初二英语语法

1、初二英语语法总结（二）should的用法should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not.例如：i think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。 she drives a lot and she seldom walks. so i think she should walk a lot. 她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。 students shouldnt spend too much time playing computer games. 学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。 学习

2、向别人提建议的几种句式： （1）i think you should （2）well, you could （3）maybe you should （4）why dont you? （5）what about doing sth.? （6）youd better do sth. 用should或shouldnt填空 1. i cant sleep the night before exams. you _ take a warm shower before you go to bed. 2. good friends _ argue each other. 3. there is little

3、 milk in the glass. we _ buy some. 4. they didnt invite you? maybe you _ be friendlier. 5. i am a little bit overweight. so i think i _ do exercises every day. 答案：1. should2. shouldnt3. should4. should5. should初二英语语法总结（三）过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。 1. 构成 was /were + doing，例如： i was

4、 watching tv at 9 oclock last night. at 9 oclock last night是时间点 they were playing football all afternoon. all afternoon是时间段 2. 过去进行时的标志词 at 8 oclock last night, this time yesterday等。例如： i was having lunch at home this time yesterday. 昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。 at that time she was writing a book. 那阵子她在写一本书。（表示她

5、在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。）用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. this time yesterday i _ _（read）books. 2. at 9 oclock last sunday they _ _（have）a party. 3. when i _（come）into the classroom, she _ _（read）a storybook. 4. she _ _（play）computer games while her mother _ _（cook）yesterday afternoon. 5. i _ _（have）a shower when you _（c

6、all）me yesterday. 答案：1. was reading2. were having3. came; was reading 4. was playing; was cooking5. was having; called英语语法-知识总结-初二英语知识点总结发布日期：2010-6-12作者：本站1单元 snake robot 蛇形机器人space station 太空站 seem possible 看起来可能be able to (do) = can 能够 the world cup 世界杯 2单元 look for 寻找 keep out 不让进入in the future

7、在未来，在将来 pay for 付款come true (梦想)成为现实 teen talk 青少年论坛go skating 去滑冰 in style 时髦的，流行的fall in love with 爱上 out of style 过时的hundreds of 好几百，许许多多 all kinds of 各种，多种be free 免费 on the one hand (在)一方面in 100 years (用于将来时) 一百年后 on the other hand (在)另一方面be in high school 上中学 asas possible 尽可能地live alone 独自居住 =

8、asas sb can go swimming 去游泳 get on with 与相处，进展see sb do sth 看见某人做 have a hair cut 理发over and over again 一次又一次 part-time job 兼职工作get bored 厌烦 call sb up=ring sb up 打电话给space rocket 太空火箭 on the phone 在通话electric toothbrush 电动牙刷 whats the matter (with)? 怎么了？computer programmer 电脑程序员 whats wrong (with)?

9、 怎么了？live to be 200 years old 活到200岁 the same as 与同样的（书上重要表达） complain about 抱怨will be 将成为 argue with 与争论study on computer 在电脑上学习 surprise sb 使惊奇as a reporter 作为一名记者 borrow from 向借keep a pet 养一只宠物 lend to 把借给during the week 在一周期间 find out 发现，找出wear a suit (uniform) 穿西装（制服） except me 除了我at the weeken

10、d 在周末 do wrong 做错事on vacation 在假期 under too much pressure 承受太多压力predict the future 预测未来 take part in 参加the head of a company 公司负责人 compare with 把和比较need to do sth 需要做某事 （书上重要表达） job interview 求职面视 enough money 足够的钱science fiction movie 科幻电影 write sb a letter 给某人写信just like 就像 a ball game 一场球赛help wi

11、th +名词 帮助做某事 talk about 谈论话题make sb do sth 使某人做 say sorry to 向说对不起its easy for sb to do sth 做某事很简单 have a bake sale 卖烤点wake up 醒来 buy.for. 为买get a tutor 请家教 get out of the shower 洗完澡be popular at school 在学校受欢迎 sleep late 睡懒觉everyone else 其他每个人 buy a souvenir 买纪念品invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 go into=e

