必修一高一英语阅读理解精彩试题(科技类)

1、 实用文档(1)the computer is a useful machine. it is the most important invention in many years. theoldest kind of computer is the abacus( 算盘 ), used in china centuriesmodern computer was built in 1946. a computer then could do maths problems quite fast.today computers are used in many ways and can do ma

2、ny kinds of work. in a few years thecomputer may touch the life of everyone, even people in faraway villages.in the last few years, there have been great changes in computers. they are gettingand smaller, and computing faster and faster, many scientists agree that computers can nowdo many things, bu

3、t they cannot do everything. who knows what the computers of tomorrow willbe like? will computers bring good things or bad things to people? the scientists of todaywill have to decide how to use the computers of tomorrow.ago, but the firstlarge,smaller1. the computer is a _ machine.a. helpful2. the

4、first large, modern computer was built about _ years ago.a. a few b. forty c. sixty d. eighty3. the computers of today are _ than before.b. strangec. larged. dangerousa. biggerb. fewerc. smallerd. taller4. computers can do _.a. everything b. anythingc. nothingd. lots of things5. the scientists of to

5、day _ how to use the computers of tomorrow.a. may decide b. must decide c. can make d. needn t make(2)warm water freezes more quickly than cold water. sir francis bacon said that almost fourhundred years ago. but few people believed him until 1970. in that year a canadian scientistgeorge kill proved

6、 the english professor was right. dr kill filled an open oil pail(cold water. he filled another with warm water. he put both in the same low temperature. thewarm water froze first. the lack of covers on the pails is the secret. some of the warm waterchanged into vapor. this meant that less of the wa

7、rm water was left to be frozen. and so thewarm water froze faster than the cold water even though it had a greater temperature drop tomake.桶 ) with1. hundreds of years ago, sir francis bacon found _.a. the temperature of warm water drops faster than that of cold waterb. warm water is heavier than co

8、ld waterc. warm water has the same temperature as cold waterd. warm water is not as useful as cold water2. what sir francis bacon said was right, but people didnt believe him until _.a. late in the 20th centuryc. three years agob. early in the 20th centuryd. late in the 19th century3. leave a pail w

9、ith warm water and another pail with cold water in the samelow temperature, youfind that _.lla. cold water freezes firstb. warm water turns into ice before cold waterc. warm water and cold water freeze at the sametime d. much of cold water is changed into air.4. why does warm water freeze first in t

10、he same freezing weather?a. because some of the warm water turns to vapor, the amount(数量 ) becomes less than that 实用文档of cold water.b. because warm water is lighter than cold water.c. because the temperature of warm water is lower than that of cold water.d. because cold water freezes with more diffi

11、culty than warm water.(3)if you do not use your arm or your legs for some time, they become weak; when you startusing them again, they slowly become strong again. everybody knows that. yet many people donot seem to know that memoryworks in the sameway. whensomeonesays thathe really means that he kee

12、ps his memory in practice by using it. when someone else says thathis memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong.if a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault(if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think

13、that his parents are to blame(责备 ), and few of us know that it is just his own fault. have you ever found that some peoplecan t read or write but usually they have better memories? this is because they cannot reador write and they have to remember things; they cannot write down in a little notebook.

14、 theyhave to remember days, names, songs and stories; so their memory is the whole time beinghe has a good memory,过错 ). but受exercised. so if you want to have a good memory, learn from the people: practice remembering.1. the main reason for one is poor memory is that _.a. his father or mother may hav

15、e a poor memoryb. he does not use his name or legs for some timec. his memory is not often usedd. he can t read or write2. if you do not use your arms or legs for some time _.a. you can t use them any moreb. they will become strongerc. they become weak and won t become strong until you use them agai

16、n.d. they will become neither stronger nor weaker3. which of the following is not true?a. your memory works in the same way as your arms or legs.b. your memory, like your arms or legs, becomes weak if you don t give it enough chancefor practice.c. don t learn how to read and write if you want to hav

17、e a better memory.d. a good memory comes from more practice.4. somepeople can t read or write,but they usually have better memories, because _.a. they have save much trouble b. they have saved much time to remember thingsc. they have to use their memories all the timed. they cant write everything in

18、 a little notebook5. which is the best title for this passage?a. don t stop using your arms or legs b. how to have a good memoryc. strong arms and good memoriesd. learn from the people(4)when johnson called again, the manager received him very politely.“ that is a mostremarkable oil you brought us,

19、mr johnson,that was something he knew very well.he said. johnson nodded his smooth, dark head.”“i ve never seen anything like it,” the manager admitted.johnson nodded again.a very great deal of it.“no? ” he said politely. then he added,” he appeared to think for a moment.“ but i think you will, sir.

