ask you to help mewith some chores then?那我能

39、请求你帮我做些杂活吗？【解析】 ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。ask for 请求，要某物ask sb. about sth 向某人询问关于某事(1)ask sb. for help 向某人请求帮助(2) ask sb. (not) to do sth请求某人做某事 ask 构成的短语：短语含义ask sb. to do sth请某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不让某人做某事ask sb for sth向某人要某物ask for help寻求帮助() If you have difficulty in learning English, you should ask your teacher oryour classmates _ help.A. forB. ofC. inD. on() The young should _ the old _ advice at