代词专题(练习题含答案)

1、代词专题 每年中考对代词的考查都占比较大的比重，通常集中在不定代词，其变化的多样性是考查的重点。 一、代词的定义和分类 代词是代替名词，形容词和数词的词，按其意义、特征及在句子中的作用可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、 反身代词、疑问代词、不定代词、相互代词、和关系代词等。部分代词如下表所示： 单数 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 I me my mi ne myself you you your yours yourself he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its

2、 itself 复数 we us our ours ourselves you you your yours yourselves they them their theirs themselves 二、代词的用法： 1. 人称代词 (1) 人称代词有主格和宾格之分，通常主格做主语，宾格做宾语。 (2) 人称代词还可作表语，做表语时用宾格。如：-Who s knocking on the door? -It s me(做表语). (3) 人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。 女口：He is older tha n me. He is older tha n I

3、 (am). 2. 物主代词 表示所属关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两类。其用法如下。 (1) 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中做定语。如：This is her pen cil-box. (2) 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句子中可以做主语、 宾语和表语。女口： Our school is here, and theirs is there. Joh n s car does nt work. You can use min e. Is this En glish book yours(做表语)？ 3. 指示代词 指示代词包括 this

4、, that, these, those. (1) this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的人或事物，that和those则指时间或空间上较远的人或事物。如： This is a pen and that is a pen cil. We are busy these days. In those days the workers had a hard time. 有时that和those指前面讲过的事物，this和these则指下面要讲到的事物。如：I had a cold. That s why I did nt come. I want to say this: readi n

5、g is very importa nt in lear ning En glish. 有时为了避免重复提到刚刚提到的名词，可用that或those替代。如：TV sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shan ghai. Those who speak En glish can volun teer their time to teach poor kids. this在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack? 4. 反身代词 英语中反身代词表示“某人自

6、己”的代词成为反身代词。反身代词可以在句子中做宾语、表语、同位语。 (1) 做宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者。He called himself a writer. (2) 做表语 It does nt matter. I ll be myself soon. The girl in the n ews is herself. (3) 做主语或宾语的同位语，表示“亲自”，“本人”。如：I myself washed the clothes. (I washed the clothes (by) myself.) (4) 用在固定短语中。女口by myself, enjoy on ese

7、lf, help on eself to ,dress on eself, lose on eself in ,come to on eself. 5. 疑问代词 疑问代词用来构成特殊疑问句。疑问代词主要有 who, whom, whose, what, which等。 (1) who, what/ who用于询问别人的姓名，身份或关系，what用于询问别人的职业。女口： Who is that man over there? What does your father do?=What is your father? Who, which /who 选择的对象没有范围限制，回答可以指一人，也

8、可以指几个人。Which选择的对象有范围的 限制，回答通常确定为一个。如：Who will go with me? Which of you will go with me? (3) What, which/ What选择的范围没有限制，侧重于种类，而which表示在一定范围内选择，侧重于哪一个。如： What do you usually have for breakfast? Which would you like to have for breakfast, dumpli ngs or no odles? (4) whose, whom /whose是who的所有格，通常做定语或表语。

9、而whom是who的宾格形式，通常用作宾语。如： whom are you wait ing for? 6. 不定代词 不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词在句子中可以做主语，表语，宾语，和定语。常见的不定 代词有 some, any, every, all, one, other, another, many, much, both, either, little, few 以及由 some, any, no, every 力口上 one,body,thing构成的复合不定代词。 现将部分容易混淆的不定代词的用法说明如下。 (1) few， little， a little，

10、a few few和little具有名词和形容词性质，在句子中可以用作主语，宾语和定语等。Few与复数可数名词联用，little与不 可数名词联用。Few和little表示否定，指“没有”，在反义疑问句中尤其要注意。 a few 和 a little 指有一些，相当于 some。如：There is little time left, is there? I have a few good books. (2) many, much many和much具有名词和形容词的性质，在句子中可做主语，宾语和定语。 many用来代替或修饰复数可数名词，much用来代替或修饰不可数名词。 many做主语时

11、，动词用复数； much做主语时，动词用单数。女口： There are many students on the playground. Much has bee n done by him. many可以放在复数可数名词比较级前。女口： many more students much可以放在不可数名词以及形容词、副词的比较 级前。如：much more water, much healthier. both, either, neither 这三个词都只是用于两者之间。 both是指“两者都”，动词用复数，常用短语 bothand如：Both Jim and Tom are from Ne

