精选2019届北京卷英语高考真题

1、.2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）第一节语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。a2onthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade，istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.i1（v

2、oice）mybiggestconcerntomymother.“howwillimakefriends?”shehandedmeadvice.“beyourself.”forthepast20years.ihavelivedbythesewords.sooniwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld.nervously（face）challenges.iknowiwillwhisperto3（i）thetwosimplewords“beyourself”.b，earthday，4（mark）on22april，isanannualeventaimingt

3、oraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.firstcelebrated51970，thedaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions（地区）.nomatterwhatyouliketodo，thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious6（activity）onearthday.youcanplantatreemakeamealwithlocallygrownvegetables，orsavepowerthepossibilitiesareendless.

4、cdoesthenameofthecollegeyouattendreallymatter？researchonthequestion7（suggest）that，formoststudents，itdoesnt.what.studentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan8theygo.thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose9aretotallyengaged（参与）inacademiclife.takingfulladvantageofthecollegeschancesandresources（资源

5、），studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,anditsnevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand10（meaning）collegeexperience.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。regardlessoftheweatherorthedistance,paulwils

6、onwillmakesurelow-incomestudentsinhisneighbourhoodarriveattheircollegeclassesontime.aretiredengineer,76-year-oldwilsonhasbeen11freeridestocollegestudentsforthepasteightyears.sincehefirststarted12hiscartotheyoungpeople.wilsonhas13amastonishing64,000miles,andhashadcountlesspleasantandoftenhumorous14wi

7、ththestudentshetransportstoandfromschool.thestudentswhohes15havegoneontobecomephysicians,teachersandengineers,butwhattheyvealsogotoutoftheirtimeinschoolisfindingarolemodelandafriendinwilson.somestudents16callhim“grandpa”.tinastern17ridesfromwilsonforallherfouryearsincollege,andthetripsmeantmuchmoret

8、oherthanjustfree18.itsnotjustaride；yourenotjustsittingtherein19silenceorwithyourheadphoneson.”sternsaid.“heasksyouquestionsandactually20theanswers,sothenexttimeyouridewithhim,hell21thosethings.wilsonfirstworkedasadriverthroughastudent-supportprogrammeofthenon-profitorganisation.onpointforcollege.alt

9、houghthe22asksthemembersonlytodrivestudentstoandfromtheirclasses,wilson.oftengoes23toensurethewelfareandsafetyofthestudents.iftheyhaveproblemswithregistration.wilsonisthereto24them.iftheyrunoutofcertaindailynecessities.wilsonwilldrivetotheneareststoreandpurchasewhatsneeded.ifastudentgetshungryonthel

10、ongdrivestoandfromschool,wilsonnever25tobuythemameal.formanystudents,wilsonshelpisnotonlyappreciated,itsalsoentirely26forthemtobeabletocompletetheircollegeeducation.somestudentsdonthaveareliablecar,whileothershaveto27vehicleswithparentswhoworksixdaysaweek.forthem,ridingwithwilsonhas28themtocompletet

11、heireducationbutaccordingtowilson,hebenefitsjustasmuchfromthe29.“ijustlovedrivingandilovethesekids,wilsonsaid.itssucha（n）30tobeapartofthesekidslives,evenjustforafewhours,gettingtoknowthemandhearingtheirstories.11.a.linkingdistributing12.a.donatingvolunteering13.a.pavedwanderedb.sendingc.offeringd.b.

12、lendingc.deliveringd.b.coveredc.measuredd.14.a.argumentsb.interviewswanderedc.negotiationsd.15.a.metb.drivenc.addressedd.conversations16.a.evenb.everc.onced.already17.a.earneddemandedb.receivedc.assessedd.18.a.transportationb.stylecommunicationc.timed.19.a.forcedsuspicious20.a.selectsremembers21.a.a

13、ctond.agreeon22.a.clubprogramme23.a.farforwards24.a.assistwarm25.a.expectshesitates26.a.extraadequate27.a.shareexchange28.a.requiredconvinced.b.awkwardc.ridiculousd.b.recitesc.guessesd.b.settleonc.checkonb.leaguec.colleged.b.aroundc.beyondd.b.watchc.urged.b.attemptsc.managesd.b.unusualc.necessaryd.b

