新课标高考英语总复习书面表达资料包　精品整理

1、新课标高考英语总复习书面表达资料包精品整理英语写作的过渡手段归纳众所周知，要写出清晰流畅的文章，需要把段落中各部分巧妙地连接在一起。这样可使文章自然而别致，并能层层展开主题句，完整地表达中心思想。起连贯作用的过渡词语可以用来连接段落中的各个句子，也可以用来连接文章中的各个段落。下面是在段落中连接句子的例子（段中黑体字为过渡词）to many foreigners, the american word family is confusing. foreigners often hear an american say my family is coming to visit. in this s

2、entence, family means grandparents and perhaps other relatives. however, at other times, the same american might say, im going to stay home with my family this weekend. in this case, he is talking about his wife and children. this is a much narrower meaning than the first one. using family in this w

3、ay makes a foreigner wonder which term really describes an american family. the answer, of course, is that there are two meanings for the word family in the united states - a narrow one and a broad one. and there is another term - immediate family - to describe something in between.这一段中出现的过渡手法有两种：一种

4、是过渡词或词组，如however, in this case, of course； 另一种是起过渡作用的代词，如this, one.段与段之间也可以用过渡词连接，比如but可以连接两个为转折关系的段落2. 过渡词语的分类 常用的过渡词根据意思和作用的不同，可以分为以下十一类： 1) 用以解释的过渡词，比如：now, in addition, for, in this case, furthermore, in fact 1. the problem, in this case, is hard to solve. 2. furthermore, several people telephon

5、ed the same night. 2) 表示强调的过渡词，如：certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important 1. indeed, a dessert is always enjoyable. 2. above all, do not build an open fire in a forest. 3) 表示限制的过渡词but, however, although, though, yet, except for 1. yet there was still a chance that he would win. 2. except

6、 for one girl, all the hikers returned.4) 用以举例的过渡词for example, for instance, thus, such, next 1. for instance, a telegram often costs more than a telephone call. 2. thus the trip finally began.5) 表示递进或补充的过渡词in addition，furthermore，also，moreover，yet 1. in addition, the tour stops in vancouver. 2. fur

7、thermore, the time for registration has been extended.6) 表达顺序的过渡词first, second, third, afterward(s)（后来）, meanwhile（几乎同时）, thereafter（在那以后）, last, finally, eventually（终于） 1. first, you mail in an application. second, you ask for an appointment. third, you send them three personal references. 2. then

8、you come to a traffic light and turn right.7) 用以表示比较的过渡词like, in the same way, similarly, equally important, too 1. in the same way, we look for a good doctor. 2. similarly, the thais enjoy spicy foods.8) 用以表示对比的过渡词unlike, in contrast, whereas, on the other hand, instead 1. in contrast, the red flui

9、d does not lose its color. 2. the husband wanted a boy, whereas the wife wanted a girl.9) 表示让步的过渡词although, nevertheless, of curse, after all, clearly, still, yet 1. he planned, nevertheless, to ask for a promotion. 2. after all, you learn to cook many foods in this job.10) 用以表述结果的过渡词therefore, as a

10、 result, consequently,then，thereby，therefore，thus，hence，accordingly, so, otherwise 1. as a result, she became the princes bride. 2. consequently, we opened an account at the bank.11) 用以表示总结的过渡词to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in short，in a word，in the long run，in summary 1. to sum up, chr

11、istmas is the most important holiday. 2. in conclusion, a consulate offers more services.上文已经讲过，除了过渡词或词组之外，起过渡作用的还有代词、同义词、连接词和词的重复等。下面分别举例说明。 1. 起过渡作用的代词例：he asked what that meant. we watched the hikers. they climbed slowly.以上两句中的深蓝体字分别起句内和句间的过渡作用。起过渡作用的代词在下面例子中的作用很大，没有它，这段文字就不能成立。it is the most tal

12、ked-of subject in town. every family in the community discusses it half a dozen times a day. you mentioned it to at least one of your friends before you came into the room today. you think about it at least once during every class. its passage is steady. it touched everyone. what isit? it is time. 2

13、. 起过渡作用的同义词同义词用得好，不仅有助于文章的连贯，也增加了文采。例如下文：community colleges are like the two-year colleges called junior colleges, or j.c.s. both schools prepare students for four-year colleges. j.c.s offer all the courses most four-year colleges ask their freshmen and sophomores to take. community colleges also gi

14、ve such required courses. but community colleges are also like other institutions called trade schools. both schools offer technical training. trade schools give courses in such areas as carpentry, nursing, television repairing, or photography. community colleges have complete technical courses for

