初中英语阅读第3讲--议论文·教师版

1、 aimagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear. children know this very well. fred epstein, in his book if i make it to five, tells a story he heard from one of friends about tom, a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone. he came through several operat

2、ions and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.tom loved to pretend, and he particularly loved to play superheroes. dr. epstein explained that it was actually a brilliant way for his young mind to handle the terrifying and painful life he led.the day before his third trip to the operating room,

3、 tom was terribly afraid. “maybe i could go as superman,” he whispered to his mom. hearing this, the mother hesitated for a while. she had avoided buying the expensive costume (戏装), but finally she agreed.the next day tom appeared as the powerful superman, showing off through the hospital halls and

4、coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way. and tom, with the strength of his fantasy, successfully made it through the operation.the power of imagination need not be reserved for children only. we all have the power to use our fantasies to attempt things we never thought possib

5、le, to go through those things that seem impossible, and to achieve what we never believed we could. just as dr. epstein puts it, “if you can dream it, you can do it.”it doesnt mean that you should dress as a superhero for your next job interview. but, next time you are tested in a way that seems im

6、possible, imagine what it would take to overcome it. become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first. so, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream.(一) 单词及短语1.imagination n. 想象；想象力2.play an important role in 在中起重要作用3.hear from 收到的来信4.operation n. 手

7、术5.pretendv. 假装；伪装6.particularly adv. 特别地；独特地7.brilliantadj. 绝妙的，精彩的8.handle v. 处理9.whisper to sb 向某人低声耳语10.hesitatev. 犹豫，踌躇11.strengthn. 力量12.reserve v. 储备；保留13.attemptv. 尝试14.overcome v. 克服(二) 阅读题1. what do we know about tom?a. he was seriously illb. he was a dishonest boy.c. he was crazy about ma

8、gic.d. he was dr. epsteins patient.2. what can be inferred about toms mother?a. she was a rich lady.b. she refused toms request.c. she wanted tom to be a superhero.d. she wanted to get tom through the pain.3. when tom went for the third operation, he _. a. pretended to be painfulb. acted like a supe

9、rheroc. appeared in poor spiritsd. argued with his mother4. in the last paragraph, you are advised _. a. to go through some difficult testsb. to wake up from your wild dreamsc. to become a powerful person in your mindd. to wear expensive clothes for job interviews5. what is the purpose of the passag

10、e?a. to tell us an interesting story.b. to help us make right decisions.c. to advise us to care about children.d. to encourage us to use our imagination.keys: adbcd(三)练习1.单词连线1.imagination a. deal with, manage or control (people, a situation, a machine, etc)2. operation b. way in which sth works; wo

11、rking3. pretend c. ability to form mental images or pictures4. whisper d. very bright; sparkling5. brilliant e. make oneself appear to be (doing) sth in order to deceive others or in play6. handle f. speak softly, using the breath but without vibrating the vocal cords7. hesitate g. succeed in a stru

12、ggle against (sth); defeat8. strength h. make an effort to accomplish (sth); try (to do sth)9. reserve i. quality of being strong; degree of intensity of this10. attempt j. be slow to speak or act because one feels uncertain or unwilling; pause in doubt11. overcome k. put aside or keep sth for a lat

13、er occasion or special usekeys: 1-c 2-b 3-e 4-f 5-d 6-a 7-j 8-i 9-k 10-h 11-g 2.词性转换1) imagination : v.想象； adj.想象的，虚构的2) operation: v.操作 ； n.操作员3) hesitate: n. 犹豫4) strength: adj.强壮的 ；v_加强，巩固keys: 1. image；imaginative 2. operate；operator 3. hesitation 4. strong； strengthen3.一词多义：写出下列单词及短语在句中的意思1) op

14、erate a操作 b.动手术 c. 运转 d. 经营( b ) (1) he came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.( c ) (2) bcc buses operate from 5：30 am to 11：00 pm monday to thursday and 5：30 am to 12：00 am on fridays.( a ) (3) in the laboratory, tavella operated the wheelchair just by think

15、ing about moving his left or right hand.2) handle a把手 b.处理 c. 操作 d. 递交( b ) (1) dr. epstein explained that it was actually a brilliant way for his young mind to handle the terrifying and painful life he led. ( b ) (2) when people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small microor

16、ganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. ( a ) (3) use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. and, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.4. 语法填空imagination and fantasy can play _1_ important role in achieving the thing

17、s we fear. children know this very well. fred epstein, in his book if i make it to five, tells a story he heard from one of friends about tom, a four-year-old boy _2_ a cancer in his back bone. he came through several _3_(operate) and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.tom loved to pretend,

18、and he particularly loved to play superheroes. dr. epstein explained that it was actually a brilliant way for his young mind _4_ (handle) the terrifying and painful life he led.the day before his _5_(three) trip to the operating room, tom was terribly afraid. “maybe i could go as superman,” he whisp

19、ered to his mom. hearing this, the mother hesitated _6_ a while. she had avoided buying the expensive costume (戏装), but finally she agreed.the next day tom appeared as the _7_(power) superman, showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way.

