新概念英语语法

1、一、一般现在时（一） be动词的一般现在时一、一般现在时：表示现在或经常发生的动作或状态。I am a teacher.二、be（am is、are）表示状态：是在地方（后面加in、at ;大地方用in,小地方用at）This pen is red.They are in BJ.He is at school.He is in the room. （in 在里）三、人称代词主格：代替人或物的词。只能做主语的人称代词：I我you你 he他she她it它We我们you你们 they他（她、它）们四、人称代词的宾格：只能放在动词或介词后做宾语的人称代词。me我 you你 him他 her她 it它u

2、s我们 you你们 them他（她、它）们五、形容词性物主代词：后边必须加名词的物主代词。my我的 your你的 his他的 her她的 its它的 our我们的 your你们的 their他（她、它）们的 Its leg is broke n.六、提示代词this这（这个）that那（那个）：加单数可数名词或不可数名词 these这些those那些：加复数可数名词七、句子成份主语：动作或状态的发出者谓语：主语发出的动作或状态宾语：主语动作的对象表语：表示主语的位置或状态be动词+表语做谓语She is in my room.I beat him.He is a stude nt.主谓宾主谓表

3、八、一般问句：be + 主语+表语 九、否定句：主语 + be not +表语十、some一些（用在肯定句中）any些（用在否定句、问句中）十一、特殊问句：疑问词+ be + 主语+表语练习：1、They are students.What are they?2、This is dirty water.Which is dirty water? （which 那些）What water is this?（名词前的修饰部分在疑问句中仍放在修饰词之后）3. He is in my room.In whose room is he?Where is he?4、They are in that cla

4、ssroom.Who are in that classroom?(当疑问词做主语时要用陈述句语序)In which classroom are they?Where are they?5、This water is dirty.How is this water?(或 How about this water?)6、Those are ten books.Where are ten books?How many books are those?7、That is some bread.How much bread is that?& It is Monday today.What day i

5、s it today?-2 -(二)实意动词的一般现在时一、实意动词：表示动作的动词二、实意动词的一般现在时：表示现在或经常发生的动作。三、句子结构：主语 +实意动词 +宾语+其它They sweep the floor at 6:00 in the afternoon everyday.四、当主语是第三人称单数时：1、一般动词后加 s, work f worksHe works for ten hours everyday.2、havef hasShe has three brothers and two sisters.3、以 s、 x、 ch、 sh 结尾的动词加 es, catchf

6、catches以 th 结尾的动词加 s, mouthfmouthsShe catches a cold once a month.4、以 y 结尾的动词, y 前为元音时加 sHe plays football for three hours everyday.5、以 y 结尾的动词, y 前为辅音字母时,去 y 加 iesHe studies English Chinese and Maths at school.6、以 o 结尾的动词加 esShe goes to Beijing three times a month.五、否定句：主语+ do ndoesn+实意动词原形+宾语+其它六、

7、一般问句： Do(Does) +主语+实意动词原形 +宾语+其它 练习：变否定句和一般问句1 、 They sweep the floor at 6:00 in the afternoon everyday. They dont sweep the floor at 6:00 in the afternoon everyday. Do they sweep the floor at 6:00 in the afternoon everyday?2、She has three brothers and two sisters.She doesnthas three brothers and tw

8、o sisters.Does she has three brothers and two sisters?或 She hasnt three brothers and two sisters.Has she three brothers and two sisters?have或has的否定式也可以用 haven或hasnt七、特殊问句：疑问词+do(does)+主语+实意动词原形+宾语+其它练习：1、They sweep the floor at 6:00 in the after noon everyday.What do they sweep at 6:00 in the after

9、noon everyday?What time do they sweep the floor in the after noon everyday?2、He works for ten hours everyday.Who works for ten hours everyday?How long does he work everyday?3、She has three brothers and two sisters.How many brothers and two sisters does she has?4、She catches a cold once a mon th.How

10、many times a month does she catch a cold?5、He plays football for three hours everyday.For how many hours does he play football everyday?介词后面的名词或代词做介词的宾语。for表示一段时间6、He studies English Chinese and Math at school.What and Math does he study at school?7、She goes to Beiji ng three times a mon th.How ofte

