组胚切片报告

1、组织学与胚胎学实验报告指定主题实验一、上皮组织基本组织1报告主题：假复层纤毛柱状上皮主题属性：指定标本号：27#染色：HE染色教学要求：掌握假复层纤毛柱状上皮的光镜结构特征光镜下可见假复层纤毛柱状上皮的各种上皮细胞界限不清，细胞核染蓝紫色，高矮不一，其中柱状细胞 最多，游离面有大量纤毛，柱状细胞之前常夹有杯状细胞，其底部狭窄，顶部膨大，细胞核深染。所有 细胞的基底膜均附着在基膜上，即使细胞核高低不齐排列，形似复层，实为单层。Then visible pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of epithelial cell line is

2、not clear, the nucleus dyed purple blue, height is differ, the colum nar cells most, free surface has a lot of ciliated colu mnar cells, before ofte n clip has goblet cell, its bottom is narrow, the top swollen, with hyperchromatic nuclei. All the cells of the basement membrane are attached on the b

3、asement membrane, whose nucleus are irregular, and the shape see as compound layer, and it is a single.实验二结缔组织基本组织2报告主题：骨单位主题属性：指定标本号：6#材料：骨切片染色：Schmorl氏法块染教学要求：掌握骨组织的结构间骨板图2骨单位(骨切片，Schmorl氏法块染，40 x 100)Figure 2 oste on (osseous smear,Schmorl sta in ed,40 100)x骨单位位于内外环骨板之间，数量最多，中央为圆心的中央管，中央管与穿通管相通，数

4、层同心圆 排列的骨板围绕中央管。在骨单位之间，有一些不规则排列的间骨板，其中无血管通道，在骨板之间或 骨板中可见黄色小腔，即骨陷窝。In terstitial lamellaOste on is located in the in side and outside ring bone plate betwee n, the largest n umber, the cen tral to the right of the cen tral tube, the cen tral tube and pierced tube are in terl in ked, layers of concen

5、tric arra ngeme nt of the bone plate arou nd the cen tral can al. There are some in terstitial lamellae betwee n oste on, which has no vascular cha nn els, in the bone plate or betwee n bone plate visible yellow small cavities, n amed lacu na.实验三、肌组织与神经组织实验二基本组织3报告主题：心肌主题属性：指定标本号：12#材料：人心肌切片染色：HE染色教

6、学要求：观察人心肌的结构特点，掌握其判断依据闰盘In tercalateddisk图3心肌(人心肌切片，HE染色，40 X 100)Figure 3 Cardiac muscle ( human cardiac muscle smear, HE stained 40 1X)尼氏体Nissl body细胞核Nucleus神经胶质细胞的细胞核报告主题：多级神经元主题属性：指定标本号：9#材料：小牛脊髓及神经节染色：HE染色教学要求：观察脊髓前角多级神经元的结构特点，掌握其判断依据图4 多级神经元（小牛脊髓切片，HE染色，40 X 100）Figure 4 multipolar neuron （ca

7、lf spinal cord smear , HE stained 40 10X）多级神经元细胞核有大、圆，亮的特点，胞体和突起中可见到许多紫蓝色的不规则的小斑块，即尼 突起从胞体发岀，一个神经元有多个树突，一个轴突，因此轴突很难切到，不容易看见。树突Den drite氏体Multistage n euro ns n uclei have big, round, bright characteristics, cell and bumps in the visible to many purple blue irregular small patches, n amely the Nissl

8、body. Flash from the cell body out, a n euro n have multiple dendrite, an axon, so it is difficult to cut the axon, which is not easy to see.实验四 消化管中空性器官1报告主题：空肠绒毛主题属性：指定标本号：19#材料：猫空肠横切片染色：HE染色教学要求：掌握空肠的结构特征与判断依据，特别注意肠绒毛和肠腺的结构）纹状缘Striated border单层柱状上皮Simple colum nar epithelium平滑肌Smooth muscle图5空肠绒毛

