初中英语数词用法及练习

1、初中英语数次归纳及练习数词主要分为基数词和序数词两类。一、 数词的分类1. 基数词表示数目的词称为基数词。其形式如下：A从 1 10one，two， three， four ，five， six，seven， eight， nine，tenB从 11 19eleven，twelve， thirteen， fourteen， fifteen ， sixteen， seventeen，eighteen，nineteen这里除 eleven， twelve ， thirteen， fifteen ， eighteen 为特殊形式外， fourteen，sixteen，seventeen， ninet

2、een 都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀 -teen 构成。C从 21 99整数几十中除 twenty，thirty, forty ， fifty ，eighty 为特殊形式外， sixty， seventy， ninety 都是其个位数形式后添加后缀 -ty 构成。表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符 “-”21 twenty-one76 seventy-sixD百位数个数基数词形式加 “hundred，”表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and101 a hundred and one320 three hundred and twenty648 six hundred and fo

3、rty-eightE千位数以上从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号 “，”。从右开始，第一个 “， ”前的数字后添加 thousand，第二个 “，”前面的数字后添加 million ，第三个 “， ”前的数字后添加 billion 。然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four5,237,166,234 five billion ，two hundr

4、ed and thirty-seven million ， one hundred and sixty-six thousand，two hundred and thirty-fourF基数词在表示确切的数字时，不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式；但是，当基数词表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万，三三两两时，基数词则以复数形式出现。There are hundreds of people in the hall大厅里有数以百计的人。Thousands and thousands of people come to visit the Museum of Qin Terra-Cotta Warr

5、iors and Horses every day每天有成千上万的人来参观秦兵马涌博物馆。They went to the theatre in twos and threes他们三三两两地来到了剧院。G表示人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数形式表示。He became a professor in his thirties他三十多岁时成为了教授。She died of lung cancer in her forties她四十来岁时死于肺癌。It was in the 1960s那是在二十世纪六十年代。H基数词的句法功能基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。The two happ

6、ily opened the box两个人高兴地打开了盒子。 （作主语）I need three altogether我总共需要三个。（作宾语）Four students are playing volleyball outside四个学生在外面打排球。 （作定语）We are sixteen我们是 16 个人。（作表语）They three tried to finish the task before sunset他们三个人尽力想在日落前完成任务。 （作同位语）2. 序数词表示顺序的词称为序数词。序数词的主要形式：A从第一至第十九其中， one first ， two second， th

7、ree third ， five fifth ，eighteighth， nineninth ，twelve twelfth 为特殊形式，其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加 “th构”成。例如： six sixth、 nineteen nineteenthB从第二十至第九十九整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y 为i，再加 “eth构”成。twenty twentieth thirty thirtieth表示第几十几时，用几十的基数词形式加上连字符示。“ ”和个位序数词形式一起表thirty-firstfifty-sixth第三十一第五十六seventy-third 第七十三

8、ninety-ninth 第九十九C第一百以上的多位序数词由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。one hundred and twenty-first 第一百二十一one thousand， three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十D序数词的缩写形式有时，序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有。first lst second 2nd third 3rd fourth 4th sixth 6th twentieth 20thtwenty-third 23rd其中 lst， 2nd，3rd 为特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。E序数词的句法功能序

9、数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。The second is what I really need第二个是我真正需要的。 （作主语）He choose the second他挑选了第二个。（作宾语）We are to carry out the first plan我们将执行第一个计划。 （作定语）She is the second in our class在我们班她是第二名。 （作表语）注：序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词 the；但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词 a 或 an 时，则表示 “再 ”，“又”。We llgo over it a second time我们得再念第二遍。We

10、vetried it three timesMust we try it a fourth time?我们已经试过三遍了，还必须试一次（第四次）吗？另外，基数词也可以表示顺序。 只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后即可， 不需要添加定冠词。the first lesson Lesson Onethe fifth page Page 5（ five ）the twenty-first room Room 21（twenty-one）二、时刻表示法1. 表示几点钟用基数词加可以省略的 oclock 5:00 读作 five oclock 或 five2. 表示几点过几分，在分钟后加 past，再加小