11、 n does she go to Beiji ng?二、Here be 句型一、Here be表示这（这些）是 给你在这儿呢二、Here beHere is +单数可数名词 不可数名词+其它Here are +复数可数名词+其它三、Here be用法的注意事项1. Here be+名 词Here is your pen.Here is some bread.Here are some books.Here is your pen and books.Here are your pens and books.2. Here+人称代词主格+ beHere I amHere you areHere

12、 they are二、动词不定式一、动词不定式：to +动词原形，构成动词不定式。二、作用：可当主语、宾语、表语Your work is to repair ri?p?修理 my watch.表主谓To repair your watch is my work.主L want to repair your watch. 主 谓is in BJ.表主 谓She js stude nt.主谓 宾It is my work表主 谓Ji is n ice.-表主谓Ji is easy.It is my work to repair your watch. 形式主语真主语It is nice to me

13、et you.形式主语真主语It is easy to wash my T-shirt. 形式主语真主语H is nice to meet you.表动词不定式|形式主语谓t真主语-12 -四、there be、表示：在 地方有1、there is+there be可数名词单数 不可数名词 可数名词单数 I卜+其它不可数名词 there are+复数可数名词 复数可数名词+其它2、一般问句：be there+名词+地点3、否定句：There be not+名词+地点some 一些（用在肯定句中） any些（用在否定句、问句中）5、特殊问句：疑问词+be there+名词+地点 练习：1、The

14、re is a pencil-box on your desk.What is there on your desk?2、There is some paper on that table.How much paper is there on that table?On which table is there any paper?3、There is an eraser and three pens in my pencil-box.How many erasers and three pens are there in my pen cil-box?In whose pen cil-box

15、 is there an eraser and three pens?4、There are three cups on that table.How many cups are there on that table?5、There are some cups and a spoon on that table.What and a spo on is there on that table?On which table are there any cups and a spo on?、there be的be going to句型：表示在某地即将有某物1、there be(is are )

16、going to be +名词 + 地点 + 其它2、否定句：there be not going to be +名词+地点+其它3、一般问句：be there not goi ng to be +名词+地点+其它4、特殊问句：疑问词+be + there going to be +名词+地点+时间练习：1、There is going to be_an apple and two oranges on that table in three minutes.How many apples and two oran ges are there going to be on that table

17、 in three minu tes?What and two oranges are there going to be on that table in three minutes? On which table is there going to be an apple and two ora nges in three minu tes?In how many minu tes is there going go be an apple and two ora nges on that table?Whe n is there going to be an apple and two

18、oran ges on that table?2、There are going to be two dresses and a coat on my bed tomorrow morning.On whose bed are there going to be two dresses and a coat tomorrow morning?Which morning are there going to be two dresses and a coat on my bed?五、be going to、be going to：表示“即将、将要、打算”干必须加动词原形be（am、is、are）

19、、be going to be表示 即将成为 即将到达某地 即将在某处呆多长时间1、否定句：主语 + be not going to be +表语+其它2、一般问句：be + 主语+ going to be +表语+其它3、特殊问句：疑问词+ be + 主语+ goi ng to be +表语+其它练习：1、She is going to be an engineer next week.What is she going to be n ext week?Which week is she going to be an engin eer?Whe n is she going to be a

20、n engin eer?2、They are going to be in ZJK in two hours. （in 在多长时间之后）Who are going to be in ZJK in two hours?Where are they going to be in two hours?In how many hours are they going to be in ZJK?Whe n are they going to be in ZJK?3、You are going to be in ZJK for three days.（for 表示一段时间）For how many day

21、s are you going to be in ZJK?How long are you going to be in ZJK?4、They are going to be here at 9 lock.What time are they going to be here?5、They are going to be here on Monday.What day are they going to be here?三、实意动词：表示动作的动词。be goi ng to +实意动词原形，表示即将发生的动作特殊问句：疑问词+be+主语+goi ng to+实意动词原形+宾语+其它练习：1、

