2016年南京师范大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷

1、 2016年南京师范大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(总分：74.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.i cant decide what to do. ill _it and let you know tomorrow.（分数：2.00）a.sleep forb.sleep offc.sleep on d.sleep out of解析：解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。sleep on it为固定搭配，意为“(把重要的事)留待第二天决定”，故答案为c项。sleep off意为“用睡眠消除(旅途劳顿、暴饮暴食等行为引起的不适)”。没有sleep for和

2、sleep out of的用法。2.in the _of the hurricane, many peoples homes were destroyed.（分数：2.00）a.resultb.aftermath c.consequenced.upshot解析：解析：本题考查名词的词义辨析。result意为“结果，效果”，为普通用词，含义广泛，侧重因某种原因所产生的最终结果，而不是眼前的结果。aftermath意为“后果，余波”，尤指灾难或不幸事件的后果，符合空后的 hurricanehomes were destroyed 的语义，故为答案。consequence意为“结果，后果”，多指某一

3、事件引起的必然或自然的结果，不强调直接的因果关系，而侧重事件发展的逻辑关系。upshot意为“最终结果，结局”，是一种决定性结果。3.in the light from the hall, her hair had a golden_.（分数：2.00）a.gleam b.glistenc.glimmerd.glare解析：解析：本题考查名词的词义辨析。gleam意为“闪光，闪亮”，尤指反射的微弱光线。根据in the lightfrom the hall和her hair判断，答案为a项。glisten意为“(光洁或湿润表面等反射的亮光)闪耀，闪光”。glimmer意为“(常指闪烁的)微光”

4、。glare意为“强光”，指眩目的光。4.to my mind, mark twain was _the large man of his time.（分数：2.00）a.beyond the questionb.beyond question c.beyond the doubtd.out of the question解析：解析：本题考查短语辨析。beyond question意为“毫无疑问，无可争辩，毋庸置疑”，相当于短语out of question，既可起形容词的作用，在句中用作表语，也可起副词的作用，在句中作状语。根据句意，马克吐温无疑是他那一时代中了不起的人物，故答案为b项。ou

5、t of the question意为“不可能”，相当于impossible，常用于口语中或句子主语是更加具体的名词或动名词，而不是it或that。没有beyond the question和beyond the doubt这两个固定搭配。5.the _that democracies do not fight each other is based on a tiny historical sample.（分数：2.00）a.propagationb.preposition c.proposald.proposition 解析：解析：本题考查名词的词义辨析。propagation意为“宣传；

6、传播；使普及”。preposition意为“介词”。proposal意为“提议，建议，提案；求婚”。proposition意为“见解，观点”。分析句子结构可知，that引导的是同位语从句，结合四个选项判断，democracies do not fight each other应是一种观点。句意为：认为民主国家互不争斗的观点是以一个极小的历史样本为根据的。6.the roof _under the weight of the snow.（分数：2.00）a.fellb.submergedc.collapsed d.descended解析：解析：本题考查动词的词义辨析。根据空后的 the weig

7、ht of the snow和四个选项的含义判断，既然是由于雪的重量导致的问题，那么房顶应该是坍塌才符合语义，故答案为 collapse(倒塌，塌下)。fall意为“跌倒，塌倒；落下，降落”。submerge意为“潜入水中”。descend意为“下来，下降”。7.which of the following words can not be used to complete with urbanization the _betweenrich and poor sharpened?（分数：2.00）a.grudgeb.antagonism c.detestationd.hatred解析：解析：

8、本题考查名词的词义辨析。grudge意为“不满，积怨，怨恨”。antagonism意为“敌对，对立，对抗”，强调“对立情绪”。detestation意为“厌恶，憎恶”。hatred意为“仇恨，憎恶，敌意”。根据空前的 urbanization(城市化)和空后的 rich and poor(贫富)判断，应表示贫富间的对立情绪。句意为：随着城市化的推进，贫富间的对立情绪也加剧了。8.the moon was casting a rainbow through the _from the waterfall.（分数：2.00）a.spreadb.spray c.scatterd.strew解析：解析

