直接引语和间接引语.习题版--

1、Direct speech and in direct speech直接引语和间接引语知识精讲引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式 ：一是原封不动地引用原话 ，把它放在括 号内，这叫直接引语(Direct speech);一是用自己的话加以转述 ,这叫间接引语 (In direct speech).引述时，原话中的人称代词、物主代词、动词时态以及指示代词、时间状 语和地点状语等都要有相应的变化。1. 人称的变化：直接引语变间接引语后，人称要做相应的变化。人称的 变(一随主、二随宾、三不变 )(1) He said, I like it very much.他说：我非常喜欢它。”He said tha

2、t liked it very much.他说他非常喜欢它。(2) He said to me,” I ve left my book in your room.”他说对我说：我把书放在你的房间里了。”Heme that had left book inroom.他告诉我把书放在我的房间里了。2. 时态的变化直接引语与间接引语时态变化对照一览表直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时said Anne.(1) I don t want to set dow n a series of facts in a diary,Anne said

3、that to set down a series of facts in a diary.(2) He said, I m using the knife.He said that the knife.(3) She said, I have not heard from him since May.She said that from him since May.(4) He said, I saw her in the street.He said that her in the street.(5) He said, I had fini shed my homework before

4、 supper.He said that homework before supper.(7) Zhou Ian said,I II do it afterclass.Zhou Ian said that it after class.nowthe ntodaythat daythis week/m on th/yearthat week/m on th/yearlast week/m on th/yearthe week/ mon th/year beforetomorrowthe n ext/follow ing dayn extweek/m on th/yearyesterdaythe

5、next week/m on th/yearthe day beforeheretherecomegothisthatthesethose(1) she said:Come this morni ng.She said that(2) He said, These books are mine.He said that books.(3) He said, It is nine o _now. cloc：9He said that it nine o clock .9(4) He said,:My sister was here, ihree days. ago.He said that si

6、sterthere _ He said,I haventoden herHe said that her.他说他那天没有见过她。 She said,I went theseerday.她说：我昨天在那里。”She said thatthere .她说她昨天去过那里。 She said, I ll gtomereow.她说：我明天会去那里。”She said thatthere/.她说她明天会去那里(8) He said, “ They will athivelay after tomorrow.他说：他们后天到那里。He said that they“一他说他们两天后到那里。(9) She s

7、aid,came here to see n the doctor the day before yesterday.”她说：“我前天到这里看医生。”She said there to see the doctor.她说她两天前到这里看医生。 直接引语如果是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：He said, “ Light travels much faster than sound.”He said that light much faster than sound” 如果在当地转述，here不必改为there，动词come不必改为go，如 果在当天转述，yesterday, tomo

8、rrow等时间状语也不必改变. 直接引语中有明确表示过去时间的状语，在变为间接引语时， 一般过去时通常不变。He said: ” I was born in 1990 in Beijing.”He said he born in 1990 in Beijing. 主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时，直接引语变为间接引语时， 时态通常不变。He says:Tom is good at Chinese. He says that Tom good at Chinese.He said:I was liste ning to music whe n she came in.He said that

9、he to music when she came in.He said:Where there is a will, there is a way.He said where therea will,there a way.1. We go to school on Saturday, too.They say.They say thatto school on Saturday, too.2. My teacher said,she is a good stude nt.My teacher said that was a good student.3. You must be on ti

10、me for your less ons.He said to me.He told me thaton time forless ons.4. :totell, order, request, ask,re min d,war nadviseorder,tell,ask,request,re min d,war nadvise+ +not.pleaseask sb (not) to do sth2pleasetell/order/advise sb (not) to do sth(1) She said to us,please sit dow n.She usdow n.(2) he sa

11、id to him.gO他对他说：走开!He ordered himaway .他命令他走开。Mother said to me,Come back b妈妈对我说：十点以前回来。”Mother told meback before 10。妈妈嘱咐我十点以前回去。he said, “ don t make so much nois他说ays.孩子们，不要大声吵闹。He told the boys so much noise.他告诉孩子们不要大声吵闹。1. Mother said to him, don t cry! -hMhother cry.2. I said to him yesterday

