小升初介词专项

1、介词 介词是表示名词，代词和句中其他词之间关系的词，主要表示 地点，位置，时间和方式等。What can you see in the picture?你在照片里看到了什么？I was born on May 11th.我出生在 5 月 11 日。The library is n ear the post office.图书馆在邮局附近。常用介词及用法1. 表示时间的介词。英语里最常见的时间介词有：at, in , on, before, after和from.（1） at, in和on都表示时间。at 指具体的时间点。at half past seven.在七点半。at eleven ocl

2、ock at n oo n （中午）at that time （那时）in 一般指某一段时间。in April在 四月份 in the morning/afternoon/evening. In 2013 , in May, 2005 （在 2005 年五月）; in three days （三天之后）；in Spring; in the 21st century （在 21 世 纪）on指在具体的某一天。on Sun day.在星期天。 On April,1st在四月一日 on Sun day after noon 在星期天的早上 on a warm morning in April （在四

3、月的一个温暖的早晨）on New Year s day新年） before和after表示时间的先后顺序。before 表示 “在.之前” Wash your hands before dinner.饭前要 洗手。 I have to finish my homework before 10 o clock.我不得不在十点之前做完作业。after 表示 “在.之后”，They often play football after school. 他们放学后经常踢足球。My father often watches TV after dinner.我爸爸经常在晚饭后看电视。from表示时间时， 常

4、和to连用，构成fromto 的结构, 表示“从.到.”的意思。He kept on work ing from seve n to twelve last ni ght.他昨晚从起点至 U12 点一直在工作。I go to school from Mon day to Friday.2. 表示方位的介词。小学阶段常见的方位介词有 on, in, at , un der, over, above, below, about,around, betwee n 等。(1) on , over 禾口 above相同点：三者均有“在.上面”的意思。不同点：on表示两个物体的表面相互接触。Where i

5、s the pen ?It s on the box over 表示“在.的正上方”，两个物体的表面没有接触。above表示两个物体中一个在另一个的上方,但不一定垂直，两个物体间也没有接触。There is a book on the desk.桌子上有一本书。 The sky is over our heads.天在我们的头顶上。Thepla ne is flyi ng above clouds.飞机在云上飞行。under和below 相同点:两者均表示“在.的下面”的意思。不同点：under表示“在.的正下方”， 其反义词是over.overunderThere is a ball ove

6、r two boxes. There is a ball un der a boxThere is a bridge over the riverM 上有座桥。below表示“在的下面”，但只是低于某一点，不强调是否在正下方。 From the top of the hill, we could see the blue ocean below. 我们从山顶上能看到下边的蓝色大海。The dead sea is below sea level.死海的海面低于海平面。(3)i n表示位置， 意为“在里面”，也可以用来表示在一个很大的空间内。 Mary works in a bank.玛丽在银行工

7、作。 There isn t a cloud in the sky.天空中没有一片云。 Whats in the box? He put his hands in his pockets.他把手放入口袋。at表示“在某地点”。I will wait for you at the station.我将在车 站等你。(5) around 禾口 about 均表示“在周围”。 They sat around the table.他们围着桌子而坐。We walked about the town.我们在镇周围走。(6) behind 表示 “在.的后面”。There is a broom behind

8、 the door.门后边有一把扫帚。(7) in front of 表示 “在的前面” 。There is a new white car in frontof the house.那房子前面有一辆白色的新轿车。(8) betwee n 表示“在两者之间”。My bedroom is betwee n my twosisters.我的卧室在两个姐妹的卧室之间。(9) 表示“在某地”时，at后面接小地方，in后接大地方。女口： at home在家at the bus stop在汽车站in China在中国in the world在世界上有“朝着，”和“向着,”的意思。小学阶段常见的动向介词有

9、in to, out of, up, dow n, from, to, across, through, along 等。(1) into和out of Into表示“从外向里”的意思； out of表示“从 里向外”的意思。I saw them go into the house.我看见他们进了那间 房子。 Lily ran out of the classroom.莉莉跑出了教室。(2) up 禾口 down up 表示“向上” ，down 表示“向下”。We climbedup the mountain to the top. 我们爬上了山顶。She opened the doorand