9、(猫空肠横切片，HE染色，40 X 100)Figure5 jejunum villi (cat jejunum transverse section, HE stained 40 X 100)空肠绒毛上皮由吸收细胞、杯状细胞和少量内分泌细胞组成。吸收细胞数量最多，呈高柱状，核长 椭圆型，位于基部，细胞游离有深染层，称纹状缘。绒毛中轴的固有层为细密结缔组织，其内常可见纵 行的平滑肌、丰富毛细血管、12条中央乳糜管(多数未切到)及大量淋巴细胞。The epithelium of Jeju num villi is composed of absorpti on, goblet cell and

10、a small amou nt of en docr ine cells. The largest n umber of absorptive cells, a tall colum nar, n uclear long elliptic, is located in the base, cell free have hyperchromatic layer, called striated border. Villi axis of the lamina propria for fine connective tissue, it often visible longitudinal don

11、e smooth muscle, rich capillaries, 1 2 a central lacteal (most not cut) and a large n umber of lymphocytes.实验五消化管以外的其他中空性器官中空性器官2报告主题：中等动脉主题属性：指定标本号：10#材料：狗中等动、静脉横切片染色：HE染色教学要求：掌握中等动脉的结构特点内膜Tun icain tima内弹性膜In ter nal elasticMembra ne中膜Tunicamedia外膜Tunicaadve ntitia外弹性膜 External elastic membrane图6中

12、等动脉(狗中等动脉横切片,HE染色,_40 X 100)Figure 6 medium-sized artery ( dog medium-sized artery and vein transverse section smear , HE stained 40 X100)在高倍镜下，可见内弹性膜为一条呈波浪状的折光性强的粉红色亮带，它是内膜与中膜的分界标 志，中膜较厚，由数十层平滑肌纤维组成，因此中动脉也称肌性动脉。外膜由疏松结缔组织构成，多数 中动脉的外膜和中膜之间有明显的外弹性膜。At high magn ificati on, in ter nal elastic membra ne

13、 is a wavy refracti on sex str ong pink light band, which is the border of tunica media and tunica adve ntitia .tu nica media is con sist of doze ns of layer of the smooth musclefibers, so the artery is also called the muscular artery. External elastic membrane is composed of loose connective tissue

14、, the majority of the artery; there is obvious elastic membrane between tunica media and tunica adventitia.实验六免疫系统报告主题：淋巴结主题属性：指定标本号：13#材料：狗淋巴结切片染色：HE染色教学要求：掌握淋巴结的结构特征和判断依据实质性器官1被膜En velope淋巴小结Lymphoid no dule图7淋巴结(狗淋巴结切片，HE染色，40 X 100)Figure 7 Lymphoid node (Dog lymphoid smear , HE stained, 40 X 10

15、0)淋巴结多呈扁平豆形或者卵圆形，表面有薄层结缔组织被膜，伸入实质形成小梁，小梁互相连接成 网。皮质位于被膜下，浅皮质由淋巴小结和弥散淋巴组织构成，副皮质为胸腺依赖区，为较大片的弥散 淋巴组织，皮质淋巴窦位于被膜下方和小梁周围.髓质由髓索及其间的髓窦构成。Lymph node is flat bea n shaped or ovoid, the surface has a thi n layer of conn ective tissue capsule, stretch into substantial form trabecular, trabecular interconnected i

16、nto network. Cortex is located in the envelope, shallow cortex by lymph nodule and dispersion lymphoid tissue structure; vice cortex for thymus depend on the area, for a large dispersi on lymphoid tissue, cortex lymphatic sin us, in the en velope below and trabecular meshwork. Medulla arou nd by pul

17、p line and the pulp sinus betwee n compositi ons.实验八肾与内分泌系统实质性器官2图8下颌下腺(人下颌下腺切片，HE染色，40 X 100)Figure 8 (Submandibular gland smear, human submandibular gland , HE stained 40 10X)下颌下腺为混合性腺，小叶内可见很多圆形或不规则的腺泡，其中染紫红色的是浆液性腺泡，染色 浅的是黏液性腺泡，混合性腺泡主要由黏液性腺细胞构成，少量浆液性腺细胞位于黏液性细胞之间或聚 集在腺泡底部，也称为半月。分泌管为单层柱状上皮，多且发达，闰管短而