22、She is going to clean the blackboard with an eraser.Who is going to clea n the blackboard with an eraser?What is she going to clea n with an eraser?With what is she going to clea n the blackboard?How is she going to clea n the blackboard?2、They are going to go to BJjhjs after noon.What are they goin

23、g to do this after noon?Which after noon are they going to go to BJ?Whe n are they going to go to BJ?3、They are going to go to the park three times a week.How many times a week are they going to go to the park?How ofte n are they going to go to the park?六、单数可数名词变复数可数名词1、一般名词后加“ s”desk desksbook book

24、sgirl girlspage pages2、 以s、x、ch、sh、z结尾的名词加“ es”，以th结尾的名词加“ s”bus busesbox boxesdish disheswatchwatchesbuzz buzzes mouth mouths3、 以f、fe结尾的名词去掉“ f或fe”加“ ves”leaf leaveskn ife kni ves thief thieves wife wives只能加“ s” ：cliff kl ?f（悬崖）cliffssafetse ?f（保险箱）safesproofpru?f （证据）proofsgulfg?it（海湾）gulfschieft

25、?i?f（首领）chises4、以“y”结尾的名词y前为元音字母时直接加“ s”，y前是辅音字母去掉“ y” 加“ ies”toytoys boy boys rayre?（光线）rays guyga?（家伙）guysfamily families factory”？ kt（ ?）r?（工厂）factories partyg a ?t?（党）parties5、以“o”结尾的名词加“ es”，以“ oo”结尾的名词加“ s”herqh ?r?（英雄）heroestomatot?m a ?t?（西红柿）tomatoespotatop?te ?t?（土豆）potatoes bamboqb? mbu：（

26、竹子）bamboos 只能加“ s”： piano（pi? n?u（钢琴）pianos radiotre ?d?（收音机）radios photof?t?（照片）photos studiostju?d?（画室）studios七、情态动词（一）情态动词+实意动词原形一、情态动词must必须can能够 may可以 should应当 ought应当need需要（即是情态动词又是实意动词）二、句子结构：主语+情态动词+实意动词原形+宾语+其它1、You must go to BJ at 8 oclock.2、You may cut the three sticks with a knife tomor

27、row.3、He can carry those books to the third floor.4、You should go to the park three times a week.5、You ought to go to the park three times a week.6、He need buy three pens. （need是情态动词）7、 He needs three pens.（need 是实意动词）三、否定句：主语+情态动词+n ot+实意动词原形+宾语+其它must当必须讲时否定句用needntought to 的否定句 ought not to1、You

28、neednt go to BJ at 8 oclock.2、You may not cut the three sticks with a knife tomorrow.3、He cant carry those books to the third floor.4、You should not go to the park three times a week.5、You ought not to go to the park three times a week.6、He needntbuy three pens.7、He doesnt need three pens.四、一般问句：情态动

29、词+主语+实意动词原形+宾语+其它1、Must you go to BJ at 8 oclock?2、Ought you to go to the park three times a week?3、Need he buy three pens?4、Does he need three pens?五、特殊问句：疑问词+情态动词+主语+实意动词原形+宾语+其它1、You must go to BJ at 8 dclock.What must you do at 8 oclock?无论作何时态的陈述句只要划动词就表示“干什么”What time must you go to BJ?2、You ma

30、y cut the three sticks with a knife tomorrow.Who may cut the three sticks with a knife tomorrow?当疑问词做主语时用陈述句语序How many sticks may you cut with a knife tomorrow?How may you cut the three sticks tomorrow?Whe n may you cut the three sticks with a knife?3、He can carry those books to the third floor.Whic

31、h books can he carry to the third floor?To which floor can he carry those books?4、You should go to the park three times a week.Where should you go three times a week?5、You ought to go to the park three times a week.How many times a weed ought you to go to the park?How ofte n ought you to go to the p

32、ark?6、He need buy three pens.How many pens n eed he buy?（二）情态动词表示推测一、must、may、might 表示推测1、He must be a beggar乞丐）.他一定是个乞丐He may be a beggar.2、He must be in the library.He might be in the library.3、He must be going to BJ.He may be going to BJ.4、Your cap might be red.Your cap must be red.他有可能是个乞丐他一定在图书