14、.fuelc.repaird.b.allowedc.remindedd.29.a.experienceb.arrangementemploymentc.appreciationd.30.a.effortb.ambitionc.privileged.convenience第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。awanttoexplorenewcultures，meetnewpeopleanddosomething.worthwhileatthesametime?you

15、candoallthethreewithglobaldevelopmentassociation（gda）.whateverstageoflifeyoureat，whereveryougoandwhateverprojectyoudoingda，youllcreatepositivechangesinapoorandremotecommunity（社区）.weworkwithvolunteersofallagesandbackgrounds.mostofourvolunteersareaged17-24.nowweneedvolunteermanagersaged25-75.theyareex

16、tremelyimportantinthesafeandeffectiverunningofourprogrammes.wehavesuchrolesasprojectmanagers，mountainleaders，andcommunicationofficers.dependingonwhichroleyouchoose，youcouldhelptoincreaseacommunitysaccesstosafedrinkingwater，orhelptoprotectvaluablelocalcultures.youmightalsodesignanadventurechallengeto

17、trainyoungvolunteers.，notonlywillyouhelpouryoungvolunteerstodeveloppersonallyyoullalsolearnnewskillsandincreaseyourculturalawareness.youmayhavechancestomeetnewpeoplewhollbecomeyourlifelongfriends.thissummerwehaveboth4-weekand7-weekprogrammes：schedulecountryalgeriaegyptkenyasouthafrica4-weekprogramme

18、s5jul.-1aug.24jul-20aug.20jul.-16aug.2aug.-29aug.7-weekprogrammes20jun.-7aug.19jun.-6aug.18jun.-5aug.15jun.-2aug.gdaensuresthatvolunteersworkwithcommunitymembersandlocalprojectpartnerswhereourhelpisneeded.allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.thereisnootherchancelikeagda

19、programme.joinusasavolunteermanagertodevelopyourownskillswhilebringingbenefitstothecommunities.findoutmoreaboutjoiningagdaprogramme:.website:email:31.whatisthemainresponsibilityofvolunteermanagers?a.toseeklocalpartnersvolunteersc.tocarryoutprogrammesb.totakein

20、youngd.tofosterculturalawareness32.theprogrammebeginninginaugustwilloperateina.egyptb.algeriad.southafria33.thesharedgoalofgdasprojectstoa.explorenewculturesc.gaincorporatebenefitneedc.kenyab.protecttheenvironmentd.helpcommunitiesinbalicemooreisateenagerentrepreneur（创业者）,whoinmay2015setupherbusiness

21、ailiecandy.bythetimeshewas13，hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollarswiththeinventionofasuper-sweettreatthatcouldsavekidsteeth，insteadofdestroyingthem.itallbeganwhenmoorevisitedabankwithherdad.ontheouting,shewasofferedacandybar.however,herdadremindedherthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.butmoorewassickof

22、missingoutoncandies.soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,whycantimakeahealthycandythatsgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscantsaynotoit?withthatinmind,mooreaskedherdadifshecouldstartherowncandycompany.herecommendedthatshedosomeresearchandtalktodentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandywouldcontain.withherdadspermission

23、,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.shealsoapproacheddentiststolearnmoreaboutteeth.cleaning.consequently,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnaturalsweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria.moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusiness

24、oftheground.afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredtheirfirstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreedtosellmooresproduct-cancandy.ascancandyssuccessgrows,sodoesmoorescredibilityasayoungentrepreneur.mooreisenthusiasticaboutthecandyshecreated,andshesalsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.sheh

25、opesthateverykidcanhaveacleanmouthandabroadsmile.meanwhile,withherparentshelp,mooreisgenerallyabletoliveanormalteenagelife.althoughshefoundedhercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasntdrivenprimarilybyprofit.moorewantstouseheruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.shedonates10%ofailiccandysprofitstobigsmiles.