18、不明显。The subma ndibular gla nd is mixed gla nd, the leaves can be see n many round or irregular acinus , in clud ing dye aborigi ne is serous acin us, dye ing shallow is mucous acin us, mixed gla nd is mainly composed of mucous cells and a small amou nt of serous cells in the slime sex betwee n cells

19、 or gathered in gla nd bubble bottom, called demilu ne. Secretary duct for sin gle colum nar epithelium, and developed, leap tube short is not obvious.实验八 肾与内分泌系统实质性器官3报告主题：肾单位主题属性：指定标本号：29#材料：兔肾切片染色：HE染色教学要求：掌握肾单位各部分的结构特点报告主题：生精小管主题属性：指定标本号：41#材料：人睾丸与附睾切片染色：HE染色教学要求：了解睾丸与附睾的一般结构，掌握生精小管的结构和间质细胞的位置及其

20、结构特点。远曲小管Distalcon volutedtubuleRenal glomerulus图9肾单位(兔肾切片，HE染色，40 X 100)Figure 9 Nephron ( Rabbit kidney smear , HE stained , 40 X00 )肾单位由肾小体和与其相连的肾小管组成，肾小体由血管球和肾小囊构成，血管球为肾小囊内一团 蟠曲的毛细血管，肾小囊是上皮性管道盲端膨大并凹陷的双层囊。近曲小管位于肾小体周围，管径大， 管壁厚，管腔小而且不规则。远曲小管与近曲小管混在一起，管径小，管壁薄，管腔较大而规则。Nephro n is composed of renal co

21、rpuscle and renal tubule. Renal corpuscle by vascular ball and renal capsule form, glomus for renal capsule in a group of capillary, re nal capsule is double capsule. Proximal convoluted tubule in renal corpuscle around, pipe diameter, wall thickness, the lumen is small and irregular. Distal con vol

22、uted tubule and proximal con voluted tubule mixed together, pipe diameter is small, and the wall is thin实验九生殖腺实质性器官4精子Spermatozo on精子细胞Spermatid初级精母细胞Primary spermatocyte精原细胞Spermatog on ium支持细胞Suste ntacular cell图10生精小管(人睾丸与附睾切片，HE染色，40 X 100)Figure 10 Somniferous tubule (human testis and epididymi

23、s , HE stained, 40 X 100)生精小管为高度弯曲的复层上皮性管道，外有薄层基膜，管壁由各级生精细胞和支持细胞构成。精 原细胞附着在基膜上，胞体较小，核染色较深。初级精母细胞位于精原细胞近腔侧，细胞体积大而圆， 核亦大而圆，染色质密集呈绒球状。次级精母细胞因存在时间短不易找到，精子细胞位于近腔面，体积 更小，核大而圆，染色质细密。精子位于腔面，头部呈扁圆形，嵌入支持细胞的胞质中，染色深，尾部 游离于生精小管腔内。Somniferous tubules are curved stratified epithelium of pipeline, outside a thin la

24、yer of basement membrane, wall by various raw sperm cell and support cells compositi on. Spermatophore attached on the baseme nt membrane, cell is lesser, nuclear staining deep. Primary spermatocyte located in nearly cavity side, cell volume is big and round, nuclear also large, round, chromatin con

25、centrated in wool ball. Secondary spermatocyte there for short time is not easy to find, sperm cells in the nearly cavity surface, the volume is smaller, nuclear large, round, chromati n close. Sperm is located in the cavity surface, the head is oblate ness, embedded support cell cytoplasm, dyeing d