15、students who do not plan to go on to a university.3 重复词起过渡作用词的重复是常用的连接手法，它可强调你所要表达的意思。按方式，还可进一步分为绝对重复和相对重复。gulls, as they soar, are not always searching for food but merely having fun on the wing. a gull flying along the shore is taking advantages of wind current formed when the sea air strikes the

16、warm land and rises. gulls also love the lower, weaker air currents that form about three feet above the waves. they ride them for hours, tipping from one current to the next. most people think that gulls ride behind boats for the food. but garbage is only a small part of what they eat. clams and fi

17、sh make up most of their diet. the sea gulls follow boats for the tide on the thermal currents the ships create at sea.上面文章中的黑体字就是通过重复来起承上启下的作用，与同义词类似。4.平行结构起承上启下的作用my mother has passed along to me certain rules for getting along with others. dont argue with parents; they will think you dont love th

18、em. dont argue with children; they will think themselves victimized. dont argue with spouses; they will think you are a tiresome mate. dont argue with strangers; they will think you are not friendly. my mothers rules, in fact, can be summed up in two words. dont argue.文中的dont argue反复出现，形成平行结构，有助于段落的

19、流畅和连贯。英语写作中的常用句型归纳作文中常用句套：下文中出现的a,b,“.”(某事物),sb(somebody),要在写作中要根据上下文进行适当替换.开头：whenitcomesto.,somethink.thereisapublicdebatetodaythat.aisacommenwayof.,butisitawiseone?recentalytheproblemhasbeenbroughtintofocus. 提出观点：nowthereisagrowingawarenessthat.itistimeweexplorethetruthof.nowhereinhistoryhastheis

20、suebeenmorevisible.进一步提出观点：.butthatisonlypartofthehistory.anotherequallyimportantaspectis.aisbutoneofthemanyeffects.anotheris.besides,otherreasonsare.提出假想例子的方式：supposethat.justimaginewhatwouldbelikeif.itisreasonabletoexpect.itisnotsurprisingthat.举普通例子：forexample(instance),.suchasa,b,candsoon(soforth

21、)agoodcaseinpointis.aparticularexampleforthisis.引用：oneofthegreatestearlywriterssaid.knowledgeispower,suchistheremardof.thatishowsbcomment(criticize/praise.).howoftenwehearsuchwordslikethere.讲故事（先说故事主体），thisstoryisnotrare.,suchdelimmaweoftenmeetindailylife.,thestorystillhasarealisticsignificance.提出原因

22、：therearemanyreasonsfor.why.,foronething,.theanswertothisprobleminvolvesmanyfactors.anydiscussionaboutthisproblemwouldinevitablyinvolves.thefirstreasoncanbeobiviouslyseen.mostpeoplewouldagreethat.somepeoplemayneglectthatinfact.otherssuggestthat.partoftheexplanationis.进行对比：theadvantagesforaforoutweig

23、hthedisadvantagesof.althoughaenjoysadistinctadvantage.indeed,acarriesmuchweightthanbwhensthisconcerned.amaybe.,butitsuffersfromthedisadvantagethat.承上启下：tounderstandthetruthof.,itisalsoimportanttosee.astudyof.willmakethispointclear让步：certainly,bhasitsownadvantages,suchas.idonotdenythatahasitsownmerit

24、s.结尾：fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat.insummary,itiswiser.inshort.在作文中引用合适的名言警句，会给你的文章增色许多。这里收集了我本人喜爱的一些名言，可能会对你有用。我们使用引用的位置可以在开头结尾或正文段落中，常见的使用形式如下：oneofthegreatestearlywriterssaid.knowledgeispower,suchistheremardof.thatishowsbcomment(criticize/praise.).howoftenwehearsu

25、chwordslikethere.usefulquotations逆境byrobertcollierineveryadversitythereliestheseedofanequivalentadvantage.ineverydefeatthereisalessonshowingyouhowtowinthevictorynexttime.努力与成功byannlandersopportunitiesareusuallydisguisedashardwork,somostpeopledontrecognizethem.坚持byralphwaldoemersonnoonecancheatyouout

26、ofultimatesuccessbutyourselves.confucius孔子ourgreatestgloryisnotinneverfalling.butinrisingeverytimewefall.坚持motherteresatokeepalampburningwehavetokeepputtingoilinit.henryfordnothingisparticularlyhardifyoudivideitinuosmalljobs.winstonchurchillnever,never,never,nevergiveup.alberteinsteininuhemiddleofdi

27、fficultyliesopportunity.努力与成功bycrassusthosewhoaimatgreatdeedsmustsuffergreatly.thomasedisonthereisnosubstituteforhardwork.leotolstoithestrongestofallwarriorsarethesetwo-timeandpatience.thomasjeffersonimagreatbelieverinluck,andifindtheharderiwork.themoreihaveofit.robertcolliersuccessisthesumofsmallef