20、“i think you will find it willbe on sale seven, perhaps, eight years from now.he smiled.”“it 实用文档that.”“so i am told, sir,” agreed johnson.“have you any plans to produce it yourself, mr johnson?“would i be showing it to you if i had? ” johnson smiled again.“we might add some chemicals to one of our

21、own fish oils, ” said the manager. “it would”be expensive to do that, even if you could, ” johnson said gently.“besides, ” he added, “ iamtold that this oil will be much cheaper than your best fishoils. cheaper than any vegetableoil, in fact.“perhaps, ” said the manage. “well, i suppose you want to

22、makean arrangement, mr johnson.”shall we discuss it?”“of course, ” said johnson. “there are two ways of dealingwith a situation of this sort.the usual one is to prevent it altogether or at least to delay it as long as possible. thatis, of course, the best way. the manager nodded. he knew plenty abou

23、t all that.”“but i am so sorry for you, because, you see, thatis not possible this time. ” the managerhad his doubts, but all he said was an inquiring(asking),“oh? ”“the other way, ” continued johnson, “ is to produce yourself before the trouble starts. ”1. the manager thought of adding chemicals to

24、 the fish oil to make it _.a. cheaper than the new oil b. more quickly c. more expensive d. as good as the newoil2. johnson s new oil would be _.a. more expensive than fish oil, but betterc. less expensive, but not good d. more expensive, and not so good3. johnson expressed his regret that the manag

25、er _.b. less expensive, and bettera. could not stop the new oil being madeb. would never know how to make itt know enough about itc. had spent a lot of money on it d. didn4. johnson showed his new oil to the manager because he wanted _.a. to produce it himselfb. to prevent it being producedd. the ma

26、nager to produce it(5)c. to be paid not to produce itcan you remember the first time you learned to ride a bike or drive a car? learning theseskills changed your life forever and opened up new horizons. learning about computers can belike learning how to ride a bike or drive a car. once you have inv

27、ested the time to masterthe skills, you will never go back to the old days. the new technologyand too powerful.is simply too convenienttechnological developments through the years have enabled us to do more with less effort.wehave continuously looked for better ways of doing things. each invention a

28、nd new developmenthas allowed us to extend our capabilities. today we see one of the most dramatic technologiesever developed the computer. it extends the capabilities of our minds.computers have saved organizations millions of dollars. furthermore, these same computersystems have opened up new oppo

29、rtunities that would have gone undiscovered or neglected. thecomputer maymultiply what we can do, and the returnon investment is high. the growth of computerusage is surprising. on the other hand, the computer can do serious damage. invasion ofprivacy( 侵犯 隐私 ), fraud( 欺诈 ), and computer-relatedexamp

30、les.mistakes are just a few shockingthe computer is like a double-edged sword. it has the ability to cut us free from some 实用文档how it is used is not a functionof technology. it is strictly a function of how peopledecideto use or misuse this new technology. the choice is yours, and only through a kno

31、wledge ofcomputer systems will you be able to avoid the dangers while enjoying the many, manybenefits of the computer age.1. the writer thinks learning about computers is like learning how to ride a bike ordrive a car because _.a. it is simple and practical b. it needs a lot of practicec. it leads p

32、eople to new life experiencesd. it takes much time to master the skillspeople the following benefits except _.2. according to the passage, computers bringa. avoiding mistakesc. making moneyb. saving moneyd. opening up opportunities3. according to the writer, the bad effects of computers can be avoid

33、ed if we _.a. have sound knowledge of computer systemsb. tell people not to misuse computersc. have strict rules over the use of computersd. make more investments in the technology4. this passage is probably written for _.a. computersb. computer producersd. computer programmers(6)c. computer learner

34、sperhaps you have heard a lot about the internet, but what is it, do you know? theis a network. it uses the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world.internettheremaybe that doesn t sound very interesting.but when you ve joined to the internet,are lots and lots of things you

35、can do. you can send e-mails to your friends, and they canget them in a few seconds. you can also do with all kinds of information on the world wideweb (www).there are many different kinds of computers now. they all can be joined to the internet.most of them are small machines sitting on peoples des

36、ks at home, but there are still manyothers in schools, offices or large companies. these computers are ownedby people and companies,but no one really owns the internet itself.there are lots of places for you to go into the internet. for example, your school mayhave the internet. you can use it durin

37、g lessons or free time. libraries often havecomputers joined to the internet. you are welcome to use it at only time.thanks to the internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. it is possible for youto work at home with a computer in front, getting and sending the information you need. youcan

38、 buy or sell whatever you want by the internet. but do you know 98% of the informationon the internet is in english? so what will english be like tomorrow?1. what is the passage mainly about?a. internet.b. information. c. computers.d. e-mails.2. which is the quickest and cheapest way to send message

