2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺：专题02【形容词和副词】解析版

1、2021届高考二轮英语备考专项冲刺专题02【形容词和副词】语法增分攻略解析版单元命题规律小结解题指导:触类旁通寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”形容词和副词细识别1 利用词类用法确左用词 名词前和系动词后应用形容词，行为动词前后、形容词前、过去分词前、句首和句尾等 用副词。 系动词后作表语，表“的之意时用形容词，而不用副词或名词。 作表语，说明主语是“什么”，用划词。2两者比较用比较级，三者或三者以上比较用最高级。3记住 perfects favoriteexcellentx superior 无比较等级。4意义有别的同根副词,如：hard/hardly （努力地/几乎不）、bcsidc/bcsid

2、cs （在旁边/另外）、close/closely （靠近地/真切地）、most/mostly （最；最大/主要地）看到四种情况，想到比较等级1 看到与than连用，要想到用比较级2看到and, but, or等连词前而或后而用比较等级形式，要想到用比较等级 3看到语境中暗含的比较含义，要想到用比较级（二者之间）或最高级（三者及以上）4.看到下列固泄搭配，要想到用比较等级（l）the+比较级, the+比较级 （2）the+最高级+标志性词语或从句【艺考速背】单元核心考点简洁背诵考点突破针对提能 一 . 明考点，攻重难，有效提升考点一形容词和副词的基本用法1. 形容词的基本用法形容词在句中可作

3、立语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语等。（2019江苏卷）Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people flexible options to exercise.不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼给人们提供了灵活的锻炼选项。【名师点津】（1）形容词作状语主要表示原因、结果或伴随等，英逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。Light-hearted and optimistic, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.她无忧

4、无虑、积极乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来快乐的人。（2）有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词，而不是副词。常见的有：friendly, lovely, lively, lonely, elderly, deadly 等。2. 副词的基本用法（1）副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。（2019-天聿卷）A dogs eating habit requires regular trauung before it is properly established. 狗的饮食习惯在正确建立之前需要定期的训练。【名师点津】有些副词,如 fortunately, luckily, s

5、uiprisingly. honestly, actually, personally 等作评注性状语, 往往修饰整个句子，而且它们常位于句首，且有逗号与后而的句子分开。（安徽卷）Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end. 谢天谢地，我终于打完比赛了，所有的辛苦最终都是值得的。常考的连接性副词：though 然而，可是（用于句末）:meanwhile在此期间”； tlierefore/thus/consequently 11 此，所以：moreover/furthermo

6、re此外”：besides另外，还有： however然而：instead相反，代替：anyway/anyhow尽管，即使这样；otherwise否则。 （天i聿卷）The young man couldnt afford a new car.Instead, he bought a used one.这个年轻人买不起一辆新车，相反，他买了一辆二手车。（江西卷）The house was too expensive and too big. Besides, Id grown fond of our little rented house.那所房子太贵、太大了。此外，我已经越来越喜欢我们租的这

7、间小屋了。易用错的几类副词beside在旁边besides此外，而且late迟；晚later以后;后来latest最近的，最新的ago以前（以现在为起点）before以前（以过去为起点）somewhere 某处everywhere 到处high在高处;高highly髙度地：很；非常wide广阔地;充分地widely广泛地：普遍地deep深深地deeply深刻地；深沉地free免费地freely自由地：畅通地close接近：紧挨着closely仔细地：紧密地hard努力地hardly几乎不near在附近nearly几乎，差不多考点二形容词和副词的比较等级1 比较级和最髙级的构成（1）规则变化词形

8、分类及变化构成原级比较级最髙级单音节 词和少 数双音 节词般加-cr或-csttalltallertallestlonglongerlongest以结尾的，只加或nicenicernicestfinefinerfinest以重读闭音节结尾且末 尾只有一个辅音字母 的，先双写该辅音字母 再加或cstbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottestfatfatterfattest以“辅音字母加-y结尾 的，先变y为i再加-cr 或happyhappierhappiesteasyeasiereasiest其他双 音节词 和多音 节词在前而加more或mostdifficultmore