11、时 five past seven 七点过五分half past six 六点半a quarter past eight 八点过一刻 seven past eight 八点过七分3. 表示几点差几分，在分钟后面加 to，再加小时 ten to eight 差十分八点（七点五十分）a quarter to twelve 差一刻十二点（十一点四十五分） twenty to six 差二十分六点（五点四十分）在日常生活中，常用下列简单方法表示时间。以小时、分种为单位分别读出数字。6:31读作 six thirty-one10:26 读作 ten twenty-six14:03 读作 fourteen

12、 o three16:15 读作 sixteen fifteen18:30 读作 eighteen thirty23:55 读作 twenty-three fifty-five注：时刻表上的时间大多采用 24 小时表示法，这样就不需要用 a.m.表示上午，p.m.表示下午了。三、年月表示法1. 世纪可以用定冠词加序数词加世纪 century 表示，也可以用定冠词加百位进数加 s 表示the sixth（6th）century 公元六世纪the eighteenth（18th） century 公元十八世纪the 1900s 二十世纪the 1600s 十七世纪这里，用百位数整数表示的世纪比这一

13、百位阿拉伯数字本身多一个世纪。2. 年代用定冠词及基数词表示的世纪加十位整数的复数形式构成in the 1930s（in the thirties of the twentieth century 或 in the nineteen thirties）在二十世纪三十年代in the 1860s（in the sixties of the 19th century 或 in the eighteen sixties）在十九世纪六十年代In the 1870s when Marx was already in his fifties，he found it important to study t

14、he situation in Russia，so he began to learn Russian在十九世纪七十年代当马克思已经五十多岁时，他发现研究俄国的形势很重要，便开始学习俄语。3. 表示某年代的早期、 中期和晚期，可以在定冠词后， 年代前添加 early，mid- ， latein the early 1920s 在二十世纪二十年代早期in the mid-1950s 在二十世纪五十年代中期4. 年月日表示法A年份用基数词表示，一般写为阿拉伯数字，读时可以以 hundred 为单位，也可以以世纪、年代为单位分别来读。1949 读作 nineteen hundred and fort

15、y-nine 或 nineteen forty-nine1800 读作 eighteen hundred253 读作 two hundred and fifty-three 或 two fifty-three1902 读作 nineteen hundred and two或 nineteen o two表示在哪一年，一般在年数前加介词in，使用 year 时， year 放在数词之前。in the year two fifty-three B.C.在公元前253 年但是，通常采用in 加表示年份的阿拉伯数字。B. 月份，在哪个月用介词in 加第一个字母大写的月份词表示。例如：in May在五月

16、； in July 在七月。为了简便起见，月份与日期连用时，月份常用缩写形式表示。缩写形式除 May，June，July 外，其它的月份都由其前三个字母表示，但September除外。January Jan一月 February Feb二月March Mar. 三月 April Apr 四月August Aug八月September Sept九月October Oct十月November Nov 十一月December Dec十二月注：这里缩写形式后面加点不能省略，因为它是表示缩写形式的符号。四、分数表示法1. 分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子，序数词作分母，除了分子是 “1以

17、”外，其它情况下序数词都要用复数形式。3/4 three fourths或 three quarters1/3 one third 或 a third1/2 a half1 1/2 one and a half2. 当分数后面接名词时，如果分数表示的值大于 1，名词用复数；小于 1，名词用单数。11/2 hours 一个半小时（读作 one and a half hours）23/4 meters 二又四分之三米（读作 two and three-fourths meters）4/5 meter 五分之四米五 、小数表示法1. 小数用基数词来表示，以小数点为界，小数点左首的数字为一个单位，表示

18、整数，数字合起来读；小数点右首的数字为一个单位， 表示小数，数字分开来读；小数点读作 point， o 读作 zero 或 oou，整数部分为零时，可以省略不读。0.4 zero point four 或 point four 零点四10.23 ten point two three 十点二三25.67 twenty-five point six seven 二十五点六七l.03 one point o three 一点零三2. 当数字值大于1 时，小数后面的名词用复数，数字值小于1 时，小数后面的名词用单数。1.03 meters 一点零三米0.49 ton零点四九吨l.5 tons一点五吨