9、：本题考查名词的词义辨析。spread意为“传播，蔓延”。spray意为“浪花，水花，飞沫；水雾，喷雾”。scatter意为“(散放的)摊，堆”。strew意为“撒，散播，在上布满(或撒满)”，是动词。根据空前的定冠词 the，首先排除d项。根据空后的 the waterfall(瀑布)判断，本空所填词应表示“水花”，故答案为b项。句意为：月亮在瀑布溅起的水花上照出了一道彩虹。9.his family was subjected to a (n) _attack by the gang.（分数：2.00）a.tediousb.hideous c.evild.notorious解析：解析：本题考

10、查形容词的词义辨析。tedious意为“乏味的，单调的，冗长的”。hideous意为“(事件、经历或行动)极可恶的，非常痛苦的，令人难以忍受的”，符合空后 attack by the gang(匪帮的袭击)的语义，故为答案。evil意为“邪恶的，坏的”。notorious意为“声名狼藉的；臭名昭著的”。句意为：他的家人遭到了匪帮的恐怖袭击。10.the country was on the _of becoming prosperous and successful.（分数：2.00）a.brim b.rimc.edged.verge 解析：解析：本题考查短语辨析。四个选项均与 on theo

11、f 构成短语。on the brim of意为“(容器的)边，边缘”。on the rim of意为“(圆形物体的)边，缘”。on the edge of意为“濒于，几乎，在边缘”，强调位置。on the verge of意为“接近于，濒临于”，强调将要发生的情况，形势，处境。根据空后的becoming判断，句子应该表示即将发生的事情。句意为：这个国家即将走向繁荣富强。11.which of the following sentences is incorrect?（分数：2.00）a.all his lectures are very interesting.b.half their sav

12、ings were gone.c.many his friends came to the party. d.both his sisters are nurses.解析：解析：本题考查限定词排序。限定词的先后顺序为：前位+中位+后位。四个选项中，all，both，half为前位限定词，his和their为中位限定词，many为后位限定词。many his为“后位+中位”，不符合限定词的先后顺序，故c项不正确。12.which of the following words can not be used to complete weve seen the film_?（分数：2.00）a.be

13、foreb.recentlyc.latelyd.yet 解析：解析：本题考查副词作状语的用法。yet常用于否定句和疑问句，而原句为陈述句，yet在此不能使句子补充完整，符合题干要求。13._should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.（分数：2.00）a.to be not tallb.not being tall c.being not talld.not to be tall解析：解析：本题考查非谓语动词辨析。动词不定式和动名词作主语时的区别：动词不定式作主语时，通常表示具体的某一次动作，动名词作主语时，通常表示泛指或

14、一般的抽象概念，如已知的事实或经验。句中“长得不高”是泛指，即已知的事实，故排除a项和d项。动名词短语being tall是一个整体，表示“长得高”这一事实，所以否定时将not加在前面。14.they stood chatting together as easily and naturally as_.（分数：2.00）a.it could beb.could be c.it wasd.was解析：解析：本题考查状语从句。本句是一个省略句，完整的句子为：they stood chatting together aseasily and naturally as they could be c

15、hatting其中的easily and naturally修饰的是chatting，b项是they could be chatting的省略形式，为答案。a项it could be表示“在可能的情况下”，it指代不明，故排除。句意为：他们站在一起尽可能轻松而又自然地聊天。15.the following are all correct responses to who told the news to the teacher? except_.（分数：2.00）a.jim did this b.jim did soc.jim did that d.jim did解析：解析：本题考查省略回答。

16、对 who told the news to the teacher的标准回答是 jim did，即 jim didit的省略句。此外，还可以用其他代词指代问句中出现的内容，so和 that都可以指代前文中提到的内容，而 this通常用于指代下文内容，是对题干句不正确的回答，符合题干要求。16.in his plays, shakespeare _his characters live through their language.（分数：2.00）a.would makeb.had madec.has maded.makes 解析：解析：本题考查动词时态。分析句子可知，虽然莎士比亚已经去世，