28、forts,repeateddayinanddayout.raya.crocluckisadividendofsweat.themoreyousweat,theluckieryouget.实际经验与间接经验youlllearnmoreaboutaroadbytravelingit.thanbyconsultingallthemapsintheworld.动机与结果vincelombardiwinningisnteverything.butwantingtowinis.johnf.kennedywechoosetogo!tothemoonandotherthings,ootbecausethey

29、areeasy,butbecausetheyarehard.thucydidesthestrongdowhattheywill.theweakdowhattheymust.为人态度：johnwoodentalentisgodgiven-behumble.fameismangiven-bethankful.conceitisselfgiven-becareful.行动：theodorerooseveltdowhatyoucan,withwhatyouhave,withwhereyouare.publiliussyrusmaximnooneknowswhathecandotillhetries.t

30、erencethereisnothingsoeasybutthatitbecomesdifficultwhenyoudoitreluctantly.thomasfullerawisemanturnschanceintogoodfortune.williamhazlittprosperityisagreatteacher;adversityisagreater.williampennnopains,nopalm;nothorns,nothrone;nogall,noglory;nocross,nocrown.willrogersevenifyoureontherighttrack,youllge

31、trunover.ifyoujustsitthere.opportunityrarelyknocksonyourdoor.knockratheronopportunitysdoorifyouardentlywishtoenter.成功与失败vincelombardiitsnotwhetheryougetknockeddown.itswhetheryougetupagain.winstonchurchillanoptimistseesanopportunityineverycalamity;apessimistseesacalamityineveryopportunity.热情（年轻/年老）ra

32、lphwaldoemersonnothinggreatwaseverachievedwithoutenthusiasm.信心jamesallenthewilltodospringsfromtheknowledgethatwecando.samueljohnsonfewthingsareimpossibletodiligenceandskill.augheylosttimeisneverfoundagain.voltairenoproblemcanstandtheassaultofsustainedthinking.napoleonvictorybelongstothemostperseveri

33、ng.细心euipidesleavenostoneunturned.计划与工作normanvincentpealeplanyourworkfortodayandeveryday;thenworkyourplan.henryfordfailureisonlytheopportunitytomoreintelligentlybeginagain.thomasedisonistartwherethelastmanleftoff.理想与现实whatthemindofmancanconceiveandbelieve,themindofamancanachieve.勤奋benjaminfranklinpl

34、oughdeepwhilesluggardssleep.目标henrydavidthoreauinthelonerunmenhitonlywhattheyaimat.幸运emilydickinsonluckisnotchance.itstoil.fortunesexpensivesmileisearned.勤奋thomasedisongeniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.usefulquotations想象力alberteinsteinimaginationismoreimportantthanknowle

35、dge.挑战：walterbegehotthegreatpleasureinlifeisdoingwhatpeoplesayyoucannotdo.机会与准备abrahamlincolniwillprepareandsomedaymychancewillcome.信心与事实henryfordwhetheryouthinkyoucanorthinkyoucant-youareright.englishproverbwheretheresawilltheresaway.thereisnofailureexceptingnolongertrying.luckiswhathappenswhenprep

36、arationmeetsopportunity.英文作文52活用句型i. 用于文章主题句ii. 1. 不用说iii. it goes without saying that子句iv. = (it is) needless to say (that)子句v. = it is obvious that子句vi. = obviously, s. + v.vii. 例不用说早睡早起是值得的。viii. it goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.ix. 2. 是不可能的; 无法x. there is no vingxi. = ther

37、e is no way of ving.xii. = there is no possibility of ving.xiii. = it is impossible to v.xiv. = it is out of the question to v.xv. = no one can v.xvi. = we cannot v.xvii. 例不可否认的成功的事业关键在于健康的身心。xviii. there is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.xix. 3. 我深信xx. i am gre

38、atly convinced (that)子句xxi. = i am greatly assured (that)子句xxii. 例我深信预防是于治疗。xxiii. i am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.xxiv. 4. 在各种之中xxv. among various kinds of , xxvi. = of all the , xxvii. 例在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。xxviii. among various kinds of sports, i like jogging in particular. xx

39、ix. 5. 是很容易证明的。xxx. it can be easily proved (that)子句xxxi. 例时间最珍贵是很容易证明的。xxxii. it can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time.xxxiii. 6. 无论如何强调都不为过xxxiv. cannot be overemphasizedxxxv. 例交通安全的重要性无论如何强调都不为过。xxxvi. the importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.xxxvii. 7. 就我的

40、看法；我认为xxxviii. in my opinion, xxxix. = to my mind, . xl. = as far as i am concerned, xli. = i am of the opinion that子句xlii. 例就我的看法打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。xliii. in my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.xliv. 8. (a) 每个人都知道xlv. everyone knows (that)子句xlvi. (b)

