新编英语教程6unit4Aredlightforscofflaws课件

1、1 Unit 4 A Red Light for Scofflaws 2 3 Outline: I. (Para. 1) The problem: millions of Americans are breaking the legal codes. Examples Quotation II. (Para. 2-4) Varieties of scofflaws Para. 2 Scofflaws abound in amazing variety. Examples Para. 3 The most immediately and measurably dangerous scofflaw

2、ry is the _. Examples Statistics Para. 4 The most flagrant scofflaw is the _. Examples Quotation most visible red-light runner 4 III. (Para. 5-8) Dangers of scofflaws Para. 5 The flouting of basic rules harms society because scofflaws show no _ to the social rules and display _ for the fundamentals

3、of order. Para. 6 Today scofflawry is pervasive and represents _. Example Para. 7 The scofflawry is not only a matter of etiquette. It may lead to _. Examples respect contempt the elementary social demoralization violent crimes 5 Para. 8 Scofflawry at various level of society shakes the foundation o

4、f U.S. law more than violent crimes do. Examples Quotations different levels: government at many levels 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ IV. (Para. 9) Conclusion The thesis: Scofflawry is extremely _ and U. S. society must do something about it. police state legislatures the Administration in Washington infectious or

5、dinary citizens 6 What do they mean? scofflaw, scofflawry n. take to (l. 7) litter-bugs (l. 14) pot (l. 17) joint (l. 19) stitches (l. 62) skirt (l. 69) translation (l. 83) Scoff+law like people who litter in public places marijuana cigarette containing marijuana on the wound avoid explanation 7 Sco

6、fflaw is a noun coined during the Prohibition era meaning a person who drinks illegally. It is a compound of the words scoff and law, meaning one who mocks or ridicules the law. The meaning has since been extended to describe one who flouts any law, especially those which are difficult to enforce, a

7、nd particularly traffic laws. 8 Translate the following phrases into English 违法者 随意对待 乱扔垃圾 骗税 非法制造噪音 机动车无序 理所当然的事情 视觉垃圾 垃圾场 对熟视无睹 避人耳目 乱穿马路的人 逃票者 law-breaker take liberties with outlaw litter tax cheating illicit noise motorized anarchy a matter of course visual rubbish trash dumps be blind to duck

8、out of public sight jaywalker fare beater 9 Translate the following phrases into English 公害 醉驾 闯红灯 违反交通规则 对半的机率 个别现象 生命危险 社会道德败坏 不文明行为 守法公民 打法律的擦边球 执法不力 作壁上观 public nuisance drunk driving red-light running traffic violation 50-50 toss-up/chance individual instance mortal peril social demoralization

9、incivility law-abiding citizen skirt the law fail to enforce law sit still 10 Can you find more useful expressions? 11 Find expressions about law, crime or scofflawry, traffic violation and car. 12 Laws: law-and-order legal codes rules ordinances rules of the road statutes 13 Crime and scofflawry: d

10、ereliction outlaw traffic violation law-breaker law-breaking culprit minor wrong major crime violent crime transgression noncompliance incivility 不文明行为 litter tax cheating illicit noise motorized anarchy graffiti hooliganism pot-smoker use of cocaine jaywalking spitting fare beater 14 守法守法 abide by

11、the law comply with the law observe the law obey the law keep the law 15 Traffic violation and car double parking 并排泊车 drunk driving speeding red-light running rear-end 追尾 stop signals stoplight high-beam lights 远光灯 windshield 挡风玻璃 tail lights 尾灯 dump-truck 自动卸货车 stalled car 抛锚的汽车 16 Part I I. (Para

12、. 1) The problem: millions of Americans are breaking the legal codes. Thesis statement: millios of Americans, are taking increasing liberties with the legal codes. 17 Part I synonyms let alone illegal heedlessly negligence not to mention much less illicit dereliction blithely 18 Part I take libertie

13、s (a liberty) with: behave in a bold or impolite way towards 随意对待，放肆 e.g. take liberties with ones health take great liberties with grammar The director of the play has taken too many liberties with the original novel. take the liberty to do sth. take the liberty of sth. e.g. I took the liberty of u

14、sing your computer when you are away. May I take the liberty of calling you ? 19 Part I take to: like; start doing sth. as a habit e.g. He has taken to getting up at 6 and going jogging. Hes taken to drinking. 20 Part II varieties of scofflaws Para. 2 Scofflaws abound in amazing variety. Examples Pa

15、ra. 3 The most immediately and measurably dangerous scofflawry is the most visible. Examples Statistical data Para. 4 The most flagrant scofflaw is the red-light runner. Examples Quotation 21 P2 abound: v. be plentiful (l. 11) e.g. Rumors abound as to the reason for his resignation. Sarcasm abounds

16、in “Fortress Besieged”. flurry: abundance, great quantity pass around: offer flagrant: notorious What does “hello, Everybody” mean? 22 P2 coined compound words the graffiti-prone litter-bugs two-wheeled vehicles high-decibel portable radios the beer-soaked hooliganism middle- and upper-class life 23

17、 P3 What is the most immediately and measurably dangerous scofflaws? What dangers have they caused? 24 P3 beater: swindler, cheater measurably: greatly add up to: result in colossal: very large open highway: broad highway 25 P4 flout: treat with contempt wane: decline roulette Russian roulette 26 Pa