10、 went dow n the stairs.她开了门下楼去了。(3) across和through相同点： 两者都表示“通过，穿过”的意思。不同点：across.?kr?s 表示“穿过”这一动作在某个物体的表面 进行。He walked across the road carefully.他小心地穿过马路。Theduck is swimmi ng across the river.这只鸭子正在游过河。He isswimmi ng across the pool.他正在游过游泳池。through. 0 ru:表示“穿过”这一动作在某个物体的空间内进行。She walked through th

11、e forest alo ne.她独自一人走过森林。The trainis goi ng through the tunnel(隧道)。这辆火车正在穿过隧道。Hewants to climb into the room through the window. 他想从窗户爬进房 间。3.表示方式的介词表示方式的介词主要有by, with, in等。(1) by 表示“靠，用”。 My mother goes to work by bus.我妈妈乘公共汽车上班with表示“使用，和.一起；有，具有，带有”。He cut the cake with a knife. 他用小刀切开了那个蛋糕。(3)i

12、n 表示“用某种语言，以某种方式”。 She can speak in Japanese. 基础训练 将下列词组翻译成汉语。1.on the farm 2. by train 2. the boy in white4. after school5. under the chair6.at night7. in front of the classroom8. on Saturday morning9. behind the tree10. near the river选择括号内恰当的介词填空。1. Childrens Day is (at /on / in) the 1st of June.2

13、. The girl (with / on / in) long hair is my sister.3. Tom doesnt do well ( at / on / in) math.4. Look at the monkeys (between / on / in) the tree.5. We have skirts (under / behind / in) red, green and white.What color do you like？6. Tom sells his computer game(with / for / to) me.7.She is a friend (

14、of / to / on) my sisters.8. Heres a nice picture ( with/ to/ for) you .9. Please call me ( at/ to/ with) 23479865.10. What s this ( at, on, in) English?二 单项选择( ) 1. Whats this English? It s an apple.A.on B. inC. at D. of( ) 2. Lily, can you go shopping me?A. nearB. at C. with D. from( ) 3. English i

15、s spoken American.A.in B. atC. by D. with( ) 4. It often rains June.A.ofB. inC. atD. on( ) 5. They are waiting for a bus the bus stop.A.in B. toC. onD. at( ) 6. What did you do the farm ? We plantedsome trees for the farmers.A.onB. inC. at D. to() 7. The girl white and red is my sister Kate.A.forB.

16、of C. inD. with( ) 8. The waterway (运河 ) is wide enough for many ships topass.A. aboveB. across C. cross D. through( ) 9. Write the numbers 10 30 on the blackboard.A. from; in B. between; and C. behind; and D. among; in( ) 10. The children are planning their class project.A. ofB. forC. withD. about(

17、 ) 11. Tom was born April the 1st, and I was born April, too.A.in; in B. in; onC. on; in D. on; on( ) 12. Is Polly the tree?A.atB. inC. on D. after( ) 13. Does your mother cook you the weekend?A. for; on B. for; at C. with; onD. to; at( ) 14. I get up about seven fifty five.A.in B. on C. at D. for()

18、 15. It s cold winter in ShenYang.A.atB. inC. onD. to() 16. Whats wrong _your bike?A.inB. onC. atD. with() 17. Thanks_ your help.A.toB. forC. inD. on() 18. I know the namethe girl.A.inB. onC. of( ) 19. Is his book the drawer No， it s the desk.A.in, in B. on, on C. at, on D. in, on( ) 20. Bob was bor

19、n May 12th , 1999.A.in B. atC. on D. mustn t三 根据汉语意思， 完成句子。1. 李明很擅长唱歌。Li Ming is good singing.2. 爸爸对我要求很严格。 My father is strict me.3. 李华坐在教室中间。Li Hua sits the middle the classroom.4. 这本书和那本书不一样。This book is different that book.5. 在朋友的帮助下， 我通过了数学考试。With the help my friend , I passed the maths exam.四

20、完成对话。A: Excuse me, can you show me the way the Bank China?B: Oh, do you know the post office? The bank is it.A: I m new here, I dont know the city well.B: Can I go you ?A: That s great.B: Where are you ?A: Sydney, How you？B: I m GuiLin.A: Its a place of interest.B: Welcome GuiLin五 找出句中错误的一项并改正。1. There are two pictures in the wall. 2. She usu