中西时间观念的对比分析PPT课件

1、授课：XXX1 Reflections of Time Concept Linear extension and circular rotation 线伸环旋线伸环旋 Western: extension, sense of time shortage, future valued Chinese: rotation, sense of time abundance, past cherished 授课：XXX2 Time is a river, a torrent, a waterfall. Time is marching, flying and flowing. Time is comp

2、ared to water Time and tide wait for no man Time lost is never found again 授课：XXX3 “Time is the devourer of everything.” Ovid Roman Poet 43 B. C. English Poet (1608 1674) English Playwright (1564 1616) 时间是一切事物的 吞食者。 奥维特 “Time is the subtle thief of youth.” - Milton “Time is most brisk and giddy-pace

3、d.” - Shakespeare 时间是窃走青春的神秘 盗贼 。 弥尔顿 时间步伐如此迅疾，令人眼 花缭乱。 莎士比亚 Quotations from Poets 授课：XXX4 昨天昨天 今天今天 明天明天 Times Paces When I was a babe and wept and slept, Time crept; When I was a boy and laughed and talked, Time walked. Then when the years saw me a man, Time ran. But as I older grew, Time flew. So

4、on, as I journey on, Ill find time gone. May Christ have saved my soul, by then, Amen. Guy Pentreath (1902 - 1985) 授课：XXX5 春与秋其代序。 （屈原：离骚） Spring alternates with autumn. 日月光华，旦复旦兮。 (尚书大传上卷） The sun alternates with the moon; Days come one after another soon. Time is like a circle 授课：XXX6 失之东隅，收之桑榆。 W

5、hat is lost at sunrise can be regained at sunset. 冯异 Idiom: 时来运转 The favor of the time cycle brings good luck. 授课：XXX7 After extreme bad luck, comes good luck 枯木逢春犹再发 A withered tree comes to life again 授课：XXX8 Americans believe time is a limited resource, they try to conserve and manage it. People

6、do all they can to squeeze more life out of their time. Do you love life? Then do not waste time, for that is the stuff life is made of. 授课：XXX9 Subjective time and objective time Americans see time as a valuable resource. Maybe thats why they are fond of the expression, Time is money. American sens

7、e of time shortage 授课：XXX10 deadlines plans appointments pocket planners calendars accountings on time in time time managements time tables agendas schedules 授课：XXX11 Americans seem tied to the clock. 授课：XXX12 The Blockbuster 授课：XXX13 American lifestyles show how much people respect the time of othe

8、rs. When people plan an event, they often set the time days or weeks in advance. Once the time is fixed, it takes almost an emergency to change it. If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit, they will usually call first to make sure it is convenient. 授课：XXX14 To outsiders, Americans

9、seem tied to the clock. People in other cultures value relationships more than schedules. In these societies, people dont try to control time, but to experience it. Chinese, for example, view time as a cycle. They find it easier to go with the flow than Americans, who like plans to be fixed and unch

10、angeable. 授课：XXX15 VIIIVIIVIVIVIIIIII Cause and Effect 授课：XXX16 Chinese sense of time abundance The Chinese nations concept of time is rooted in the culture of farming time; time has a close relation with the nature. Time is really fleeting, but it also circle like the constantly changing of four se

11、asons, and the sun and the moon cycle alternately, it will come back soon; so people usually think that the lost time could be back. This kind of view of time shaped people a sense that time is rich, and also nurtured a habit of leisure and slow living habit. 授课：XXX17 Cases Time for Chinese is more

12、flexible and more human-centered. They usually schedule several activities at the same time They usually put interpersonal relations above the schedule The big shot usually is late 授课：XXX18 慢走 慢用 慢慢看 慢慢做 慢慢商量 慢慢欣赏 慢慢来 授课：XXX19 American future orientation the westerners (especially the Americans) wer

13、e influenced by the Christian “original sin”, tending to believe “men at their birth, are naturally evil. So most of them choose the futuristic time orientation. Such as: A.“跟上时代”(keeping up with the time) B.“关注未来”(keeping an eye on the future) as the action guidance. C. It was widely believed that

14、equality in opportunities for everybody, insignificance in history. If they work hard, it will be successful; Change means progress, and new things are always better than the old things. 授课：XXX20 Chinese past orientation China as the representative of Asians choose to look back in the time orientati

15、on Cultural factors: Asians (especially the Chinese) was influenced by traditional Confucian culture, so tending to believe “Men at their birth are naturally good”. And social guidance incline to tradition. Expressions : A. considering whether this matter has been done over the past and what the suc

16、cessful experience and lessons from failures is. B. worshipping of ancestors, respecting the elderly and teachers, attaching importance to experience, age, which has relation with the past. 授课：XXX21 授课：XXX22 The word “Lao” in China used to show respect to those who are more experienced and usually o

17、lder, like “Lao Li”, “Lao Wang”. In this way we show respect and amity to the old people, which indicates a past time orientation. 授课：XXX23 Chinese belong to the “past time orientation”, and the Chinese nation have a long history for five thousand years, so people in China attach great importance to

18、 history and tradition. Although contemporary Chinese people also pay attention to look forward, “past” also take an important role in peoples deep heart. On the other hand, people hold a different attitude on the predecessors. This is because the clear difference in the attitude to the word “old”.

19、So you must use some euphemism, such as “senior” ,“aged”, “veteran”，“citizen”, ”golden ager”, “elder”, etc. All these reflect the Americans “future-oriented” conception of time indirectly. They think that past thing are just the past, they never treat past thing as a good thing. 授课：XXX24 Old means m

20、aturity, full of wisdom and experience 授课：XXX25 “old” means “useless”, “hopeless”, Old means useless, hopeless, fragile, approaching to death 授课：XXX26 昨天昨天 今天今天 明天明天 In The Silent Language, Hall lays emphasis on the voices of time. “Time talks. It speaks more plainly than words. The message it conve

21、ys comes through loud and clear. Because it is manipulated less consciously, it is subject to less distortion than the spoken language. It can shout the truth where words lie.” Edward Twitchell Hall 授课：XXX27 Changes With the acceleration of the Chinas modernization, and the increase of foreign excha

22、nge, we are constantly absorbing in the essence of the foreign culture, and the concept of time also gradually changed. The linear sense of time gradually engaged into the Chinese culture. Meanwhile, westerners understanding and acceptance degree to traditional Chinese culture is constantly improving, with the increase of various cultural communication, the phenomenon of cultural fusion also increased, Chinese and westerners respecti