17、但此处是陈述一个事实情况(一个文学常识)，故应用一般现在时，所以答案为d项。句意为：在他的戏剧里，莎士比亚通过语言使他的人物角色栩栩如生。17.the square itself is five hundred yards wide, five times _the size of st. peters in rome.（分数：2.00）a./ b.that ofc.which isd.of解析：解析：本题考查倍数表达法。通常，英语中倍数表示法有如下几种：a主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+as+形容词+as。 例如：i have three times as many as you (我有你三倍那

18、么多。) b主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+the size(amount，length)of。 例如：the earth is 49 times the size of the moon(地球的体积是月球的 49倍。)c主语+谓语+倍数(分数)+形容词(副词)比较级+than。例如：the grain outputis 8 percent higher this year than that of last year (今年比去年粮食产量增加 8。) d还可以用 by+倍数，表示增加多少倍。 例如：the production of grain has been increased by four

19、 timesthis year(今年粮食产量增加了 4倍。) 本题正是第二种用法，故答案为a项。18._dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive.（分数：2.00）a.althoughb.whateverc.asd.however 解析：解析：本题考查让步状语从句的连接词。分析句子可知，空后的形容词dull需用副词修饰，选项中能修饰形容词的只有 however，故答案为d项。whatever后接名词，ahhough和 as是连词，后接句子。句意为：无论他可能多么迟钝，他都是一名当之无愧的成功高层主管人员。19

20、.if only i _play the guitar as well as you!（分数：2.00）a.wouldb.could c.shouldd.might解析：解析：本题考查虚拟语气。if only引导的从句需用虚拟语气时与 i wish一样，表示与事实相反的愿望，其后虚拟语气的时态与 wish后所接时态的情况相同，对目前情况的虚拟，谓语动词用“could+动词原形”，所以b项正确。20.the party, _i was the guest of honor, was extremely enjoyable.（分数：2.00）a.by whichb.for whichc.to wh

21、ich d.at which 解析：解析：本题考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词 the party在从句中作状语，由于“在晚会上”介词用 at，所以引导词为 at which，相当于关系副词 where。二、 reading comprehension(总题数：3，分数：32.00)yet the difference in tone and language must strike us, so soon as it is philosophy that speaks;that change should remind us that even if the f

22、unction of religion and that of reason coincide,this function is performed in the two cases by very differentorgans. religions are many, reasonone. religion consists of conscious ideas, hopes, enthusiasms, and objects of worship; it operatesby grace and flourishes by prayer. reason, on the other han

23、d, is a mere principle or potentialorder, on which indeed we may come to reflect but which exists in us ideally only, without variationor stress of any kind. we conform or do not conform to it; it does not urge or chide us, not callfor any emotions on our part other than those naturally aroused by t

24、he various objects which itunfolds in their true nature and proportion. religion brings some order into life by weightingit with new materials. reason adds to the natural materials only the perfect order which itintroduces into them. rationality is nothing but a form, an ideal constitution which exp

25、eriencemay more or less embody. religion is a part of experience itself, a mass of sentiments and ideas.the one is an inviolate principle, the other a changing and struggling force. and yet thisstruggling and changing force of religion seems to direct man toward something eternal. it seemsto make fo

26、r an ultimate harmony within the soul and for an ultimate harmony between the soul andall that the soul depends upon. religion, in its intent, is a more conscious and direct pursuitof the life of reason than is society, science, or art, for these approach and fill out the ideallife tentatively and p

27、iecemeal, hardly regarding the goal or caring for the ultimate justificationof the instinctive aims. religion also has an instinctive and blind side and bubbles up in allmanner of chance practices and intuitions; soon, however, it feels its way toward the heart ofthings, and from whatever quarter it

28、 may come, veers in the direction of the ultimate. nevertheless,we must confess that this religious pursuit of the life of reason has been singularly abortive.those within the pale of each religion may prevail upon themselves, to express satisfaction withits results, thanks to a fond partiality in r

29、eading the past and generous draughts of hope forthe future; but any one regarding the various religions at once and comparing their achievementswith what reason requires, must feel how terrible is the disappointment which they have one andall prepared for mankind. their chief anxiety has been to of

30、fer imaginary remedies for mortalills, some of which are incurable essentially, while others might have been really cured bywell-directed effort. the greek oracles, for instance, pretended to heal out natural ignorance,which has its appropriate though difficult cure, while the christian vision of he

