音标教材(适合小升初)

1、48个国际音标:元rVt 77*单兀曰(12)长兀音i： ?： ?： u： a：短兀音1 1 ? ? 1 u A? e双元音（8）ai ei ?I i ? ?u u? au辅清浊成对辅音（20）清辅音p t k f s 0/ t / tr ts浊辅音b d g v z e 3 d 3 dr dz鼻音（3）m n(7)似拼音（3）h r 1半元音（2）j w音节开音节和闭音节音素：音的最小单位，英语中有48个音素.音节：由一个元音音标单独构成，或者由元音和辅音构成的发音单位元音：发音响亮，是乐音，口腔中气流不受阻碍，是音节的主要组成部分英语中有20 个元音.辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音，口腔中气流受

2、到阻碍，不是音节的重要组成部分，英语 中有28个辅音.开音节：1）辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e女口 :kite cake name bike make take home plane shi ne2）辅音+元音女口： he hi go no do be hello闭音节：1）辅音 + 兀音 + 辅音 女口： sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head2）元音+辅音如: it is of in on up out ant掌握p bt d k g i i: ? ?:的发音及写法一般发音为:/p/ O比如:piggy pear, peach, pig, play

3、etc.一般发音为:/b/ o比如:bike, bad, boy, bed etc.一般发音为:/t/o比如:ten, twelve, hat, sweater, Tshirt etc.一般发音为:/d/o比如:dog, dance, doll, duck etc.一般发音为:/k/ o比如:kill, kite, cook, park etc. 般在词尾ck /k/，比如:i发音字母i发音字母a:orange发音字母e:eleven, jacketduck, sock, black, jacket, chicke n ch /k/, 比女口 ： school, Christmas, head

4、ache c有两种发音:/k/o比如:cake, can, carrot, clap, clever, cow, card, cat，come, colormusic, picture.或/s/o比如： rice, cite, city.g 般发音为：/g/o 比女口： grandpa, green, grape, good, egg : fish, big, six, milk, swim, swing, sis ter, lit tie, give, is, it, Miss, pigpi nk, rabbit, ri ng, i n, visit, wi ndow-y : happy,

5、party, story, family, eighty，hobbyey : mon keyi : e : me, we, he, she, these, zebra字母组合 ee : green, jeep, meet, queen, see, seesaw, three, feet, sheep, need,sweet, k neeea： ice cream, please, teacher, read, peach, meat字母组合 ie ei : piece, believe, thief,receive? a : banan a, umbrella, a ni mal, away,

6、 zebra, abouto : carrot, lion, mel on, tomorrow e：open字母组合orcolor字母组合errooster, ruler, clever, teacher, farmer, hamburger, sweater?:字母组合ir:bird, girl, skirt, shirt, thirty，thirteen, third, sir字母组合ur:hamburger, Thursday字母组合or:work, word字母组合ear : earth,early, learn掌握f v 0e ：? ? u u：的发音及写法f 般发音为：/f/o 比

7、女口： fine, five, fly, forth, fox, fan, frog, floor etc.ph/f/, 比如： phone, photo, physics, elephant, laugh gh/f/, 比女口： enough, coughV 般发音为：/v/ o比如: vase, visit, very, seven, eleven, twelve, clever, wave,love, give, five.th / 0 /,比如：thank, three, m outh, birthday, third, ma th, tooth, teeth/ e/ 比女口: the

8、y, t his, that, then, t here, those, father, mot her, brot her?发音字母a : what, watch, wash发音字母o : hot, dog, stop, frog, not, orange, doll, fox, long, on, sock, story, off字母组合or : tomorrow?:字母组合al : all, small, tall, ball字母组合 or : horse, short, morning , for , forty，Sports Day字母组合 oor : door, floor字母组合

9、 aw : draw, seesaw字母组合 our : four, your字母组合 au : August,Australian字母组合 ore : before字母组合 oar : boardu发音字母o : wolf ,woman发音字母Uput, full, beautiful字母组合00:book, good, foot, look, wool, cooku：发音字母blue, ruler发音字母:who, whose, shoe字母组合oo : noodles, rooster, zoo, too, school字母组合ou : you掌握s z ts dz A g：的发音及写法

10、一般发音为:/s/o比如 :say, sing, sister, stop，seesaw, sweet etc.或/z/。比如:vis it, nose, presen t, use, music, please或/s/o比如:z 般发音为:/z/o比如:zebra, zoo, size, zeroC有两种发音： /k/o 比如: cake, card, clever, cap.face, nice, danee, pencil, rice, city, policeman.ts ts cats, boats, rabbits, carrots, hats, shirts, skirts, k

11、ites, robots, Sports Day/ 发音字母。发音字母Uds dz cards, birds, beds, han ds, heads, frie nds, goods, woodsbrot her, color, come, love, mon key, mot her , some, s on duck, must，number, umbrella, but，jump, run, uncle, us, buslunch 子均组白 ou : touch, young, eno ugh日：发音字母a字母组合ar掌握tr dr e?的发音及写法:after noon , ba n