33、馆他有可能在图书馆他一定正在去北京他有可能去北京你的帽子有可能是红的你的帽子一定是红的定有三本书5、There must be three books on your desk. 在你的课桌上There might be three books on your desk. 在你的课桌有可能有三本书对现在事物及正在 进行的动作的推测must 一定may有可能广+名词(must+介词短语may + be + vi ngI +形容词must “ There+” be + 名词+地点may、否定句：主语 +ca n + be +表语+其它He canbe a teacher.他不可能是一名老师当mus

34、t含义是“必须”时，否定句用“ needn” 当may含义是“可以”时，否定句用“ may not ”三、一般问句：can +主语+ be+表语+其它Can he be a teacher?当” ” m.ust“禾表示 推测吐它.们的 含义分力U定“有可I.且匕否定句.都是一.a can not”.,.一般问一句者E用一.can四、特殊问句:1、He may be a beggar.What may he be?2、He might be in the library.Who might be in the library?Where might he be?3、He may be going

35、 to BJ.Who may be going go BJ?Where may he be going?What may he be?4、There must be three books on your desk.How many books must there be on your desk?On whose desk must there be three books?八、现在进行时一、现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作。二、句子结构：主语+ be +现在分词+宾语+其它be +现在分词做谓语三、现在分词的变化1、一般动词后加ing。2、以e结尾的动词去掉e加ing。3、 以辅元辅字母

36、结尾的动词双写最后一个字母再加ing。stopstopping4、以ie结尾的动词去掉ie加ing。 He is study ing less on two in my room. They are buying red pens in that shop. She is writing a letter to her mother. That dog is running after a cat. You are lying in my bed.5、 e前的三个字母为辅元辅时去掉e加ing;其它以e结尾的动词加ingmak maki ngtak takingbe beingagree同意）a

37、gree ingbecome becoming canoe用独木舟运货）canoeing四、否定句：主语+ be + n ot + 现在分词+宾语+其它五、一般问句：be + 主语+现在分词+宾语+其它六、特殊问句：疑问词+ be +主语+现在分词+宾语+其它 He is study ing less on two in _my room.Which less on is he study ing in my room?In whose room is he study ing in my room? They are buying _red pens in that shop.What pe

38、n are they buying in that shop?In which shop are they buying any red pens?Where are they buying red pens? She is writing a letter to _her mother.What is she writing to her mother?To whose mother is she writi ng a letter? That dog is running after a cat.Which dog is running after a ca？What is that do

39、g running after? You are lying in my bed.In whose bed are you lying?九、一般将来时一、一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或状态。实意动词表示动作，be动词和there be表示状态，助动词是 will，will后加动词原形。（一）be动词一般将来时1、句子结构：主语+ will + be +表语+其它2、 will be表示：将要成为 将要到达某地（大地方用in,小地方用at）表示将要呆多长时间（表示一段时间用for） She will be an engineer next year. They will be in Shang

40、Hai at 10:00. They will be in ShangHai for six days.表示呆一段时间3、否定句：主语+ will not + be +表语+其它won5They won be in S.H for six days.4、一般问句： Will +主语+ be +表语+其它Will they be in S.H for six days?5、特殊问句：疑问词+ will +主语+ be +表语+其它 She will be an engineer next year.What will she be n ext year?Which year will she b

41、e an engin eer?Whe n will she be an engin eer? They will be in ShangHai at 10:00.Who will be in ShangHai at 10:00?Where will they be at 10:00?What time will they be in Sha ngHai? They will be in ShangHai for six days.Where will they be for six days?How long will they be in ShangHai ？（二）there be的一般将来

42、时：表示在某地将要有某物1、句子结构：There will be +名词+地点+时间 There will be a pen on your desk this after noon. There will be a cup and two books on that table tomorrow. There will be five boys and a girl in my room at 10:00.2、否定句：There will not be +名词+地点+时间won There won be five boys and a girl in my room at 10:00.3、一

43、般问句：Will there be +名词+地点+时间Will there be five boys and a girl in my room at 10:00?4、特殊问句：疑问词+will there be +名词+地点+时间 There will be a pen on your desk this after noon.How many pen will there be on your desk this after noon?On whose desk will there be a pen this after noon?Which after noon will there