41、就我所知xlvii. as far as my knowledge is concerned, xlviii. 例就我所知下列方法对我帮助很大。xlix. as far as my knowledge is concerned, the following ways are of great help to me.l. 9. 毫无疑问地li. there is no doubt (that)子句lii. 例毫无疑问地近视在我国的年轻人中是一个严重的问题。liii. there is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem amon

42、g the youth of our country.liv. 10. 根据我个人经验lv. according to my personal experience, lvi. = based on my personal experience, lvii. 例根据我个人经验微笑已带给我许多好处。lviii. according to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.lix. 11. 在我认识的人当中也许没有一个人比更值得我尊敬。lx. of all the people i know, perhaps non d

43、eserves my respect more than lxi. 例在我认识的人当中也许没有一个人比我的英文老师张老师更值得我尊敬。lxii. of all the people i know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than miss chang, my english teacher. lxiii. 12. 在我的求学过程中我忘不了lxiv. in the course of my schooling. i will never forget lxv. 例在我的求学过程中我忘不了学习英文所遭到的大困难。lxvi. in the cour

44、se of my schooling. i will never forget the great difficulty i encountered in learning english.lxvii. 13. (a) 随着人口的增加 with the increase/growth of the population, lxviii. (b) 随着科技的进步, with the advance of science and technology, lxix. 例随着台湾经济的快速发展许多社会问题产生了。lxx. with the rapid development of taiwans ec

45、onomy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.lxxi. 14. (a) 在这信息的年代扮演重要的角色。lxxii. in the age of information and communication, plays an important role.lxxiii. (b) 在今日工业社会中是生命不可或缺的。lxxiv. in todays industrial society, is indispensable to life.lxxv. 例在这信息的年代计算机扮演非常重要的角色。lxxvi. in this age of infor

46、mation and communication, the computer plays an extremely important role.lxxvii. 15. 在讨论一个人不得不承认。lxxviii. in dealing with , one cannot but admit (that)子句lxxix. 例在讨论未来的职业一个人不得不承认尽早决定未来的职业很重要。lxxx. in dealing with ones future career, one cannot but admit that it is very important to decide ones future

47、 career as early as possible.lxxxi. 16. 世上没有什么比更令我高兴。lxxxii. nothing in the world can delight me so much as lxxxiii. 例世上没有什么比到快餐店吃汉堡更令我高兴。lxxxiv. nothing in the world can delight me so much as having hamburgers in fast-food restaurants.lxxxv. 17. 是必要的 it is necessary that s (should) vlxxxvi. 是重要的 it

48、 is important/essential that s (should) vlxxxvii. 是适当的 it is proper that s (should) vlxxxviii. 是紧急的 it is urgent that s (should) vlxxxix. 例我们当保持公共场所清洁是应当的。xc. it is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean.xci. 18. 每当我听到我就忍不住感到兴奋。whenever i hear , i cannot but feel excited.xcii. 每当我做 我就忍

49、不住感到悲伤。 whenever i do , i cannot but feel sad.xciii. 每当我想到我就忍不住感到紧张。whenever i think of , i cannot but feel nervous.xciv. 每当我遭遇我就忍不住感到害怕。whenever i meet with , i cannot but feel frightened.xcv. 每当我看到 我就忍不住感到惊讶。whenever i see , i cannot but feel surprised.xcvi. 例每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪我就忍不住感到悲伤。xcvii. when

50、ever i think of the clean brook near my home, i cannot but feel sad.xcviii. = every time i think of the clean brook near my home, i cannot help feeling sad.xcix. 19. 据说 it is said (that)子句c. 一般认为 it is thought (that)子句ci. 大家都知道 it is known (that)子句cii. 据报导 it is reported (that)子句ciii. 一般预料 it is exp

51、ected (that)子句civ. 一般估计 it is estimated (that)子句cv. 一般相信 it is believed (that)子句cvi. 例一般相信阅读增加我们的知识、扩大我们的心胸。cvii. it is believed (that) reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.cviii. 20. 的主要理由是cix. the main reason why . is (that)子句cx. 例青少年犯罪的主要理由是社会环境日一败坏。cxi. the main reason why the j

52、uveniles commit crimes is that social environment is becoming worse.cxii. 21. 俗语说得好：。cxiii. well goes an old saying, cxiv. = as an old saying goes(runs, says), cxv. = an old saying goes, cxvi. = its an old saying (that)子句cxvii. 例俗话说得好：诚实为上策。cxviii. as an old saying goes, honesty is the best policy.cxix. 22. (a) 用下列方法 in the following ways.cxx. (b) 有三个主要理由。 for three major reasons.cxxi. (c) 要至少我们可做三件事。 to , there are at least three things we can