31、aven pretendedto be an antidote to our natural death the inevitable correlate of birth and of a changingand conditioned existence. by methods of this sort little can be done for the real bettermentof life. to confuse intelligence and dislocate sentiment by gratuitous fictions is a short-sightedway o

32、f pursuing happiness. nature is soon avenged. an unhealthy exaltation and a one-sided moralityhave to be followed by regrettablereactions. when these come, the real rewards of life may seemvain to a relaxed vitality, and the very name of virtue may irritate young spirits untrained inand natural exce

33、llence. thus religion too often debauches the morality it comes to sanction andimpedes the science it ought to fulfill. what is the secret of this ineptitude? why does religion,so near to rationality in its purpose, fall so short of it in its results? the answer is easy;religion pursues rationality

34、through the imagination. when it explains events or assigns causes,it is an imaginative substitute for science. when it gives precepts, insinuates ideals, or remouldsaspiration, it is an imaginative substitute for wisdom i mean for the deliberate and impartialpursuit of all good. the condition and t

35、he aims of life are both represented in religion poetically,but this poetry tends to arrogate to itself literal truth and moral authority, neither of whichit possesses. hence the depth and importance of religion becomes intelligible no less than its contradictions and practical disasters. its object

36、 is the same asthat of reason, but its methodis to proceed by intuition and by unchecked poetical conceits.（分数：10.00）(1).as used in the passage, the author would define wisdom as_.（分数：2.00）a.the pursuit of rationality through imaginationb.an unemotional search for the truthc.a purposeful and unbiase

37、d quest for what is best d.a short-sighted way of pursuing happiness解析：解析：事实细节题。根据题干中的wisdom可将本题出处定位于最后一段第五句。该句指出，当宗教给出训诫、暗示理想或重塑抱负时，它是智慧的代替智慧的意思是有意识而又公正地追求一切好东西，故答案为c项。(2).which of the following statements is not true?（分数：2.00）a.religion seeks the truth through imagination, reason, in its search, u

38、tilizes theemotions. b.religion has proved an ineffective tool in solving mans problems.c.science seeks a piecemeal solution to mans questions.d.the functions of philosophy and reason are the same.解析：解析：事实细节题。第一段第五句指出，不论我们是否遵循理性，它不会催促或责备我们，除了以本来面目和比例揭示各种事物而自然而然地激起我们的感情，它并不需要我们付出任何感情，由此可知，理性并不需要运用感情，

39、a项的表述与原文不符，故为答案。(3).according to the author, science differs from religion in that_.（分数：2.00）a.it is unaware of ultimate goals b.it is unimaginativec.its findings are exact and finald.it resembles society and art解析：解析：事实细节题。根据题干中的 science可将本题出处定位于第一段倒数第二句。该句指出，宗教在其意义上，比社会、科学、艺术更自觉、更直接地追求“理性生活”，因为它们(

40、社会、科学、艺术)暂时而又零星地接近和填补理想的生活，无视目的，也不管其本能的目标是否最终证明正确，故答案为a项。(4).the author states that religion differs from rationality in that_.（分数：2.00）a.it relies on intuition rather than reasoningb.it is not concerned with the ultimate justification of its instinctive aimsc.it has disappointed mankindd.it has ins

41、pired mankind 解析：解析：事实细节题。第一段倒数第三、四句指出，宗教的挣扎与不断变化的力量似乎促使人追求某种永恒的东西，它似乎追求灵魂的最终和谐以及灵魂与灵魂所依赖的一切事物之间的永恒的和谐。也就是说宗教能够激起人们的情感，故答案为d项。(5).according to the author, the pursuit of religion has proved to be_.（分数：2.00）a.imaginativeb.a provider of hope for the futurec.a highly intellectual activityd.ineffectual

42、解析：解析：事实细节题。第二段第一句指出，我们必须承认宗教对理性生活的追求失败了(流产了)。也就是说，宗教追求理性生活是无效的，故答案为d项。in some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for grantedas a means of solving differences,that it is not even questioned. there are countries wherethewhite man imposes his rule by brute forc