12、, please come early. t Yesterday Ihim early.(1) 、间接引语中不能用 say;(2) 、祈使句中的please在间接引语中必须去掉；(3) 、人称代词、指示代词、时间和地点状语等也要相应变化。5. 疑问句 一般疑问句(用 whether/if引导宾语从句，从句改为陈述语序，问号 改为句号；主句的谓语动词为 said，则改为asked;主句谓语动词后没有间接宾语， 可以加一个间接宾语 me, him, her, us等。其次，人称、时态和状语的变化与陈 述句直接引语变为间接引语的方法相同。)(1)“ Do you think a diary can

13、become your friend?” the writer says.作者问：你认为日记能成为你的朋友吗？”The writer asks usbecome our friend.作者问我们是否为日记能成为我们的朋友She said, “ Did you see him last night?她问：你昨天晚上看到他了吗？”She asked mehim the night before.她问我前一天是否看到他了。(3) She said, Is your father at home?She asked meat home.1. Is your mother a doctor?Lucy a

14、sked me.Lucy asked me a doctor.2. He said., Did you see the girl?He asked the girl or not.(1) What do you want?he asked me.o An father said tHe asked me (2) When did you go to bed last ni ght?Father asked Anne tobed .I.1. She asked whether I have already got well.2. He said he bought a beautiful car

15、 the day ago.3. The shop assista nt asked me which one I will take.4. He asked me what the mater was with me.5. He said to me don t dohat again.6. Can you make sure whe n he will come here today.7. He told us that he would give us an exam in ati on n ext day.8.1 said to her: lam going to have my hai

16、r cut that day. ”9.1 de to know when he begin to learn Chinese.10. The teacher said the earth went around the sun.11. Tom told us that he had been born in 1990.12. Mother asked me where I went the n ext day.13. The teacher told us not talk any more.14. He said that he fini shed his work.15. He asked

17、 me who I am.II.将下列句子变为间接引语：1. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.t Please tell me the train .2. What time did he get up today? I don t know.t i don t know wh time up today.3. “ Yoishould be more careful next time, his father said to him.4. Mr. Wang said,willeave for Shan ghai on bus in ess

18、n ext mon th,childre n5. haven heard from my parents these days, said Mary.6. The geography teacher said to us, “ Thmoon moves around the earth and the earth goes round the sun. ”7. She said to him, It timethat you left here. ”8. Zhang Hong said to me,“ DoctoiWang passed away in 1948. ”9. Joh n said

19、 to his pare nts,had lear ned 500 Chin ese words by the end oflast term. ”10. The history teacher said to them,ThChi nese Communist Party wasfounded on July 1st ,1921.11.He said,Areyou a stude nt?12.Havou anything interesting I can read, George? she said.13.She here to ask for help, isn she? he aske

20、d.14.Whereare you going? the father asked his son.15.Argou sorry for what you have done? themother asked the n aughty boy.16.She said,Di(you meet this man at the stati on two hours ago, Mr.Li?17.Write/our n ames on your papers first, theteacher said to us.18.Pleasecome here again tomorrow, her frien

21、d said to her.19.Leme pack the parcel for you, he said.20.Don make so much noise in class, boys and girls, said the teacher.1.1 really did nt know that your father(be) a teacher.2. Have you see n Tom recen tly? I won der if he(get )al ong well with hisstudies.3. The teacher asked what we(think) of t

22、he film that we had see n lastweek.4. He told me no one could be sure what man(will)look like in a millio nyear.5. Mike said he(come) back to China the n ext day.6. Tom Hanks told his frie nd that he(be) born in 2000.7. Mr. Gree n asked Lily whether she(write) to her father the daybefore.8. He said

23、his bike (be) stolen and he would have to telephone thepolice.clock.9. The monitor told us that there(go)to be a meeting at two o答案I. 1.had 2.ago-before 3.will-would 4.what was the matter5.told;not 6.when-that 7.the next day 8.that day-today 9.began10. Went-goes 11.had been-was 12.went-would go 13.t

24、o talk 14.had finished 15. Am-wasII.1. His father told him that he should be more careful the next time.2. Mr. Wang told the children that he would leave for Shanghai on business the next month.3. Mary said that she hadn hteard from her parents those days.4. The geography teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth and th e earth goes round the sun.5. She told him that it was time that he left there.6. Zhang Hong told me that Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.7. John told his parents that he had learned 500 Chinese word