高三英语第一轮总复习Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNaturalWorld金品学案外研版必修4VIP

1、module 6unexplained mysteries of the natural world核心单词1. attackvt.进攻，袭击；攻击；（疾病）侵袭，抨击；着手处理n.攻击；（疾病）侵袭，发作the minister was attacked by the newspapers for promising to help the workers.部长因答应帮助工人们而遭到了报纸的抨击。the enemy were attacked at midnight.午夜时分敌人遭到袭击。tigers rarely attack a person from the front.老虎很少从正面

2、攻击人。we will attack the matter at once.我们将立即着手处理这件事。when is the zero-hour for the attack?发动攻击的确切时间是什么时候？常用结构：make an attack on 对进行攻击 /抨击attack .for . 因而攻击/抨击under attack在攻击下air attack 空袭a heart attack心脏病突发a heart attack or stroke may be the first warning of underlying disease.心脏病发作或中风可能是潜在疾病的最初警告。att

3、acker n. 攻击者attackable adj.可侵蚀的，可腐蚀的2. claimvt.要求（应得权利）；声称；断言；夺去（生命）；认领vi.要求；声称n.要求；主张；断言常用结构：claim sth.要求得到 ；认领claim sth. back要回/索回某物claim+that-clause/to do sth. 声称；声称做某事lay claim to （doing） sth.声称有得到的权利have no claim to sth./on sb.无权要求某物或某人make a claim for . 提出的要求he claims to have discovered a new

4、planet.他声称发现了一颗新行星。have you claimed the insurance yet?你索取保险金了吗？fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea.渔夫和水手们有时声称自己看到过海里的妖怪。you have no claim to the throne.你没有获得王位的权利。the government s claim that war was necessary was clearly mistaken.政府声称战争是必需的，这种说法显然是错误的。3. calmadj.（天

5、气、海洋）平静的；无风的；镇静的；沉着的v.（使）平静；（使）镇定it is the most important to keep calm when handling the urgent matter.在处理紧急事情时要记住最重要的就是保持镇定。they stayed calm in face of danger.面对危险，他们保持冷静。the sea was calm at the beginning of our voyage.我们出海时，海上风平浪静。try and calm yourself down, and your mind will be easy again. 设法使自己

6、镇静下来，你的头脑就会再次放松。i do not have anything to hold in my hand to calm my nerves.我手里没有什么东西让我拿着以便使我平静下来。易混辨析calm/quiet/still/silentcalm安静的。表示环境时，多指天气和海洋，主要指“风平浪静的”；指人时，表示“沉着的，镇静的”。quiet 安静的。表示环境时，指寂静状态，没有吵闹；指人时，表示好静的性格，不易激动。still 静止的，寂静的。侧重指完全不动或完全无声；指人时，强调一动不动。silent 寂静的，沉默的。强调不发出声音。4. adaptv.使适应；适应；改编；改

7、写 常用结构：adapt to .adapt oneself to .be adapted for .be adapted from .适应使自己适应为改编；被改编成 根据改编can you adapt your way of thinking to the new life-style?你能使你的思想适应新的生活方式吗？children adapt quickly to new surroundings.儿童能很快适应新环境。i suggested he should adapt himself to his new conditions.我认为他应该使自己适应新的情况。the materi

8、al can be adapted for use by older children.这些材料改一下可以给大一点的孩子用。adaptable adj.能适应的；可改编的adaptation n. 改编；适应易混辨析adapt/adjust这一结构时，区别为改编/改写）或二者都可以表示适应环境，用于 adapt/adjust （oneself） to sth.不大。adapt 还可表示“改编,改写“，可用于 adapt .for .（根据改编/改写）；而adjust可表示“调整，调节”，此时两者不adapt .from .（ 能互换。 5. indicatev.表明；指示；象征；暗示whent

9、he plants indicate they need water, the robots can sprinkle them from a water pump.当植物表现出缺水的样子时，机器人可以用抽水机对它们进行喷洒。the illustration and experimental results indicate that the method is effective.图解和实验结果显示此方法是有效可行的。the black clouds indicate that it will rain soon.乌云象征着天很快就要下雨。don t forget to indicate b

10、efore turning.拐弯之前别忘记打信号灯。常用结构： indicate sth. 象征； 表明； 标志indicate sth. to sb.向某人指出；向某人表示indication n. 表明；象征；显示 indicator n.指示器；指示剂6. fortunen. u机会；运气；c财产，财富she inherited a large fortune.她继承了一大笔财产。every man is the architect of his own fortune.每个人都是自己命运的设计师。常用结构：make a/one s fortune 发大财seek one s fortu