44、be a pen on your desk?Whe n will there be a pen on your desk? There will be a cup and two books on that table tomorrow. What and two books will there be on that table tomorrow?On which table will there be a cup and two books tomorrow? Whe n will there be a cup and two books on that table? There will

45、 be five boys and a girl in my room at 10:00.How many boys and a girl will there be in my room at 10:00?Who and g girl will there be in my room at 10:00?In whose room will there be five boys and a girl at 10:00? When will there be five boys and a girl in my room?（三）实意动词的一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作1、句子结构：主语+ wil

46、l +动词原形+宾语+其它 He will go to B.J there times a week. She will sweep the flow with a broom. The will go to school on foot tomorrow.2、否定句：主语+ will n ot +动词原形+宾语+其它They will not go to school on foot tomorrow.3、 一般问句：Will +主语+动词原形+宾语+其它Will they go to school on foot tomorrow?4、特殊问句：疑问词+ will +主语+动词原形+宾语+

47、其它 He will go to B.J three times a week.What will he do three times a week?How many times a week will he go to B.J?How often will he go to B.J? She will sweep the flow with a broom.Who will sweep the flow with a broom?What will she sweep with a broom?How will she sweep the flow? They will go to scho

48、ol on foot tomorrow.How will they go to school tomorrow?Whe n will they go to school on foot?练习：1、She is in that room now.In which room is she now?Where is she now?2、There are three pens on my desk.How many pens are there on my desk?3、They are going to buy three pen s this after noon.How many pens a

49、re they going to buy this after noon?Which after noon are they going to buy three pens?4、He is making five toys.How many toys is he making?5、He should write a letter to _his mother.What should he to his mother?To whose mother should he write a letter?十、一般过去时（一） be动词一般过去时一、一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态。二、be动词的一般

50、过去时表示过去的状态三、be动词：一般现在时（am、is、are）一般将来时（will be）一般过去时was t主语是单数-wereT主语是复数you（你、你们）永远是were 四、was、were表示过去是过去在某地（at小地方、in大地方）过去在某地呆多长时间(for)“ it”常指时间及天气1、He was an engineer ten years before.2、They were in Beijing this morning.3、You were in my room for ten minutes yesterday.4、It was Mon day yesterday.5

51、、It was cold yesterday.五、否定句：主语 +（was、were） + not +表语+状语You were not in my room for ten minu tes yesterday.It was nM on day yesterday.状语是修饰动词或全句的成份；只有be动词才有表语，实意动词加宾语六、一般问句：（was、were）+主语+表词+状语Were you in my room for ten minu tes yesterday?Was it Mo nday yesterday?七、特殊问句：疑问词 +（was、were） +主语+表语+状语1、He

52、 was an engineer ten years before. What was he ten years before? How many years before was he an engineer?2、哼 were 呻皿呼 morning. Who were in Beijing this morning? Where were they this morning? Which morning were they in Beijing?3、You were in my room for ten minutes yesterday.- For how many minutes we

53、re you in my room yesterday? How long were you in my room yesterday?4、It was Monday yesterday. What day was it yesterday?5、It was cold yesterday.How was the weather yesterday? = what about 怎么样（后边加名词） =How about（后边加形容词）()实意动词一般过去时、实意动词一般过去时表示过去发生的动作，是表示动作的动词。、实意动词过去式的变化1、 一般动词后加ed,work宀worked2、 以e结尾的

54、动词加d, live宀lived3、 以y结尾的动词，y前是元音字母直接加ed, playplayedy前是辅音字母去掉y加ied, studystudied4、 以辅元辅字母结尾的动词，双写最后一个字母再加ed,planplanner, stopstopped5、特殊变化：动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词buyboughtboughtsendsentsentcomecamecomefindfou ndfoundsweepsweptsweptgivegavegive ngetgotgottelltoldtoldswimswamswumhavehadhadcutcutcuttaketooktake nhearheardheardputputputeatateeate nleaveleftleftreadreadreadgowentgoneloselostlostsetsetsetriseroserise nmakemademadeshutshutshutseesawsee nmeetmetmetdodiddones