18、rt III Dangers of scofflaws Para. 5 The flouting of basic rules harms society because scofflaws show no respect to the social rules and display contempt for the fundamentals of order. Para. 6 Today scofflawry is pervasive and represents the elementary social demoralization. Example Para. 7 The scoff

19、lawry is not only a matter of etiquette. It may lead to violent crimes. Examples Para. 8 Scofflawry at various level of society shakes the foundation of U.S. law more than violent crimes do. Examples Quotations 27 P5 In what way is red-light running a more serious breach of social order? they show n

20、o respect for the social rules society cannot help being harmed Idea is deepened here: Scofflawry is related to social morality. Pay attention to the use of “however” in the text. How does it contribute to the coherence of the text? 28 P5 instance: situation e.g. He is right about most things, but i

21、n this instance, I think he was wrong. in your instance When the violation becomes habitual, widespread and incessant, a great deal more than a traffic management problem is involved. ? when it developed into a social habit, it becomes a problem a great deal more serious than a mere traffic problem.

22、 29 P5 leave a deep dent: damage (metaphor) If hypocrisy is the tribute that vice pays to virtue, then furtiveness is the true outlaws salute to the force of law-and-order. Wrongdoers, in their dealing with the virtuous, act as if they are person of good repute. A true lawbreaker in confronting the

23、police force acts stealthily and try to conceal his crime. brazen: shameless, bold-faced whatever, whatsoever: (emphasize) at all 无论什么 e.g. There is no doubt whatsoever. I cant see any one whatsoever. 30 P6 for all their differences: no matter how different they are in forms of a piece: same to each

24、 other symptom of elementary social demoralization: indication that the society has been degraded morally govern: discipline 31 P6 What point does the writer want to make with the example of children? The scofflaw spirit is pervasive and the loss of morality is even cultivated in childhood. 32 P7 Wh

25、at premonition does the write make in p.7 and 8? Scofflawry is not a matter of bad manners; it may be more powerful than violent crimes in shaking the foundation of U.S law. two warnings: Scofflawry may lead to serious crimes. Scofflawry at various level of society shakes the foundation of U.S. law

26、(more than violent crimes). 33 P7 prospect: future violent outbreaks: violent actions against the law items: examples, cases hurl: throw slug: slog, hit hard with fist batter: hit hard bolt: metal bar the Houston Freeway syndrome like a disease (metaphor) 34 P8 skirt: avoid; go around the edge of e.

27、g. A path skirts around the village. His speech skirted around the main issue. major instance: important example exhilarating: exciting unwitting: unconscious 35 P8 government at many levels: - police - state legislatures - the Administration in Washington mandate: order constituents: voters subvert

28、: undermine enact: levy puny: very small, insignificant trivialize: makeinsignificant transgression: law-breaking, violation of rules 36 P8 dramatize: make more obvious nullify: declare legally void rulings: (court) official decision justification: reasons Translation: scofflawry at the top. ? That

29、means: Administration in Washington is the law-breaker in the highest position. 37 P8 Is it appropriate for the write to end his essay by presenting evidence of scofflawry at the top? If the law-makers are ignoring the law, how can the ordinary citizens be expected to abide by the law. 38 IV. Conclu

30、sion P.9 Scofflawry is extremely infectious and U.S. society must do something about it. disquieting: disturbing, upsetting, annoying terminal: fatal, approaching death e.g. terminal cancer terminally ill sit still: do nothing allow: tolerate indefinite: unchecked 39 windshield hood / bonnet trunk /

31、 boot sunroof headlight indicator side light rear-view mirror door handle license plate brake light reversing light tire steering wheel dashboard gear stick accelerator clutch brake horn Car 40 Exercises III. Translation 1. He cant even afford to rent a one-room flat, let alone buy a villa. The edit

32、or is not entitled to take liberties with the text of a literary work. Under the influence of my parents, I took to literature in my teens. My sister having left for college, her bedroom has been converted into a study. Shortage of fund and labour has been plaguing the company for many years. Shangh

33、ai ranks as one of the key international navigation centers in the world. The incessant noise from the construction site kept us awake all night. 1)As the other party failed to fulfill their obligations time and again, they decided to nullify the contract. 41 Exercises 2. 法律与秩序是美国历史上持续时间最长且很可能是人 们最为

34、热衷的政治议题。但可悲的是，数以百万的美国 人，虽然从不以为自己是违法者，更谈不上是罪犯，但 对旨在保护、滋养他们的社会所制定的法规越来越不当 回事。说真的，当今像乱扔赃物、骗税、制造扰民噪音 和机动车无序行驶等一系列藐视法律的行为好像代表了 未来的潮流。哈佛大学的社会学家李斯曼甚至怀疑绝大 多数美国人已经漫不经心地把犯一些似乎是小错的行为 当成是理所当然的事。李斯曼说美国社会的伦理甚至已 经堕落到“只有傻瓜才守法”的地步。 42 Exercises Language work I. Grammar 1. 1) The charge brought against the bicyclist in green was one of violating the traffic laws. 2) All obstacles in the way of putting an end to scofflawry should be swept away. 3) To speak plainly, the new scheme t