虚拟语气句型

1、精品文档常用虚拟语气句型1. if条件句条件状语从句可分为真实条件句，即条件满足，事实就发生的情况；和非真实条件句，即与事实相反或难以实现的假设情况。虚拟语气的基本句型，即是这种非真实条件状语从句。其具体形式如表中所示:条件从句谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反动词过去式（动词be用were）would/should +动词原形与过去时间相反had + 过去分词would/should + have +过去分词将来/、大可能发生的事动词过去式（动词be用were）或should +动词原形或were +动词不te式would/should +动词原形if i knew english, i would

2、 go abroad to further my study.if i had got up early, i wouldn t have been late.if i were to do it, i should do it at once.【说明】在非正式英语中，条件从句中的第一、第三人称单数主语后可用was代替were。if i was you, i would accept the invitation.主句中的would可用于各种人称，而 should只用于第一人称。在主句中也可用情态动词could , might 代替would , should 。if i had had en

3、ough time, i might have done it better.条件从句中的谓语动词含有were , had , should时，可以省略从属连接词if,然后采用倒装结构，把 were , had , should移到主语前面。should you pass this way, do drop in for a visit尸if you should pass this way, had i known it, i wouldn t had made such a silly mistake.= if i had known it,were it left to me to de

4、cide whether i should have a job immediately or go onto study at college, i wouldn t hesitate a moment to choose the latter.=if itwere left to me to decide 在同一个句子中不能一部分表示真实条件，另一部分表示非真实条件。 误if my grandfathercomes tomorrow, i should stay home.正if my grandfather comes tomorrow, i shall stay home.正if my

5、 grandfather were to come tomorrow, i should stay home.有时，条件和结果发生的时间不一致，动词形式便要作适当调整，变成错综时间条件句。if you had taken the medicine, you would be well now.if he were honest, he would had told us the truth.if it hadn t rained so much, we would have a good harvest in autumn.2.介词或介词短语 without/ thanks to/ but f

6、or +名词结构代替if条件句表示的虚拟语气。主句谓语与现在事实相反would/should/could +动词原形与过去时间相反would/should/could词+ have +过去分将来小大可能发生的事would/should/could +动词原形but for your help, i could sit here and prepare for my mid-term examination.thanks to the man s timely rescue, the child would have been drowned.without the sun and water,

7、 nothing would live.3 . wish + 宾语从句宾语从句谓语与现在愿望相反一般过去式（动词be 用 were）与过去愿望相反had +过去分词将来不大可能发生的愿望would/should +动词原形i wish i were as strong as you.i wish i had not failed the chemistry examination.i wish i would become a pilot when i grow up .*hope与wish不同，后面接宾语从句一般表示真实情况，其愿望一般可以实现。i hope it will be fine

8、tomorrow.但如果说had hoped ,则表示一种过去未实现的愿望，宾语从句用would +动词原形来表不。i had hoped tom would attend the meeting.4 . it s (high) time + 从句从句谓语表示是应该做某事的时候了动词过去式/ should + 动词原形it s time we got something to eat.5 . as if或as though +方式状语从句主句谓语从句谓语与现在事实相反动词过去式（动词be用were）与过去时间相反非虚拟情况had +过去分词与可能发生的事相反would/should +动词原形

9、he speaks as if he were the manager.he talks as if he had been on the spot.the situation seems as if it would be out of control.6 . if或if only 表示愿望从句谓语与现在事实相反的愿望动词过去式（动词be用were）与过去事实相反的愿望had + 过去分词将来不大可能发生的愿望would +动词原形if i were with you now!if only i had not been that silly!if only the rain would s

10、top!*此句型大多可与 wish句型转换。如上面三句分别相当于:i wish i were with you now.i wish i had not been that silly.i wish the rain would stop.7 . suggest, require, order, etc. +宾语从句在一些表示建议、愿望、要求、请求、劝告、意志、欲望、命令、安排、决定等的动词的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气。其形式是should +动词原形。肯定句式中should可以省略，而仅用动词原形。这类动词有:ask, require , request , demand,pray , ins

11、ist ,随意编辑,commanddesire , maintain , propose , suggest , move , urge , advise , recommend order , arrange , decide 等。she demanded (that) the paper (should) be rewritten.i suggest (that) he (should) get there as soon8 . it is important, required, etc. +主语从句在it is +表示要求、建议、必要、命令等意思的形容词或分词+主语从句的结构中，要用s

12、hould +动词原形的虚拟语气， should 可省略。这类形容词和分词有：advised ,advisable , better , desired , desirable , demanded , essential , important , natural , necessary , ordered , proposed , possible , probable , preferable , recommended , required , suggested , strange , urgent , strange , incredible 等；这个表语结构也可 以是 it is

13、 a pity , it is a wonder , it is a shame 等。it s necessary (that) we (should) start to do the work right away.it s urgent we (should) send for a doctor at once.it is a pity that she (should) call black white.9 .用于表语从句或同位语从句中的虚拟语气在一些表示愿望、建议、要求、命令等意义的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句后，谓语 动词要用虚拟语气。这类名词有： advice ， decision

14、 ， idea ， order ， plan ， proposal ， recommendation ， suggestion ， opinion ， requirement ， direction ， policy 等。my opinion is that we (should) review their proposal right now.he made the request that the problem (should) be settled at once.10 lest/ for fear (that)/ in case 引导的状语从句这类状语从句表示担心、忧虑，谓语动词用

15、(should) + 动词原形构成。i m telling you this lest you (should) doubt my sincerity.julia had to go on a diet for fear that she (should) lose her job as a model.11 in order that, so that + 目的状语从句we started our journey before dawn so that we might stand a chance to reachthere before sunset.12 其他虚拟语气句式 would rather/would as soon/would sooner +从句i would rather you were in the same group as we are.i d just as soon you didn t repeat such a careless mistake.通过上下文表示假设的情况。 2ted just gives up everything