20、 and tom, with the strength of his fantasy, _8_(success) made it through the operation.the power of imagination need not _9_ (reserve) for children only. we all have the power to use our fantasies to attempt things we never thought possible, to go through those things that seem impossible, and to ac

21、hieve what we never believed we could. just as dr. epstein puts it, “if you can dream it, you can do it.”it doesnt mean that you should dress as a superhero for your next job interview. but, next time you are tested in a way _10_ seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcome it. become th

22、e person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first. so, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream.keys: 1. an 2. with 3. operations 4. to handle 5. third 6. for 7. powerful 8. successfully 9. be reserved 10. that / which bshopping is not as simple as you may t

23、hink! there are all sorts of tricks at play each time we reach out for that particular brand of product on the shelf.colouring, for example, varies according to what the producers are trying to sell. health foods are packaged in greens, yellows or browns because we think of these as healthy colours.

24、 ice cream packets are often blue and expensive goods, like chocolates, are gold or silver.when some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective. eventually, it came on the market in

25、 a dark blue and white packageblue because we think of it as safe, and white as calm.the size of a product can attract a shopper. but quite often a bottle doesnt contain as much as it appears to.it is believed that the better-known companies spend, on average, 70 percent of the total cost of the pro

26、duct itself on packaging!the most successful producers know that its not enough to have a good product. the founder of pears soap, who for 25 years has used pretty little girls to promote their goods, came to the conclusion: “any fool can make soap, but it takes a genius to sell it.”(一) 单词及短语1. simp

27、le adj. 简单的2. all sorts of 各种各样的3. product n. 产品4. vary v. 变化，改变，使多样化5. package v. 打包，将包装6. ineffective adj. 无效的7. come on the market 出售，上市8. attract v. 吸引9. appear v. 出现，显现，表现得10. on average 平均来说11. promote v. 推销12. conclusion n. 结论(二) 阅读题1. which of the following may trick a shopper into buying a

28、product according to the text?athe cost of its package.bthe price of the product.cthe colour of its package.dthe brand name of the product.2. the underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” (in para.3) means that the colours _.aattracted the customers stronglybcaused the customers to lose

29、 interestctricked the customers into shoppingdhad weak effects on the customers3. which of the following is the key to the success in product sales?athe way to promote goods.bthe discovery of a genius.cthe team to produce a good product.dthe brand name used by successful producers.4. according to th

30、e passage, we know that _.amaking soap is so easy that any fool in the world can make it.bgreens, yellows or silver are considered to be healthy colours.c25 years ago, the founder of pears soap was a pretty girl herself.dthe size of a product can have an effect on the shoppers.5. which of the follow

31、ing would be the best title for this text?achoice of good productsbdisadvantages of productsceffect of packaging on shoppingdbrand names and shopping trickskeys: cbadc(三)练习1.词语释义1) the problem is not so simple as we first thought.a. easyb. difficultc. stupidd. hard2) the answer must vary with these

32、presumed circumstances.a. different fromb. appearinc. change fromd. the same as3) these data have been collected from all sorts of sources.a. certainb. variousc. exactd. personal4) economic reform will continue to be painful and ineffective.a. uselessb. ashamedc. relaxedd. palekeys: aaba2.词性转换1) pro

33、duct : v.生产； n.生产者2) attract: n.吸引力； adj.吸引人的3) appear: n.出现，外貌，外观； v.消失4) ineffective: adj.有效的； n.影响，效果keys: 1. produce; producer 2. attraction; attractive 3. appearance; disappear4. effective; effect attract conclusion promote on average package3.选词填空：如有必要，须改变单词的形式。1. you dont have to sacrifice en

34、vironmental protection to _ economic growth.2. its not a law of gravity, but _, that tends to be true.3. a city is like any product, it has to _ properly to be attractive to the consumer.4. over the years ive come to the _ that shes a very great musician.5. i had always been _ by the idea of working

35、 abroad.keys: promote; on average; be packaged; conclusion; attracted 4. 语法填空shopping is not as simple as you may think! there are all sorts of tricks at play each time we reach out for that particular brand of product _1_ the shelf.colouring, for example, _2_(vary) according to what the producers a

36、re trying to sell. health foods _3_(package) in greens, yellows or browns because we think of these as healthy colours. ice cream packets are often blue and expensive goods, like chocolates, are gold or silver.when some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, _4_(research) found that the colou