12、w Zealand. either 指(两 个中的)任意一个”，后面的谓语动词用单数。如：Either of the pla ns is dan gerous. Both of the pla ns are dan gerous. either常用在eitheror结构中，动词形式跟据就近原则由 or后面的名词决定。女口： Either Lucy or Lily has the chanee. Either 在否定句中还可以表示“也”。如：leant make cakes. He can t, either. neither表示(两者)都不，用法和 either相同，常用在短语 neither

13、nor中，动词形式跟据就近原则由nor后面的 名词决定。如： Neither my sister nor I am good at swim ming. (4) other, another, the other, others, the others: 1) other作形容词时，修饰单数或复数名词。如I will come again some other days.我改日再来。 2) another用于泛指三者以上的不定数目中的“另一个”，其所修饰的名词前不加冠词。如I don t want this one. Please give me an other.我不想要这个，请给我另一个。

14、 3) the other表示两者中的 “另一个” 或两部分中的 “另一部分”，是特指。女口 There are six people in the room.Four are girls, the other two are boys.房间里有六个人，四个是女孩，其余两个是男孩。 4) others 用作代词，泛指 “其他人”或 “其他事物”。如，Some are singing and dancing, some are drawing ,others are climbing the hill. 一些人在唱歌，跳舞，一些人在画画，还有一些人在爬山。 5) the others 指整体中除

15、去一部分后，剩余的全部。女口 There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls. The others are boys.我们班有五十五名学生，三十人是女生，其余的是男生。 (5) each , every两者区别如下： Each Every 可单独使用 不可单独使用 可用作名词、形容词 仅用作形容词 着重 个别 。如：each student每个学生 着重全体。如：every student所有学生 用于两者或两者以上的每一个人或事物 用于三者或三者以上的人或事物 考点摘要： 人称代词的特殊用法： It of

16、te n rains in my hometow n in spri ng. 1. it作主语，表示天气，时间，距离等。如: It s about five o clock now. How far is it from here to your school? 2. It还可以用作形式主语或形式宾语。如: I think it easy to lear n En glish. It is difficult to finish so much homework. 选择题： 1 These arebooks. Yours are over there. A I B my C me D mi n

17、e 1 答案B. 析这里应用形容词性物主代词 2 is she? She is a teacher. A What B How C Who D Where 2 答案A. 析这里的四个疑问词放在问句中全都成立，但其意义不同。What is she?应译为她的工作是什么 ？”或她是 做什么的？”而How is she?应译为她身体如何 ？”而Who is she?应译为她是谁？”其答语应为她叫什么名字。” 而Where is she?应为她在什么地方？”由答语决定了这道题的选择。 3 is wrong with my watch. It has stopped . A Somethi ng, wo

18、rki ngB Someth ing, to work C Any thi ng, worki ngD Anything, to work 3 答案A. 析因为是肯定句所以应用Someth ing,其后由于表停止工作了，则stop后要用动名词。 4 Mary, help to the bananas, please. A you B your C yourself D yourselves 4 答案C. 析help on eself to someth ing 为自己拿某物” 。yourself 为你一个人”，而 yourselves 为“你们”。 5 do you go to school

19、every day? By bus. A How B Why C When D Where 5.答案A. 析这题的答案是由问句决定的。 6 My skirt is popular than. A much, her B much, hers C more, her D more, hers 6 答案D. 析因句中有tha n,所以应选用比较级，而than后要选用名词性物主代词。 7 Can you speak En glish? Yes, but only. A few B a few C little D a little 7 答案D. 析因会讲某种语言的多少要用a little,把它看作不

20、可数名词对待，此答语为：是的，但仅仅会讲一点。 8 Mr. Smith is an old frie nd of. A IB me C myD mi ne 8 答案D. 析这里应选名词性物主代词，这也是英语的一种习惯用法，而不要选择my。 9 “ do you hear from your parents? ” “ About once a mon th. ” A How long B How many C How often D How much 9 答案C. 析How often问的是某一动作发生的频率，即在单位时间内发生多少次。 10 Mr Gree n would nt say at

21、the meeti ng. A everyth ing B nothing C anything D someth ing 10 答案C. 析在否定句中应用any thi ng 11 “ Mum, Anns coming toni ght. Lets give her to eat.” “ Good idea! ” Aanything n iceB nice anything C somethi ng nice D nice someth ing 11 答案C. 析肯定句中用 something而不用anything,不定代词的修饰词应放其后而不要放在其前面。 12 When shall we