12、an a, da nee, fat her, gra ndma, gra ndpa, class, grass, basket card, st ar, arm, art, farm, large, park, garden, car, March aretr tr train, tree, try, trick, true, trip dr dr draw, dress, dri nk, dream, driver, h un dred e e : egg, red, te n, he n, pe n, pe ncil, let, pet, yes, hello, seve n, yello

13、w, be nd, clever, leg,mel on, n ext, prese nt, eleve n, twelve, frie nd, whe n, bella : many字母组合 ea : head, ready, sweater? a 在闭 音韦中 :bag, apple, hat, black, cat, carrot, rabbit, clap, can, hand, and, am, have, ant, family, happy, glad, stamp, a ni mal, hamburger, gra ndpa, gra ndma掌握/ 3 t / d 3 ei

14、bi的发音及写法sh/, 比如: she, fish, ship, shirt, T-shirt, skirt, short, English, sheep, shoe.s / /，sures 3 : usallych/1/ /, 比女口: peach, touch, teacher, chair, lunch, , China, childrent ch/1 / /, 比女口 ： cat ch, match, wat ch, kit chen.dge/d 3 /, 比如：bridge, knowledge.ge/d 3 /,比如 :orange, large, fridge, age, pa

15、ge.j/d 3 /,比如： jeep, jacket, jump, just, subject, juiceei发音字母a : cake, vase, pencil-case, grape, make, name, wave, lake, take, facepla ne, baby字母组合ay:lay, play, may, say, day, X-ray, away字母组合ey:they字母组合ai:wait, rain, train, E-mail, afraid字母组合ei:eight字母组合ea:great, breakai发首字母fine, five, hi, kite, lio

16、n, ice cream, idea, nice, nine, white, bikelike, ride, size, slide发音字母y : bye, my，buy, eye, fly, try, shy字母组合igh : light, right, night, high掌握hr1即i?的发音及写法 h 般发音为: /h/o 比女口: happy, have, hello, horse, hamburger.wh /h/ : who whose whole（特殊h不发音:hour, honest）r 一般发音为： /r/o 比如： rabbit，:red, ruler, run, pr

17、esent，:rain.wr /r/ :write, wro ng1 一般发音为： /!/o 比女口: lion, play, milk, smile, tail, leg.?I字母组合 oy : boy, toy, oyster字母组合oi : oil ,voicei ?1字母组合 ea : idea, realy字母组合earyear, ear, hear, near, clear, tear字母组合 ere : here掌握m n (7)?uJ bu的发音及写法二m 般发音为：/m/ o比如：make, mom, music, math, monkey, mouthn般发音为:/n/o比

18、如: nine, ni ce, ba nana, n eed, eno ugh.kn/n/, 比女口： knee, know, knife, knockn在辅音k g之前发?： ng/ n /, 比如： sing, swing, morning, English, young, bring, kangaroo,Ion g, pe nguin, ringnk/n k/, 比如： uncle, thank, pink, monkey, ring, bank, ink, think?u发音字母o : home, go, no, phone, nose, open, old, those字母组合ow

19、: window, yellow, snow, know, follow, tomorrow字母组合oa : boat, coat，soap, goat, road, loadau字母组合ow : now, cow, down, how, flower字母组合ou : house, mouse, mouth，about, cloudy掌握jw可？u?的发音及写法y/j/o 比如：yellow, year, yes, yoke, New York, you, yam, yesterda 1 般在词 首w 般发音为： /w/o 比女口:watch, word, work, wear, we, wo

20、ol, wife wh /w/ : white, whe n, where, what, why, which, whale e ?字母组合 ere : there , where字母组合earwear, pear, bear, tear字母组合air字母组合areair, fair, hair, chair, staircare, dare, hare, farewellu?字母组合 ure 字母组合oorsurepoor字母组合 our : tour另：清辅音浊化英语浊化只出现在下列情况下：当/p/、厂、/k/、/tr/前面的音标是/s/,且所在音节 是重 读音节则清辅首浊化成/b/、/d

21、/、/g/、/dr/。浊化的一个根本特点是，发音发生改变，而音标的书写方式没有改变，所以在拼读的时 候尤其要注意。比如school我们虽然读作/sgu：l/,但音标依然要写成/sku：1/o如：star, stop, skirt, Sport Day, stamp, story, school, sky, spend, spring, student, study,speak, sti ck, st amp, str ong, st ay, st ream etc.名词复数：1、构成方法及读音规则1）一般情况力口 - s:map-maps boy-boys girl-girls pen-pen

22、s bag-bags carcars清辅音后读/s/,浊辅音和兀音后读/z/,在/s/, /z/, /, /t / /, /d 3 /等音后读/iz/女口:faces, oranges, vases, horse, fridge, nurse, officer 2）2）以s, sh, ch, x结尾力口es,读 /iz/bus-buses watchwatches box-boxesdress-dresses address-addresses fox-foxeses,3）以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加 es,读 /z/ baby babies hobby-hobbiescity-cities country-countries但以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加S变复数。例如: two Marys the Henrys monkeymonkeys holidayholidays4）以。结