9、 difficultmost difficultbeautifulmorebeautifulmost beautiful【洛师点津】1 有少数几个双音节以及-ow, -er, -le结尾的词,既可以加er和est,又可以加more和most 构成比较级和最髙级常考的词有：common, clever, simple, quiet, st叩id等。2表示“最高程度的形容词，如excellent, extreme, perfect, favorite, wonderful等,没有最髙级， 也不能用比较级。有些词不与than连用可用于比较，如be senior to等。(2)不规则变化原级比较级最高

10、级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostoldolder/elderoldest/eldestlittlelessleastfarfarther（具体）farthest（具体）further（抽象）furthest（抽象）2 比较等级的用法(1)同级比较 as+adj/adv.(原级)4-as.和样not as/so+adj./adv.(原级)4-as.和不一样(天津卷)Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue.虽然我像以前一样努力工作，但 我没有感到疲劳。 当a

11、s.as结构中有名词时，可用以下结构：as+形容词原级+a(n)+n.+asas 4-many+可数名词复数+as.as+much+不可数名词+as.Fm not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never had as tiring a day as today.今天对房间进行了大扫除之后我很累，我从来没有过比今天更累的一 天了。比较级形容词/副词比较级+ thaiT表示“俩者中一方比另一方更二“less +形容词/副词原级+ 比较级+than anything/anyone

12、elseYour story is perfect； Ive never heard a better one before.你的故事太完美了，我以前从未听过比这更好听的故事。The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/than all the other rivers/than any of the other rivers in China长江比中国的英他任何一条河都长。(4)含有比较等级的特殊句型气he+adj/adv.er, the+adj./adv.-ef越，就越(2)6tadj./adv.-er4-and + adj./adv.

13、-ef 越来越 hhe+adjv+ofthc two+4词皿某人或某物是两者中较的那个 no more than仅仅not more than 多：不超过 more.than-，与其说倒不如说” no+比较级+ than “和一样不“ not+比较级+than“不比更” 倍数句型a. Ais+倍数+比较级4-than+Bb. A is+倍数+as+原级+as+Bc. Ais+倍数+the+名词(size, length, height 等)+of+B(全国卷IH)The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared.

14、一篇文章越积极，就越可能被分享。More and more people realize the importance of learning a foreign language well.越来越多的人认识到学好一门外语的重要性。(江苏卷)The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.总的来说，电子废弃物正以比传统垃圾快三倍的速度增加oIS 【忒题務爲】 一3年爲考2年模拟忒题跟踪检测二迁移应用练模拟，练规范，夯基提能I.奇考真题诊断单句语法填空

15、1. （2020全国 I） Data about the moons composition, such as howice and other treasuresit contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar（月球的）base are practical.2. （2020-全国卷 II） Branches of Plum Blossoms（梅花人 The （beauty） long branchescovered with pink-colored buds（禧蕾）make fantastic

16、 decorations.3. （2020-全国卷 III） One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait（画像）done so he called allgreat artists to come and present their （fine） work, so that he could choose the best.4. （2019-全国卷 I） It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of therange has been （p

17、oor） studied; howeve匚biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.5. （2019全国卷 I） Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating（聚集）around human settlementsjeading to the illusiond：） that populations are （high）than they actually arc.【答案详解】1

18、答案：much 解析：icc是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much.2答案：beautiful修饰名词branches,用形容词形式故填beautiful.3答案：finest解析：结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的此处应用形 容词最髙级finest.故填finest.4.答案：poorly解析：由于对北极熊活动的范用研究很少，很难讣算出全球北极熊的 数屋。分析句子结构可知设空处修饰谓语动词has been studied,应用副词作状语，填poorly 意为“研究很少覽5答案:higher解析：空格后而有than.所以空格处用比较级higher.II 精选典题形容词和副词

19、专题对点训练单句语法填空6. Landmg on die moons far side is (extreme) challenging7. As the small boat moved. (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by themountains being silently reflected in the water.8. It is an (attract) place full of ancient bridges, traditional hotels and restaurants allbuilt aroun