22、 meet, this eve ning or tomorrow eve ning? I dont mind. time is OK. A Some B Neither C Either D Both 12 答案C. n either. 析因如选用both则名词要用复数名词，也要用复数谓语动词，由于答语前有I dont mind则决定不能选择 13 This is not her kite, but. A hes B him C he D his 13 答案D. 析要注意他的”名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词是同形的。 14 Dont worry, Mum! n ews is good n e

23、ws. Im sure daddy will come back soon. A No B Ma ny C Those D Two 14 答案A. 析这是一条谚语，即没有消息就是好消息。 15 Mary has six apples. Her brother has three. She hasapples tha n he. A few B many C more D fewer 15 答案C. 析由于是比较级，根据题意应选“多于”而不是“少于”。 16 There isnt in todays newspaper. A anything in teresti ngB someth ing

24、in terest ingC nothing in terest ingD in teresti ng anything 16 答案A. 析由于句子是否定句，应选择 anything，而且不定代词的修饰语应放在其后面。 17 September 10th is Day? A Teacher B Teachers C Teachers D Teachers 17 答案D. 析教师节 Teachers Day儿童节 Childrens Day,妇女节 Womens Day 18 In En gla nd, people eat a lot of “ takeaway” food. What abo

25、ut people in your coun try? A So we do. B We do so. C So do we. D We so do. 18 答案C. 析在答语中用简略方式表达上文的一个动作同样适用于另一个主语时，则要采用倒装句，但如果仅仅是对上句 的重复则不要倒装。 19 Shall we go into that shop and have a look? Sorry. I wont. I have to do there. A everyth ingB any thi ngC someth ingD nothing 19 答案D. 析这个答案的选择应由上下两句对话内容作出

26、决定。 20 Oh, dear! Who broke the glass? Sam Bruce. It was the cat. A Both, and B Not, but C Neither, nor D Either, or 20 答案C. 析neithernor意为既不也不 21 The stude nts are havi ng a good time in the park. Some are draw ing by the lake.are climbi ng the hill. A Others B Other C An other D The other 21 答案A. 析这

27、里因为是代替复数名词，所以应用名词性的复数代名词。 22 She is not a nurse. Im not. A also B either C neither D too 22 答案B. 析在否定句中该用either,而不用too和also. 23 I have two pencils. One is red, is blue. A the otherB ano therC others D the others 23 答案A. 析两者中的另一个应为特指。而且应为单数形式的代名词。而an other是泛指单数代名词。others是泛指复数代 名词，而the others是特指复数代名词。

28、 24. Sorry, I cant an swer your questi on. I know about the subject. A little B a littleC few D a few 24 答案A. 析中文讲我对此知道的不多，而英文中要用 little。其含意为否定句。 25 My sister does nt like skat ing. . A So do IB So I dont C Neither I dont D Neither do I 25 答案D. 析这是表达上面否定句中的动作，也同样不适合于第二个人。所以要用n either,并要采用倒装句。 26 Yes

29、terday morning there were only three boys in our room, . A you, he and IB I, you and he C he, I and youD you, I and he 26 答案A. 析这是若干人称代词并列时的顺序问题。请参看辨析中的例子。 27 All the stude nts are busy, soofthem will go to the con cert. A ma ny B little C a few D few 27 答案D. 析student为可数名词 28 The teacher gavestude n

30、t a new book. A nobody B both C each D any 28 答案C. 析both其后的名词应为复数，而any用于疑问句和否定句中只有each可以修饰单数可数名词。 29 Black is neither a teacher a worker. A or B either C nor D and 29 答案C. 析neithernor为既不也不”的固定搭配 30 Our teacher gave uon study ing. A many advices B some advices C an adviceD some advice 30 答案D. 析advice

31、为不可数名词。some可用于可数或不可数名词之前 31 There are two foreig n friends in the park. One is from Japa n, is from America. A other B othersC the other D the others 31 答案C.析因为是两者中的一个，所以另一个应用单数特指代词。 32 Are there on the table? A some cups B any cupC some cupD any cups 32 答案D.析此句是疑问句，应用any cups,因提问时的be动词用的是are。 33 rve just bought five stamps. One