26、withhertalentanddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforalicemoore.34.howdidmoorereacttoherdadswarning?a.shearguedwithhim.out.c.shepaidnoattention.dentists.35.whatisspecialaboutcancandy?a.itisbeneficialtodentalhealth.sweeteners.c.itissweeterthanothercandies.b.shetriedtofindawayd.shechoset

27、oconsultb.itisfreeofd.itisproducedtoadentistsrecipe.36.whatdoesmooreexpectfromherbusiness?a.toearnmoremoney.b.tohelpothersfindsmiles.c.tpanies.d.tobeatothercandy.37.whatcanwelearnfromalicemooresstory?a.fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.b.ayouthistoberegardedwithrespect.c.positivet

28、hinkingandactionresultinsuccess.d.successmeansgettingpersonaldesiressatisfiedc，theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumberstheydontknow.bynextyearhalfofthecallswereceivewillbescams（欺诈）.wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupo

29、ftoolsappsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.unfortunately，itstoolittle，toolate.bythetimethese“solutions（解决方案）becomewidelyavailable，scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.inthenearfuture，itsnotjustgoingtobethenumberyouseeonyourscreenthatwillbeindoubt.soonyouwillalsoquestionwhet

30、herthevoiceyourehearingisactuallyreal.thatsbecausethereareanumberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation(处理)andautomationtechnologiesthatareabouttobecomewidelyavailableforanyonetouse.atthisyearsi/oconference,acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghumansoundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoare

31、ceptionistandbookareservationwithoutdetection.thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecisionadecadeofdatabreaches（数据侵入）ofpersonalinformationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscaneasilylearnyourmothersname，andf

32、armore.armedwiththisknowledge.theyreabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.thismeans.forexample，thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoicethatsoundsexactly.，likeyourbanktellers，rickingyouintoconfirmingyouraddressmothersname，andcardnumber.scammer

33、sfollowmoney，socompanieswillbetheworsthit.alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone，andmuchofitisbasedontrustandexistingrelationships.voicemanipulationtechnologiesmayweakenthatgradually.weneedtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofourtelecomnetworks.phonecarriersandconsumersneedtoworktogethertofindwaysofdetermini

34、ngandcommunicatingwhatisreal.thatmightmeaneitherdevelopingauniformwaytomarkvideosandimages,showingwhenandwhotheyweremadeby.orabandoningphonecallsaltogetherandmovingtowardsdata-basedcommunicationsusingappslikefacetimeorwhatsapp,whichcanbetiedtoyouridentity.credibilityishardtoearnbuteasytolose,andthep

35、roblemisonlygoingtoharderfromhereonout.38.howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesolutionstoproblemofrobecalls?a.panicked.b.confused.c.embarrassed.d.disappointed.39.takingadvantageofthenewtechnologies，scammercan_.a.aimatvictimspreciselydatabaseseasilyc.startcampaignsrapidlyb.damaged.spreadinformationwidely40.w

36、hatdoesthepassageimply?a.honestyisthebestpolicy.b.technologiescanbedouble-edited.c.therearemoresolutionsthanproblems.d.credibilityholdsthekeytodevelopment.41.whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?a.wheretheproblemofrobocallsisrootedb.whoistoblamefortheproblemofroboealls.c.whyrobocallsa

37、reabouttogetmoredangerousd.howrobocallsareaffectingtheworldoftechnologydbytheendofthecentury，ifnotsooner，theworldsoceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate，accordingtoanewstudy.attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms（海洋微生物）calledphytoplankton.becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheo

38、rganisms，thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue，dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas，whilereducingitinotherspots，leadingtochangesintheoceansappearance.，3phytoplanktonliveattheoc

39、eansurface，wheretheypullcarbondioxide（二氧化碳）intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.whentheseorganismsdie，theyburycarboninthedeepoceananimportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheoceanswarmingtrend.warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplankton

40、growthsincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow，butalsonutrients.stephaniedutkiewicz，ascientistinmitscenterforglobalchangescience，builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.inaworldthatwarmsupby，itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.themodelpro

41、jectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.butinsomewaters，suchasthoseofthearctic，awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton，andtheseareaswillturngreener.“notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging.”shesaid，“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.”42.whata

42、rethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?a.thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.b.thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.c.thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.d.theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.43.whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inparagraph3probablymean?a.sensitive.b.beneficialc.significantd.unno

43、ticeable44.whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?a.phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.b.dutkiewiczsmodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchangesc.phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimated.oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.45.whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage？a.toassesstheconsequence

44、sofoceancolourchangesb.toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchainc.toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceansd.tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。inmuchoftheworkintodaysworldisaccomplished（完成）teams.mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.46companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.istheirmoneywellspent？47theyfocusedonfootball，basketballandbaseball.theresultsaremixedforfootballandbasketbal