非延续性动词转变成延续性动词

1、英语动词根据词义可分为两种，一种是延续性的，一种是终止性的，终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词、瞬间动词、或点动词)，如begin, start, die, buy, leave, come等，表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成，不能再延续，所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用，即不能与表示一段时间的状语，for+时间段, since+时间点/从句连用，也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中。 eg. ive left shanghai for three days.() ive been away from shanghai for three days.(). i left s

2、hanghai three days ago. () it is /has been three days since i left shanghai.() 终止性动词要表示持续时，可用以下方法： 将时间状语改为时间段 + ago，句中谓语动词用一般过去时。 eg. my brother joined the army two yearsago. 我弟弟参军两年了。 若保留for+时间段，since+时间点/从句，或用在 how long句型中，则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词。 常见终止性动词与延续性动词(或状态动词)的对应关系如下： open-be open die-be d

3、ead close-be closed become-be borrow-keep begin/start-be on put on-wear leave-be away (from) buy-have sleep /fall asleep-be asleep end/finish-be over catch a cold-have a cold come backbe back get up-be up come/go/arrive/get/reach/move-be in/at join the army-be in the army/ be a soldier join the part

4、y-be in the party /be a party member my brother has been in the army for two years. my brother has been a soldier for two years. 1. the manager left two hours ago. the manager _ _ _ for two hours. 分析：答案为has been away。leave为非延续性动词，不能与for two hours这样的一段时间连用，而改成be away这样的延续性动词后，则可连用一段时间。 2. the film be

5、gan five minutes ago. the film has been _ _ five minutes. 分析：答案为on for。has been提示时态是现在完成时态，“for+时间段”表示“持续（一段时间）”，常用在含有现在完成时态的句子里。 3. mr li joined the party twenty years ago. mr li _ _ _ the party for twenty years. 答案：has been in。短暂动词join，意为“参加、加入（组织，政党）”，不能与延续时间状语连用，与延续性时间状语连用时，将join改成be in或be a mem

6、ber in。一时找不到相应的状态动词怎么办 如果一时找不到相应的动词或动词短语我们可用“it is 一段时间since从句（用一般过去时）”或“一段时间has passedsince从句（用一般过去时）”这样的结构来表示，这样原来的终止性动词就可以保留下来。如：it is four months since my elder sister went to britain. （我姐姐去英国已有四个月了。）more than three years has passed since mary came to china. （玛丽来中国已有三年多了。） 在上面两个句子中，我们既保留了终止性动词go

7、与come,又表达出four months与more than three years这样的延续性时间状语的含义。 1.when he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes. a. has left b. had left c. has been away d. had been away2. i _ the league for 5 years so far. a. joined b. have joined c. have been in3. the factory _ since the february of 1988. a

8、 . has been open b. has opened c. was open d. opened4. mary and rose _friends since they met in 2000. a. have made b. have been c. made d. have become5.you mustnt _ until he comes back. a. be away b. leave c. be left6.the meeting _ for a week now. a. has finished b. has ended c. has been over7.miss

9、gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. a. has been in b. has come to c. has taught8.ben _ a teacher for 4 years . a. has been b. has become c. was d. became9. i _ home for a week. a. have returned b. have been back c. returned10. how long _ he _ ? a. died b. has, died c. has, been dead11. he _ at eig

10、ht yesterday afternoon. a. slept b. was sleeping c. has sleep d. had slept12.he _ the car for a week. a. bought b. has bought c. has had 13.-how long _ you _ ill ? -two weeks. a. did fall b. have, fell c. have, been14.since 2000, he _ his hometown. a. has left b. has moved away c. has been away from

11、15.ill lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days. a. borrow b. keep c. take16.the bus _ on the road for 2 hours so far. a. has stopped b. stopped c. has been17.are you _ the jacket these days? a. wearing b. putting on c. dressing d. on18.he _ foe 2 hours. a. got up b. has got up c. has been up19