19、六、百分数表示法百分数用基数 percent表示50 fifty percent百分之五十3 three percent 百分之三0.12 zero point one two percent 百分之零点一二这里的 percent前半部 per 表示 “每一 ”，cent 这一后半部分表示 “百”，所以百分之几中 percent不用复数形式。七、数量表示法1. 表示长、宽、高、面积等，用基数词 +单位词（ meter，foot， inch， kilogram 等） + 形容词（ long，wide，high 等）表示，或者用基数词 +单位词 + in + 名词（ length， width ，

20、 height， weight 等）表示。two meters long 或 two meters in length 2米长three feet high或 three feet in height 3英尺高four inches wide 或 four inches in width 4 英寸宽This box is 2 kilograms in weight这个盒子有两千克重。The city wall of Xian is 12 meters wide and 12 meters high西安城墙是 12 米宽， 12 米高。2. 表示时间、距离时，使用含数词的名词所有格形式作定语。f

21、ive minutes walk步行五分钟（的距离）It sanhour sride from my hometown to our university从我的家乡到我们大学是乘车一小时的路程。或：从我的家乡到我们大学需要乘车一小时。It sthree kilometers distance from our campus to the Bell Tower.从我们校园到钟楼有三公里远。3. 表示温度时，用 below zero 表示零下温度，温度用基数词 +degree（ s）+单位词（ centigrade摄氏或 Fahrenheit 华氏）表示。thirty-six degrees ce

22、ntigrade或 36 摄氏 36 度four degrees below zero centigrade或 -4 摄氏零下 4 度 Water freezes at thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit水在华氏三十二度时结冰。Water boils at one hundred degrees centigrade水在摄氏一百度时沸腾。这里的单位词在人们都很清楚是什么度量制度时，可以省略。You are 37（读作thirty-seven degrees）你是三十七度。（摄氏）It sseven degrees below zero今天是零下七度。（摄氏）4. 由数词

23、和其他名词构成的名词性短语作定语时，其中的名词用单数形式，名词性短语中各部分间要用连字符 “-”来连接。It safive-minute walk from the library to the playground从图书馆到操场需要走五分钟。Shesasixteen-year-old girl她是个十六岁的女孩。5. 表示 “比大（或）几倍 ”的说法。This room is two times bigger than that one这个房间比那个（房间）大两倍。The dictionary is four times thicker than that book这本词典比那本书厚四倍。M

24、y age is two times older than his我的年龄比他大两倍。是骡子是马 , 拉出来溜溜 :八、特殊用法1数词作主语， 谓语动词用单数。 如： Two months is quite a long timeFour and two is six Whats two and three？2一个半小时（一年半，一个半月可类推） onean hour and a half one and a half hours巩固练习：I. 把下列短语译成英语：1.第 12课 _2. 304号房间 _3.半小时 _4.每日三次 _5.第 25页 _6. 20世纪 90 年代 _7.4 路公

25、共汽车 _8.第 15 中学 _9.21 世纪 _10.八米长 _11. 差一刻三点 _ 12. 第二册 _13. 在他五十几岁时 _ 14. 二年级八班 _15. 10:45 _ 16. 第十五单元_17. 第三册第十三课_ 18. 三分之一_19. 三百英镑 _ 20. 1994 年 3 月 22 日 _II. 选择填空：1. 333 reads _.A. three hundred and thirty three B. three hundreds and thirty-three C. three hundred and thirty-three D. three hundred t

26、hirty-three2.The _ month of the year is February.A. oneB. firstC. twoD. second3.The beautiful skirts are on show in the shop, Jane likes _.A. the ninthB. the nineth C. nineD. ninth4.It took me _ to finish my homework.A. a half and two hourB. two hour and a halfC. two and a half hourD. two and a half

27、 hours5.December is the _ month of the year.A. twelveB. twelvethC. twelviethD. twelfth6.Tom bought _ for himself yesterday.A. two pairs of shoesB. two pair of shoeC. two pair of shoesD. two pairs shoes7.There are _ seconds in a minute.A. fourtyB. fortyC. sixteenD. sixty8.Lin Tao gets up at _ in the

28、morning.A. half past sixB. six past halfC. past half sixD. half six past9.December _ is Christmas.A. twenty-fiveB. the twenty-fifthC. the twentieth-fiveD. twentieth-fifth10. There are _ stars in the universe.A. millionsB. million ofC. millions ofD. million11. Monday is the _ day of the week.A. twoB.