20、d an amazing water network that is part of the BeijingHangzhou canal, the (long) canal in the world9. Her years of hard work have(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名)her to be Cheshire s Woman Of The Year.10. They also shared with us many (tradition)stories about Hawaii that were(

21、huge)popular with tourists11 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal runners live three years(Iong)than non-runners12. A taste for meat is (actual)behind the change:An important part of itscorn is used to feed chickens.pigs,and cattle13. He screams the(loud)of all. The noise shakes th

22、e trees as the male beats his chest andcharges toward me.14. Thinking his key was controversial t I devoted myself to the problem heart and soul, trying tofigure it out in a different way. Twenty minutes(late), I succeeded in finding, in myopinion, the right key.15.1 was scanning the restaurant, wai

23、ting to sit at the first table that was (convenient)than others【答案详解】6答案:extremely解析：空处修饰形容词challenging,应使用extreme的副词形式， 故填 extremely.7答案:gently解析:此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently,表示“缓缓地二故填gently.&答案：attractive： longest解析：第一个空修饰place.故应用形容词attractive,表示 “吸引人的二第二个空前而有the,空后有比较范m in the world,故应填最高级longest,表 示“最

24、长的“。9. 答案：finally解析：空格处应为副词词性，修饰动词，故填finally.10. 答案：traditional解析：考査形容词形式；hugely副词修饰形容词。11 答案：longer解析：句中有（han.故用long的比较级longer.12.答案：actually解析：这里需填副词来修饰谓语动词is.13答案：loudest解析：根据语境和空后的of all的修饰可知，空处应用副词的最髙 级。14. 答案：later解析：句意：由于认为他的答案有争议，我全心全意地研究这一问题, 试图用不同的方法把它解出来。二十分钟以后，我找到了自己认为正确的答案date表示“迟, 晚”，l

25、ater表示“后来，以后”。15. 答案：more convenient解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“than可知，空 处用形容词的比较级。III.精选典题形容词和副词专题对点训练单句改错16. Like most grown-ups, she enjoys folk songs, because the peacefully music reminds her of her beautiful life when she was young.17. After an hour or so we began to feel very frightening .18. Over the

26、 past few decades, we have developed an amazing network of public transportation. Beside, we iiave decided to make efforts to make it much better.19. But I think wed better hate more outdoor actn ities. As students, we usually sit too longer m the classroom, and as a result our eyes and brains get t

27、ired.20. As a result.people in modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past.【答案详解】16. 答案：peacefully*peaceful解析：句意：像大多数成年人一样，她喜欢民歌，因为 平静的音乐让她回想起她年轻时的美好时光。music为名词，前应用形容词修饰，故将 peacefully 改为 peaceful17.答案：frightening改为frightened解析：考查形容词frightened意为“某人感到害怕 的s1&答案：Beside-Besides解析

28、：句意：过去的几十年以来，我们已经发展了令人惊 叹的公共交通网络。除此之外，我们还决圧努力使它变得更好。前后两句话之间是递进的逻 辑关系,故用besides,表示“除此之外“。beside是介词,表示“在旁边。“19.答案：longer -long解析：句意：但是我认为，我们最好进行更多的外活动。作为 学生，我们通常在教室里坐的时间太长，结果我们的眼睹和大脑变得疲劳。副词too修饰形 容词、副词原级。20答案：去掉more解析：因为longer本身已经是比较级，不能再用more修饰。IV.精选典题形容词和副词专题对点训练短文语法填空Mary had lived in China for 21.

29、(near) twenty years before she came here Fveplanned to visit China next year. So I requested her to tell me the 22.(good)time to gothere. Mary said to me/The most comfortable time to visit China is either between March and May or between September and early November. During these months, the weather is23. (particular)pleasant throughout the country, neither too hot nor too cold,” Im24. (interest)in tasting all kinds of food all over the world I asked her to say somethingabout the 25.(China)fo