39、s to your friends?a. by post. b. by e-mail. c. by telephone.d. by satellite.3. which may be the most possible place for people to work in tomorrow?a. in the office. b. at school. c. at home.4. whose the owner of the internet?d. in the company.a. the headmaster. b. the officer. c. the user. d. no one

40、.5. what does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences? 实用文档a. english is important in using the internet.b. the internet is more and more popular.c. most of the information is in english.d. every computer must have the internet.(7)in most towns today, you can see teenagers standing ove

41、r electronic machines with flashinglights, shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters(魔). the machines have nameslike space warrior, dark invader and so on. it used to be believedthat damage was done only to those strange visitors from outer space, but now it se

42、ems thatthey are striking back.恶manyteenagers like electronic games so muchthat they can t stop playing. they spend hourstightly holding the joystick controls and constantly pressing buttons marked“ fire ” . theydevelop pains on their fingers because of the constant pressure. they play and play that

43、 thepains have no chance to cure properly.the rapid wrist movementrequired to guide the spaceshipacross the screen causes another problem: the muscles of the wrist and arm become so inflamedand swollen( 充血红肿 ) that they press against the bones. this condition is what doctors nowcall “space warrior s

44、 wrist ”.other strange aches and pains also are likely to affect the elbows and shoulders.another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which wasrecently reported in the british medical journal. she had been playing various kinds ofelectronic games for more than two h

45、ours a day. her father repaired games and machines andshe could use the cassettes and systems in his workshop as often as she liked. one day, afterplaying a game called dark invader, she lost consciousness(doctors who examined her found she was suffering from anflashing at a particular frequency.晕倒

46、) and fell to the floor.unusual illness causedby lights1. electronic games are found very popular with _.a. people living in towns b. students studying in high schoolsc. girls working in their father2. space warrior s wrists workshops d. young people” is caused by _.“a. constantly pressing the butto

47、nsb. rapidly moving across the screeninflamed and swollen muscles of the wristc. tightly holding the joystick controls d.3. the case of a 17-year-old girl given by the writer shows that the writer _.a. supports playing electronic gamesb. feels very sorry for the girlc. disagreed with young peoples p

48、laying electronic gamess poor healthd. feels worried about young people4. from the passage we can conclude that playing electronic games is _.a. enjoyable and helpful to the studyb. exciting but harmful to the health and study(8)experiments aboard the spaceship columbia have disproved a theory on th

49、e humannervous system which won an austrian professor a nobel prize 79 years ago.west german astronaut ulf merbold disproved the theory during tests aboard the spaceshipyesterday. his discovery isconnected with the workings of the inner ear, thebody s balancemechanism( 机制 ).生理学 ) and medicine 实用文档wh

50、en he announced that temperature differences affected the inner ear and caused the eyes toblink(). his theory was accepted by scientists.眨眼but merbold carried out tests to find if the theory was correct and shocked himself andspace officials when he proved it wrong.according to barany s theory the e

51、yes would blink when cold air was blown into one earand hot air blown into the other.but if this theory was correct such a movement would be impossible in zero gravity.both merbold s eyes continually blinked when the test was carried out.1. tests were carried out in outer space in order to _.a. find

52、 what causes the eyes to blinkc. prove the theoryb. shock the worldd. disprove the theory2. barany s theory declared to prove _.a. how our hearing mechanism worksb. why we constantly move our eyesc. that eye movement is affected by temperatured. how hearing reacts(反应 )3. barany s theory was proved i

53、ncorrect in space by the effects of _.a. having no weightc. the pull of gravityb. having no aird. hot and cold air streams(9)scientists are developing a new kind of machine to take the place of humans. these machinescan do jobs in places that are too dangerous for humans. for example, they are being

54、 developedto work in nuclear power center, deep under the oceans and in outer space.john marrit, a psychologist( ) in williamsburg massachusetts, helped develop thenew machine. this is how they work. a machine is placed in an area far away from the personwho operates it. the person wears special har

55、d hat with television screens and sound equipment.the screens and sound equipment let the person see and hear exactly what the machine is seeingand hearing. mr. marrit says this gives the person the feeling of being in the same place as心理学家the machine. the idea, he says, is being there withoutgoing

56、there. the person uses an electronics movements exactly. if thecontrol to make the machine move. the machine copies the personperson raises his right arm, the machine raises the right arm, too. this means an expert cando a dangerous job while staying in the safe place.to destroy a bomb without going near the bomb himself.for example, a person can directthe machine1. the new kind of machine being introduced in the passage is _.a. in existenceb. only an idead. being researched and