高中同位语从句

1、 the fact that ocean ships can go the fact that ocean ships can go there surprises many people.there surprises many people. 1) what is the fact?1) what is the fact? the idea is that ocean ships can go there.the idea is that ocean ships can go there. 2) what surprises many people?2) what surprises ma

2、ny people? i) the fact surprises many people.i) the fact surprises many people. ii) ocean ships can go there surprises ii) ocean ships can go there surprises many people. many people. notesnotes 一、一、同位语从句的概念同位语从句的概念 二、二、同位语从句的引导词同位语从句的引导词 三、三、其后常用其后常用同位语同位语从句的名词从句的名词 四、四、同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别 五

3、、五、名词性从句的种类名词性从句的种类 同位语从句，即从句在句中作主语或宾语的同同位语从句，即从句在句中作主语或宾语的同 位语，是对句子主语或宾语的解释、说明。位语，是对句子主语或宾语的解释、说明。 e.g. we heard e.g. we heard the newsthe news that our teamthat our team had won. had won. the factthe fact how our team won the how our team won the game game is a mystery. is a mystery. the reasonthe

4、 reason why our team won the why our team won the game game is obvious. is obvious. 同位语从句的引导词常用同位语从句的引导词常用that, whthat, wh-, how-, how等。等。 e.g.e.g. i have no idea when he will be back. how he can get the treasure. where the concert will be held. who can finish the work. why it happened. which pen is

5、 mine. what we should do next. whom they are talking about. whether itll rain tomorrow. that our football team won the game. fact, hope, idea, news, fact, hope, idea, news, suggestion, order, reason, suggestion, order, reason, truth, possibility, doubt, truth, possibility, doubt, thought, message, p

6、roblem, thought, message, problem, promise promise 等等。等等。 同位语从句跟在名词后面，表示该先同位语从句跟在名词后面，表示该先 行词的具体内容。其后常用同位语从行词的具体内容。其后常用同位语从 句的句的名词名词主要是主要是抽象名词抽象名词，如：，如： 同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别 比较：比较： 1.the suggestion that we discuss the problem the suggestion that we discuss the problem all over again is a good

7、one.all over again is a good one. 同位语从句：同位语从句： 定语从句定语从句: : 2.the suggestion that he gave at the meetingthe suggestion that he gave at the meeting was a good one.was a good one. what is the suggestion? the suggestion is that we discuss the problem all over again. which suggestion was a good one? the

8、suggestion that he gave at the meeting. 一、同位语从句与定语 从句的相似之处 1、两种从句都可以译成定语、两种从句都可以译成定语 e.g. the news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （同位语从句） 我们队取得决赛胜利的我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。消息令人鼓舞。 the news that you told us is really encouraging. （定语从句）你告诉我们的你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。消息真的令人鼓舞。 一、同位语从句与定语 从句的相似之处

9、 2、两种从句都可以用、两种从句都可以用that引导引导 e.g. the suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. （同位语从句）（同位语从句） 学生应该学些实用的东西的学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。建议值得考虑。 the suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical. （定语从句）（定语从句）值得考虑的值得考虑的建议是学生应该学些实

10、建议是学生应该学些实 用的东西。用的东西。 二、同位语从句与定语二、同位语从句与定语 从句的从句的不同之处不同之处 1 1、从句的功能不同：同位语从句用来进一步从句的功能不同：同位语从句用来进一步 解释说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来解释说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来 修饰、限定前面的名词。修饰、限定前面的名词。 e.g. the news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （从句说明（从句说明“消息消息”的内容：的内容：我们队我们队 取得了决赛胜利。取得了决赛胜利。） the news that you told u

11、s is really encouraging. （从句对（从句对“消息消息”加以限定：是加以限定：是你告诉我们的你告诉我们的，而非而非 来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。） 二、同位语从句与定语二、同位语从句与定语 从句的不同之处从句的不同之处 2 2、引导从句的关联词、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：的功能不同：that 引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任 何成分；而引导定语从句的何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，是关系代词， 既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。既指代先行词又须在从句中充

12、当成分。 e.g.1) dad made a promise that he would buy me cd player if i passed the english test. （that 不充当任何成分）不充当任何成分） 2) dad made a promise that excited all his children. （that指代指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。），又在从句中充当主语。） practice i. tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences 说出下列从句的功能：说出下列从句的功能

13、：a: appositive（同位语）（同位语）; b: attributive（定语）（定语） 1. his plan that we go there on foot is acceptable. 2. many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online. 3.the first request that he made was to ask for freedom. 4. he made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.

14、5. is this the company where your father works? 6. this is the reason that he gave for his absence. 3. 5. 6. ii. choose the best answer 1.they expressed the hope _they would come over to china. a. which b. that c. whom d. when 2.the fact_ he didnt see tom yesterday is true. a. that b. which c. when

15、d. what 3.i have no idea _he will come back. a. where b. when c. what d. that ii. choose the best answer 4.the news _ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false. a. that b. when c. what d. how 5.one of the men held the view _ the book said was right. a. what that b. that which c. that what

16、 d. which that 6.word has come _ some american guests will come for a visit to our college next week. a. what b. whether c. that d. which 1.when we will start is not clear. 2.mrs black wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. my idea is that we should do it right now. 4.i had no idea that yo

17、u were her friend. 主语从句主语从句 宾语从句宾语从句 表语从句表语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 名词性从句的种类名词性从句的种类 主语从句主语从句 在复合句中作主句的主语在复合句中作主句的主语.引导词有连词引导词有连词that (that 不可省不可省),whether; 代词有代词有who, what ,which;副副 词词 when ,where, how, why 等等.如如: 1.that he is a famous singer is known to us. (it is known to us that he is a famous singer.) 2.w

18、hen he will go to america is not yet fixed. (it is not yet fixed when he will go to america.) we believe (that) he is honest. i told him (that) i would come back soon. he said (that)he would go there the next day and that his family wouldnt go there. 宾语从句宾语从句 在复合句中作主句的宾语在复合句中作主句的宾语.引导词有连词引导词有连词that (that 常常 可省略可省略),whether,if; 代词有代词有who, whose, what , which;副词副词 when ,where, how, why 等等.如如: 表语从句表语从句 在复合句中作主句的表语在复合句中作主句的表语.引导词有连词引导