37、rs turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and _5_(effect). eventually, it came on the market in a dark blue and white packageblue because we think of it _6_ safe, and white as calm.the size of a product can attract a shopper. _7_ quite often a bottle doesnt contain as much

38、as it appears to.it is believed that the better-known companies spend, on average, 70 percent of the total cost of the product _8_(it) on packaging!the most successful producers know that its not enough to have a good product. the founder of pears soap, _9_ for 25 years has used pretty little girls

39、to promote their goods, came to the _10_(conclude): “any fool can make soap, but it takes a genius to sell it.”keys: 1. on 2. varies 3. are packaged 4. researchers 5. ineffective 6. as 7. but 8. itself 9. who 10. conclusion c we live in a digital world now, and a students technology needs have chang

40、ed. for the early years, say when you are in primary school, you can get by with no technology at all. even if you have a computer, its a good idea to get children familiar with libraries. at this age, trips to the library are like family outings. as you get closer to middle school, a computer with

41、internet access becomes more of a necessity. teachers will often give assignments that require a student to use the internet for research. after a computer, technology choices for students become more difficult to make especially when it comes to cell-phones. kids will beg their parents for a cell-p

42、hone, especially in middle school. for many parents, its a safety issue: they want to know that their kids can reach them quickly if necessary. for teachers, cell phones can be used to record lessons when students are absent. but many teachers dislike cell-phones. some kids send messages or have tal

43、ks in the class. sending messages also raises the problem of cheating on exams. more and more schools are now forbidding the use of cell-phones. many kids see ipods as necessary things to have. ipods are great for music, but do they do anything good for your childrens education? maybe they do. thats

44、 the opinion of doug johnson, an educator for 30 years. johnson says that educators should accept all new forms of technology in the classroom, including ipods. “some do more with their cell- phones than we can do with our laptops,” he jokes. “i dont think we should be afraid. the truth is that its

45、easier to change the way we teach than to change the technology habits of an entire generation.”(1) 单词及短语1. digital adj. 数字的；数码的2.technology n. 技术3.familiar adj. 熟悉的；熟知的4.outing n. 郊游；远足；外出5.necessity n. 需要；必需品；必然6.assignment n. 分配；任务；委派7.especially adv. 特别；尤其 8.necessary adj. 必要的；必然的9.cheating n. 欺

46、骗行为 10.afraid adj. 担心的；害怕的11.entire adj. 全部的；完整的；全面的(2) 阅读题1. according to author, primary school children should_. a. use the computer and the internet regularly b. ask their parents to buy them cell-phones c. buy ipods to listen to music d. go to libraries to read more books2. why do parents agree

47、 to buy their children cell-phones? a. they want their children to be cool. b. they think cell-phones be helpful to their study. c. they want to keep in touch with their children. d. they want their children to keep up to date.3. the following are all reasons why many teachers dislike cell-phones ex

48、cept _. a. cell-phones can be used to cheat on exams b. schoolchildren will send messages during class c. cell-phones can be used to record lessons d. schoolchildren might talk on them during class4. what does the underlined word “that” refers to? a. ipods can be used to listen to music. b. ipods ca

49、n be helpful for childrens education.c. ipods can be used to play games. d. ipods are necessary for childrens lives.5. we can infer from what doug johnson said that _. a. cell-phones are not useful to students b. teachers should let students use cell-phones c. its better for teachers to change their

50、 teaching methods d. schoolchildren should follow the trends(潮流) of fashionkeys: 1-5 dccbc(三)练习1.单词连线digital whole; total; with all partsouting essential for a purpose; that cannot be done without or avoidedfamiliar a system in which information is represented in necessity a journey taken for pleasu

51、reassignment well known or easily recognizedespecially anything indispensableentire a duty that you are assigned to performafraid in a special mannernecessary filled with fear or apprehension2.词性转换1) necessary:_adv.必然地；必定地；必需地2) afraid: _为某人某事担心 _怕某事某人 _怕做某事3) especially: _adj.特别的；特殊的4) assignment:

52、_v.分配；指定；指派5) familiar:_对.熟悉3. 一词多义：写出下列单词及短语在句中的意思1) familiar a . 熟悉的，熟知的 b . 熟人，常客( ) i am not really familiar with the local laws.( ) a familiar will assist the wizard2） assignment a . 差遣 b . 作业 c . 分配 d . 布置( ) this is robert mundells assignment rule.( ) how are you going to get through the assi

53、gnment?( ) i await assignment at any moment.4. 句子翻译1) sending messages also raises the problem of cheating on exams. more and more schools are now forbidding the use of cell-phones._2) the truth is that its easier to change the way we teach than to change the technology habits of an entire generatio

54、n._ dwhen we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. but what are these really, and how do they operate?leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. if this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. if you order someone to do something against their wil