11、ne 闯天下；寻求财富 try one s fortune碰碰运气have the fortune to do 有幸做be fortunate in doing sth./to do sth.在方面运气好if i were you, i would try my fortune in hollywood.我要是你，就会去好莱坞碰碰运气。fortunate adj. 幸运的fortunately adv. 幸运地i was fortunate to catch today s last bus to jinan at the last minute.我很幸运在最后一分钟赶上了去济南的最后一班车。

12、重点短语7. die out灭绝，绝种；（习俗、传统）消失；过时those species inadaptable to changing conditions may die out.那些不能适应环境变化的物种可能会灭绝。the dark night is coming , and everything will die out in it.黑夜即将来临，一切都将消失在其中。the old traditions are dying out.旧传统正在消失。联想拓展die away 渐渐停止；逐渐减弱/消失（尤指声音、风、光）；静下来die down（火焰、风暴、疼痛等）降低，减弱，平息；谣言

13、消失die of/from . 因而死die off相继而亡；逐个死亡be dying for sth./to do sth.极想 / 渴望（做）某事the members of the family all died off.这家人一个个都去世了。the animal died of starvation in the snow.这个动物在雪中饿死了。i m dying for a cup of coffee.我真想喝一杯咖啡。they waited until the storm died down.他们一直等到暴风雨停息。8. throw light on使（问题）较容易理解；阐明某事（

14、相当于cast light on）these discoveries may throw some new light on the origins of the universe.这些发现可能会使人类更进一步了解宇宙的起源。but there was nothing to throw light on the connection between the two men. 但没有什么东西能使人了解这两人之间的关系。to look intohe seemed not to think of some suitable words to throw light on his opinion. 他

15、似乎想不出恰当的字眼来阐明自己的观点。if you don t throw light on the matter, we ll ask the head-teacher it.如果你不阐明这件事，我们将要求校长来调查。联想拓展come to light为人所知；被披露；揭露bring sth. to light揭露;暴露see the light （of day）（想法、计划、规定）出台 ；颁布in the light of 考虑到；鉴于the details of the murder came to light.大家都知道了这起凶杀案的细节。he will probably change

16、 his mind in the light of the latest information.鉴于最新的资料，他很可能会改变主意。9. due to由于，因为；应付给（其中 to为介词）the wages due to him will be paid tomorrow.他应得的工资明天付给他。a company go bankrupt due to poor management.一家公司因经营管理不善而破产。the deadly disease finally disappeared due to the development of the vaccine.这种致命的疾病因为疫苗的发

17、明终于绝迹了。the accident was due to careless driving.这起车祸起因于粗心驾驶。be due to do sth. 即将；预定/预期做某事the teacher is due to make two speeches tomorrow.这位老师预期明天演讲两次。i m due to meet him this afternoon.我约定今天下午去见他。易混辨析due to/because of/owing to/thanks todue to既可以用作状语，也可用作表语或后置定语，不放在句首。because of 只能用作状语。owing to 多用作状

18、语。thanks to只能用作状语，往往表示正面意思，意为“幸亏，多亏”。重点句型10. there have been reports of monster in lake tianchi since the beginning of the last century, although no one has seen one close up.尽管没有人近距离地看清楚过，但从上个世纪初开始就已经有关于天池怪物的报道了。there have been 是there be 句型的现在完成时。除了现在完成时以外，there be 句型还可用般现在时 there is/are; 过去时 there

19、 was/were; 过去完成时 there had been; 一 般将来时 there will be/there is going to be。there is a table and two chairs in the room.屋子里有一张桌子，两张椅子。there will be no clean water to drink in the future.未来将再没有清洁的水供饮用了。等代替。there be 句型中的 be有时可以用 live, stand, lie, come, sitthere be句型也可以和其他一些助动词，情态动词或谓语动词连用。 联想拓展there mi

20、ght bethere must be - there is likely to be there used to be there seems to be there happens to be there appears to be there is sure to be可能有定有可能有从前有；曾经有 似乎有；好像有 碰巧有 似乎有一定有用心爱心专心once upon a time there lived a king in china.从前，中国有一位国王。构词法i.利用派生法，品句填词the child has in the eyes so he has to see anything. he is to readanything but it doesnt him in other aspect