基础医学各论：各论Ⅰ专业词汇

1、第一周专业词汇终板电位 End-plate potential兴奋-收缩耦联 Excitation-contraction coupling前负荷 Preload后负荷 Afterload收缩能力 Contractility单收缩 Single twitch临界收缩频率 Critical fuse frequency强直收缩 tetanus最适初长度 optimal initial length等长收缩 Isometric contraction等张收缩 Isotonic contraction 血液blood血浆 plasma红细胞 erythrocyte血红蛋白 hemoglobin网织红

2、细胞 reticulocyte白细胞 leukocyte中性粒细胞 neutrophil嗜酸粒细胞 eosinophil嗜碱粒细胞 basophil单核细胞 monocyte淋巴细胞 lymphocyte血小板 blood platelet骨髓 bone marrow造血干细胞 hemopoietic stem cell第二周专业词汇Hematocrit 血细胞比容blood volume 血量viscosity 粘滞性colloid osmotic pressure 胶体渗透压crystalloid osmotic pressure 晶体渗透压ghost cell 影细胞isotonic s

3、olution 等张溶液suspension stability 红细胞的悬浮稳定性erythrocyte sedimentation rate，ESR 红细胞沉降率rouleaux formation 红细胞叠连erythropoietin 促红细胞生成素diapedesis 血细胞渗出platelets, thrombocyte 血小板hemostasis 生理性止血thrombocyte adhesion 血小板黏附thrombocyte aggregation 血小板聚集thrombocyte release 血小板释放blood coagulation 血液凝固serum 血清blo

4、od clotting factor 凝血因子 thrombin 凝血酶tissue factor pathway inhibitor, TFPI 组织因子途径抑制物antithrombin 抗凝血酶heparin 肝素plasminogen 纤溶酶原plasmin 纤溶酶blood group 血型agglutinogen 凝集原agglutination 凝集素cross match test 交叉配血试验extramedullary hemopoiesis 髓外造血mirror image cell 镜影细胞non-Hodgkins lymphoma 非霍奇金病mycosis fungo

5、ides 蕈样霉菌病Reed-steinberg cell R-S细胞leukemoid reaction 类白血病反应lacunar cell 陷窝细胞hairy cell leukemia 毛细胞白血病chloroma 绿色瘤leukemia 白血病malignant lymphoma 恶性淋巴瘤lymphoid neoplasms 淋巴样肿瘤Burkitts lymphoma Burkitt淋巴瘤Hodgkins lymphoma 霍奇金病第三周专业词汇抗凝血药 Anticoagulant drugs肝素 heparin低分子量肝素 Low molecular weight hepari

6、n (LMWH)鱼精蛋白 Protamine香豆素类 Coumarins双香豆素 Dicoumarol华法林 Warfarin抗血小板药 Antiplatelet drugs阿司匹林 (乙酰水杨酸) Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)噻氯匹啶 Ticlopidine双嘧达莫 Dipyridamole阿昔单抗 Abciximab纤维蛋白溶解药 Thrombolytic drugs链激酶 Streptokinase (SK)尿激酶 Urokinase (UK)组织纤溶酶原激活因 Tissue plasminogen activator ( t-PA)促凝血药 Drugs

7、for treatment of bleeding维生素K Vitamine K抗纤维蛋白溶解剂 Antifibrinolytics氨甲苯酸 p-Aminomethylbenzoic acide (PAMBA)氨甲环酸 Tranexamic acid (AMCHA)抗贫血药 Drugs for treatment of anemia铁剂 Iron and iron salts叶酸 Folic acid甲酰四氢叶酸钙 Calcium folinate维生素B12 Vitamin B12红细胞生成素(EPO) Erythropoietin血细胞生长促进药 Hematopoietic growth

8、agents促白细胞生成药 Drugs stimulating leukocytopoiesis粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF) Granulaocyte colony-stimulating factor粒细胞/巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF) Granulaocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor血容量扩充剂 Drugs for treatment of hypovolemia右旋糖酐 Dextrancirculatory system循环系统capillary 毛细血管sinusoid 血窦artery 动脉vein 静脉endocardi

9、um 心内膜myocardium 心肌膜epicardium 心外膜第四周专业词汇circulatory system循环系统capillary 毛细血管sinusoid 血窦artery 动脉vein 静脉endocardium 心内膜myocardium 心肌膜epicardium 心外膜cardiac cycle 心动周期systole 收缩期diastole 舒张期period of isovolumic contraction 等容收缩期period of rapid ejection 快速射血期period of slow ejection 减慢射血期period of isovo

10、lumic relaxation 等容舒张期period of rapid filling 快速充盈期period of slow filling 减慢充盈期Phonocardiogram 心音图stroke volume 每搏输出量ejection fraction 射血分数cardiac output 心输出量cardiac index 心指数ventricular function curve 心室功能曲线cardiac contractility 心肌收缩能力rigor complex 肌纤蛋白联结体cardiac reserve 心力贮备autorhythmicity 自律性work

11、ing cardiac cell 工作细胞rhythmic cell 自律细胞effective refractory period 有效不应期relative refractory period 相对不应期supranormal period 超常期pacemaker 起搏点preoccupation 抢先占领overdrive suppression 驱动压抑Electrocardiogram (ECG) 心电图aorta 主动脉ascending aorta 升主动脉aortic arch 主动脉弓descending aorta 降主动脉thoracic aorta 胸主动脉abdom

12、inal aorta 腹主动脉common carotid artery 颈总动脉external carotid artery 颈外动脉internal carotid artery 颈内动脉superior thyroid artery 甲状腺上动脉subclavian artery 锁骨下动脉thyrocervical trunk 甲状颈干axillary artery 腋动脉brachial artery 肱动脉radial artery 桡动脉ulnar artery 尺动脉superficial palmar arch 掌浅弓renal atrery 肾动脉testicular a

13、rtery 睾丸动脉ovarian artery 卵巢动脉coeliac artery (or coeliac trunk) 腹腔动脉(或腹腔干)left gastric artery 胃左动脉common hepatic artery 肝总动脉splenic artery 脾动脉superior mesenterlc artery 肠系膜上动脉inferior mesenteric artery 肠系膜下动脉common iliac artery 髂总动脉internal iliac artery 髂内动脉external iliac artery 髂外动脉femoral artery 股动脉profunda femoris artery