教案7：风格与翻译

1、Style and Translation风格与翻译 1. What is style?According to A Dictionary of Literary Terms, style is the characteristic manner of expression in prose or verse; how a particular writer says things. The analysis and assessment of style involves examination of a writers choice of words, his figures of spe

2、ech, the devices (rhetorical and otherwise), the shape of sentences (whether they be loose or periodic), the shape of paragraphs-indeed, of every conceivable aspect of his language and the way in which he uses it.-J. A. Cuddon, 1979Style is the essential characteristic of every piece of writing, the

3、 outcome of the writers personality and his emotions at the moment, and no single paragraph can be put together without revealing in some degree the nature of its author.-Theodore Savory, 1957Style is the man himself. - de Buffon“风格即是本人。”布封（法国）The word style has several senses: it refers to a writer

4、s habitual way or peculiar way of using language, or the prevalent features of the language of a certain perod, or the characteristic aspects of the language of a certain type of writing. It may also mean grace or elegance in writing, as in He has no style. 丁往道：英语写作手册According to formality, the styl

5、e can be divided into five types: Frozen Style (庄严的语体)Formal Style (正式的语体)Consultative Style (商议性语体)Casual Style (随意的语体)Intimate Style (亲密的语体)- Martin Joos: The Five Clocks2. 什么是翻译风格？What is translation style?“翻译风格，又称译文风格（有时亦指译者风格），是指译者在翻译实践中所表现出来的艺术特色和创作个性，具体体现为译者选择题材的口味、所遵循的翻译标准、采用的翻译方法以及译文语言的表现手法

6、等特点。”3. 影响翻译风格形成的因素：首先，翻译风格受译者自身风格的影响。译者个人的性格气质、学识休养、工作态度、表现手法、语言特色以及翻译的目的等因素都会对翻译的风格产生影响。其次，翻译风格受翻译客体源语文本的影响。第三，翻译风格受译者所处的特定时代或特定社会文化环境的影响。4. Can style be translated? 思考题：1）风格绝对不可译吗？ 2）风格百分之百可译吗？ 3）如何看待风格不可译问题？比较中肯的说法是，风格在一定程度上是可译的，但要做到完全地、百分之一百的复制原作的风格是不可能完成的任务。4.1 风格是可以传译的。1）正确理解原文，忠实传达风格 例： “If

7、you say so,” Mace said skeptically. “But from where Im sitting, you sound more like a salesman than a scientist.” 译文1：“你可以这么说，”梅斯不信任地说道：“可在我听来，你与其说像个 科学家，不如说像个推销员。”译文2：“这是你说的，” 梅斯的口气充满了怀疑。“不过在我听来，你倒是 像个生意人，不像个搞科学的。”2）力争形神皆似，追求风格对等 例： A thousand moustaches can live together, but not four breasts. 译文1

8、：一千个男人可以住在一起，两个女人却不行。 译文2：千条汉子能共处，两个婆娘难相容。例1：Pays as he speaks, my dear childthrough the nose. （成语pay through the nose是肯出大价钱的意思）译文1：报酬正如他说话，我亲爱的孩子是从鼻子里。译文2：他花钱也跟他说话一样，他是说大话，也是使大钱的。例2：I would add, that to me she seems to throw herself away.译文1：我要加上一句，我觉得她似乎是自暴自弃。译文2：那我就得再添上一句说，我看，她这是把自己这朵鲜花插在牛粪上。4.2

9、风格是不可传译的。例如： 海水朝朝朝朝朝朝朝落, 浮云长长长长长长长消。 （对联）Sea waters tide, day to day tide, everyday tide and everyday ebb.Floating clouds appear, often appear, often appear and often go. - by Eugene Nida 4.3 必须用发展的眼光看待风格不可译问题。 风格不可译问题不是绝对的，有些风格翻译的难题会随着时间的推移而得到解决。例如：人曾是僧，人弗能成佛；女卑为婢，女又可称奴。A Buddhist cannot bud into a

10、 Buddha;A maiden maybe made a house maid.许渊冲译5. 风格翻译的标准关于文体的翻译，王佐良认为：不同的文体要有不同的译法。例如，信息类译意，文艺类译文，通知、广告类译体，等等。关于诗歌翻译的风格问题，王佐良认为，一切照原作，雅俗如之，深浅如之，口气如之，文体如之。所谓意，是指内容、事实、数据等等，需力求准确，表达法要符合当代国际习惯。所谓文，是指作家个人的感情色彩、文学手法、结构形式等等，需力求保持原貌，因此常需直译。所谓体，是指格式、方式、措词等等，需力求符合该体在该语中的惯例，决不能“以我为主”，把商品广告译成火气甚重的政治宣传品等等。但这并不意味着亦步亦趋，否则只会适得其反。 例如： 1) “Site” refers to the land and other places on, under, in or through which the Permanent Works or Temporary Works designed by the engineer are to be executed. 译文一：“现场”指工程师设计的永久性或临时性工程所需的土地及其他场地。 译文二： “现场”指工程师设计的永久工程或临时性工程所需的土地及其他场所