43、e; there are countries where the black man protests bysetting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. important people on both sides, who wouldin other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violenceas if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. what is

44、really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actualprogress at all. we may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remainbasically unchanged. the whole of the recorded history of the human race, tha

45、t tediousdocumentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. we have still not learnt that violencenever solves a problem but makes it more acute. the sheer horror, the bloodshed, the sufferingmean nothing. no solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate thesm

46、oking ruins and wonder what hit us. the truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lieare finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. they are despised, mistrusted and even persecutedby their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement.if half the en

47、ergy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directedat cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education andemployment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. our strength is sappedby having to mop up the

48、 mess that violence leaves in its wake. in a well-directed effort, it wouldnot be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social program. the benefits that can be derivedfrom constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. genuine and lastingsolutions are always possible,

49、 providing we work within the framework of the law. before we caneven begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each othersproblems. and to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication,in exchanging information. talk, talk, talk,

50、the advocates of violence say, all you ever dois talk, and we are none the wiser. its rather like the story of the famous barrister whopainstakingly explained his case to the judge. after listening to a lengthy argument the judgecomplained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. possible, m

51、y lord, the barristerreplied, none the wiser, but surely far better informed. knowledge is the necessary prerequisiteto wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.（分数：10.00）(1).what is the best title for this passage?（分数：2.00）a.advocating violence.b.violence can do no

52、thing to diminish race prejudice. c.important people on both sides see violence as a legitimate solution.d.the instincts of human race are thirsty for violence.解析：解析：文章主旨题。第一段主要指出一种现象：在种族歧视严重的国家中，暴力被公认为是一种解决方法，整个有关人类的有文字记录的历史，即对暴力进行冗长记录的历史，根本没有教给我们任何东西。第二段解释这种现象可能的解决办法：在法律的构架中进行工作。第三段进一步提出解决办法：对彼此问题

53、的“交流、对话”了解双方问题的前提。综合这三段可知，本文认为暴力解决不了问题，要依靠法律及双方的“交流、对话”，b项符合本文的主旨，故为答案。(2).recorded history has taught us_.（分数：2.00）a.violence never solves anythingb.nothing c.the bloodshed means nothingd.everything解析：解析：事实细节题。根据题干中的 recorded history可将本题出处定位于第一段第六句。本句指出，整个人类的有文字记录的历史，即对暴力进行冗长记录的历史，根本没有教给我们任何东西，故答案为

54、b项。(3).it can be inferred that truly reasonable men_.（分数：2.00）a.cant get a hearingb.are looked down uponc.are persecutedd.have difficulty in advocating law enforcement 解析：解析：事实细节题。根据题干中的 truly reasonable men可将本题出处定位于第二段。本段前两句指出，那些知道解决方法是什么的真正有理智的人发现自己的想法越来越难以被别人倾听。他们因为宣扬 法制而遭到同类的轻视、不信任、甚至是迫害。a项、b项和c

55、项虽然都有提及，但它们都包含在d项内，所以本题最佳答案应为d项。(4). he was none the wiser means_.（分数：2.00）a.he was not at all wise in listeningb.he was not at all wiser than nothing beforec.he gains nothing after listening d.he makes no sense of the argument解析：解析：句意理解题。根据题干中的“he was none the wiser”可将本题出处定位于最后一段倒数第三、四句。这两句中提到，一位著名

56、的律师费劲地向法官解释案件，但是在听完后，法官抱怨he was nonethe wiser。结合选项及句意可推断，he was none the wiser在这里表示“不明白”，即不管律师怎么解释案件，法官还是没听明白，故答案为c项。(5).according the author the best way to solve race prejudice is_.（分数：2.00）a.law enforcement b.knowledgec.nonviolenced.mopping up the violent mess解析：解析：事实细节题。第二段最后一句指出，如果我们在法律的构架中进行工作，真正持久的解决总是能实现的。由此可知，作者认为要解决种族歧视，最好的方法是依靠法律的力量来解决，故答案为a项。a bilingual person is someone who speaks two languages. a person who speaks more than two languagesis called multilingual (although the term bilin