26、eep, tail free born in somniferous tubule cavity.自选主题实验二、结缔组织基本组织5报告主题：嗜酸性粒细胞主题属性：自选标本号：7#材料：人血涂片染色：Wright染色教学要求：掌握嗜酸性粒细胞图11嗜酸性粒细胞(人血涂片， HE染色，40 X 100)Figure 11 Esoinophil(human blood smear, HE stained , 40 X 100)嗜酸性粒细胞核多分为两叶，胞质内充满粗大、分布均匀、染成橘红色、有折光性的嗜酸性颗粒。 其主要作用是能吞噬抗原抗体复合物，分解组胺，灭活白三烯，从而减弱过敏反应，又参与对蠕虫

27、 的免疫反应。Eosinophilic nuclear are mainly divided into two leaves, cytoplasm filled with bulky, distribution uniformity, dyed orange, refraction sex eosinophilic particles. Its main function is to devour antigen antibody complex, decompositi on of histam ine, in activated leukotrie ne, thereby deade ni

28、ng allergic reacti on, and the worm in the immu ne resp on se.实验一、上皮组织基本组织6报告主题：变移上皮主题属性：自选标本号：31#染色：HE染色材料:猫膀胱切片（空虚状态）教学要求：掌握膀胱空虚状态下变移上皮的形态结构盖细胞Cover cells基膜Baseme ntmembra ne图12变移上皮(猫膀胱切片，HE染色，40 X 100)Figure 12 Transitional epithelium (cat bladder smear , HE stained , 40 X 100)变移上皮由多层细胞构成，基底面平整。细

29、胞核常排成56层，其中，基底层细胞核密集，小且染色深；中间数层细胞多为多边形或倒梨形，核圆；表层细胞大，分界清晰，有防止尿液侵蚀的作 用，称为盖细胞。Tra nsiti onal epithelium cells by multilayer structure, base with smooth surface. The n ucleus is often in 5 6 layer, among them, the basal lam ina n uclei inten sive, small and dye ing deep; In termediate layers of cells fo

30、r polygon or fall pear-shaped, nuclear round; The surface cells, boundary clear, have prevent urine erosion effect, called cover cell.实验四、消化管中空性器官3报告主题：食管主题属性：自选标本号：18#染色：HE染色材料：狗食管和胃纵切片教学要求：掌握食管的结构特点及判断依据肌层Muscularis图13食管 (狗食管和胃纵切片，HE染色，40X 100)Figure 13 Esophagus (dog esophagus and stomach longitu

31、dinal section, HE stained , 40 X 100) 食管黏膜的上皮为复层扁平上皮，固有层为细密结缔组织，黏膜肌层由纵行平滑肌束组成。黏膜下 层的结缔组织中存在许多黏液性的食管腺。肌层由内环形和外纵行两层，人的食管上段为骨骼肌， 下段为平滑肌。外膜为纤维膜。Esophageal mucosa epithelial is stratified squamous epithelium, Muscularis mucosa is conn ective tissue,lon gitud inal beam of smooth muscle make up muscularis

32、mucosa . Submucosa of conn ective tissue has many esophageal glands. musularis from inner ring and outer longitudinal two layer, human esophageal upper segment for skeletal muscle, lower segment for smooth muscle. Tunica adventitia is fiber membrane.实验七、消化腺与肺实质性器官5报告主题：肝主题属性：自选标本号：26#染色：HE染色 材料：香猪肝切

33、片 教学要求：掌握肝的结构特点及其判断依据。肝血窦Hepatic sin usoid中央静脉Cen tral vein门管区Portal area肝板hepatic plate图14肝(香猪肝切片，HE染色，40 X 100)Figure 14 liver (xiang pig liver smear , HE stained, 40 X 100)肝是实质性器官，外有结缔组织被膜，伸入实质将其分为许多小叶。小叶中央为中央静脉，以其为 中心，肝板和肝血窦向周围呈放射状排列。肝板为肝细胞单层排列的板状结构，肝血窦为肝板之间 的间隙。在相邻小叶之间的结缔组织为门管区，其内可见小叶间动脉、静脉及小叶间胆管。Liver is substa ntive orga ns, the conn ective tissue capsule, and stretch into esse nee which is divided into many lobules. Cen