29、 secondC. threeD. third12. Mr. Black left here _ ago.A. half a hourB. half an hour C. an half hour D. a half hours13. There are _ students in their school.A. nine hundredB. nine hundredsC. nine hundred ofD. nine hundreds of14.There are _ words in the text of the _ Lesson.A. hundred of, FifthB. a hun

30、dred of, FivethC. hundreds of, FifthD. hundreds of, Fiveth15.We had learned about _ English words by the end of last term.A. nine hundreds and forty-fiveB. nine hundreds of and forty-fiveC. nine hundred and forty-fiveD. nine hundred and fourty-five16.Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy

31、a _one.A. three B. thirdC. forthD. /17.A _ boy can sing the English song very well.A. ten-year-oldB. ten years oldC. ten-year-old D. fifth years old18.The old professor still works hard though he is _.A. in his sixtyB. in his sixtiesC. in sixtiesD. in the sixty19.This classroom is _ ours.A. three ti

32、mes big as B. as three times big asC. three times as big as D. as bigthree times as 18.20._, Coca-Cola began to enter Chinas market.A. In 1970sB. In 1970sC. In the 1970sD. In the 1970s21.There was no bus in that small town. We had a _.A. ten miles walkB. ten-mile walkC. ten miles walkD. tenth mile w

33、alk22. About_ of the books in our school library are written in Chinese. A. four-fifth B. four-fifths C. fourth-fifths D. fourths-fifth23. _ of the students are girls in our class.24. _ of the worlds books and newspapers are written in English. A. Three quarters B. Three quarter C. Thirds four D. Th

34、rees fourth25. The road is over _ meters long.A. six hundred and fifty-two B. six hundreds and fifty-twoC. six hundred, fifty-twoD. six hundred, fifty and two26. The tallest building is an_that stands in the center.A.80-floor buildingB.60-floor buildingC.80-floor buildingsD.70-floors building27. _of

35、 the money _been spent recycling the rubbish.A. Three fourths; hasB. Three fourths; haveC. Three fourth; has D. Three fourth; have28. Dick, it is the _time in_ days that you have made the same mistake.A. two; three B. second; three C. two; third D. second; third 29.September_is Teachers Day.A. the t

36、en B. the tenth C. the tensD.ten30.He is _in our class.A. the fourth tallestB. fourth tallestC. four tallestD. the four tallest中考题集：1. About _ people are in the People s Park at weekends. A. two hundreds B. two hundreds of C. two hundred D. hundred of2. The water behind the Three Gorges Dam (三峡大坝 )

37、should be _higher than downstream (下游 ).A. sixty-five meterB. sixty-fifth meterC. sixty-five metersD. sixty-fifth meters3.In our school several _ students are able to search the Internet for usefulinformation now.4.I was 8 years old when my father was 31. this year my father is twice my age. Howold

38、am I?A. 21B. 22C. 23D. 245.When was the PRC founded? It was founded on _.A. July 1, 1921B. October 1, 1949 C. August 1, 1927D. May 1, 19226.Look at the menu:SNACKSHamburger $ 2.60 Orange juice $1.20 Hot dog $2.15 Coffee $1.00Ice cream $2.00 Coke regular $0.75Popcorn $1.00 large $1.00Jeff wants to bu

39、y a hamburger, a large coke and ice cream.How much will he pay?A. Five dollars and sixty cents.B. Five dollars and thirty-five cents.C. Three dollars and sixty cents. D. Two dollars.7. - How many teachers are there in your school? -_, but I m not sure.A. HundredsB. HundredC. Hundreds ofD. One hundre

40、d8. About _ films were shown during the 5th Shanghai International Film Festival.A. two hundred ofB. two hundreds ofC. two hundredD. two hundreds9. - Do you have enough men to carry these chairs? - No. I think we need _men.A. anotherB. two othersC. more twoD. two more10 - Can you write the number eight five thousand, six hundred and twenty-six?- Yes, it is _.A. 85662B. 85626C. 58662D. 5862611. There re _ students in our grade.A. hundreds ofB. three hundreds ofC. three hundredsD. three hundreds12 _ of the workers in this factory is about two hundred, _ of