12、nter 进入fail the test 考试不及格 call the police 报警return= give back 归还 at around ten oclock 在十点左右have a fight with 同大吵、打架 shop assistant 售货员give some advice 提建议 the museum of flight 飞行博物馆busy enough 足够忙 take a photo 照相notuntil 直到才 walk around 四处走走nothing new 没什么新鲜的 police officer 警官seem to do sth 好象要做某事

13、a car accident 车祸push a lot more 逼得更紧 event in history 历史事件a mother of three 三个孩子的妈妈 in modern history 在现代史上know about 知道，了解 everyday activity 日常活动find it+形容词 to do sth 发现做某事很 at that time=then 在那时think for oneself 为自己考虑 ask sb to do sth 叫做某事plan the life 计划生活 in silence=silently 沉默地learn to do sth=

14、study to do 学习做某事 be born 出生a bit=a little 一点 have meaning to sb 对有意义organized activity 有组织的活动 national hero 民族英雄by oneself 靠某人自己 after-school club 课外俱乐部 4单元 get over 克服、恢复3单元 sea level 海平面come in 进来 chinese young pioneer 中国少年先锋队world trade center (wtc) 世界贸易中心 do well in=be good at 在方面擅长asas 和一样 pas

15、s on 传递take place=happen 发生 first of all 首先hear about 听说 report card 成绩单take off 起飞；脱下 in good health 身体健康get out 出去，离开 open up 打开barber shop 理发店 be supposed to 被期待，被要求run away 逃跑，跑掉 care for 照料，照顾in front of 在前面 senior high school 高中in the front of 在前部 the ministry of education 教育部walk down the str

16、eet 沿着街走 be mad at=be angry at 对很生气an unusual experience 一次不寻常经历 notanymore 不再beijing international airport 北京国际机场 end-of-year exam 期末考试in space 在太空中 have a favor 帮忙all over the world 全世界 get nervous 变得紧张train station 火车站 disappointing result 令人失望的结果（书上重要表达） copy ones homework 抄袭作业（书上重要表达） play part

17、y games 玩聚会游戏have a surprise party 举行惊喜派对 study for the test 为考试复习drinks and snacks 饮料和零食 ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事the next day 第二天 id card 身份证how is it going? 一切还好吗？ travel around the world 环球旅游have a hard time with 对感到头痛 get an education 受教育have a big fight 大吵一架 might seem like 似乎好象forget to do sth

18、忘记做(没做) a dream job 理想的工作its right for sb to do sth 做是正确的 all over the world 全世界start a bad habit 养成坏习惯 make life difficult 使生活变得困难poor mountain village 贫困山区 get injured 受伤change ones life 改变的生活 have a difficult time doing sth 做某事很难the peking university 北京大学 real friend 真朋友rural area 农村地区 in fact 事实

19、上make sb feel sick 使某人不舒服 class party 班会agree with 同意 laugh at sb 嘲笑某人need to do sth 需要做某事 dye the hair 染发three times a day 一日三次 past tense 过去时school dormitory 学校校舍 watch out 留神、小心outside world 外界 finish doing sth 完成做某事 6单元 volunteer teacher 志愿者老师 by the way 顺便说一句mother earth 地球母亲 far (away) from 距离

20、很遥远be in danger 在危险之中 run out of 用完，用尽 more than=over 比多；多于5单元和1-5单元复习 be interested in 对感兴趣take away 拿走 the olympic games 奥运会make a living 谋生 hilltop school 山顶学校around the world 全世界 raise money for charity 为慈善筹钱all the time=always 总是，一直 a pair of skates 一双溜冰鞋mobile phone 移动电话，手机 go native 入乡随俗in or

21、der to 为了 do (try) ones best 尽某人最大努力let in 允许进入 go together 相配；调和remind of 使人想起 let sb know 让某人知道be hurt badly 严重受伤 inline skating 纵列式溜冰make money 挣钱 probably=maybe=perhaps 也许look up to 尊敬 have sth done(过去分词) (请别人)做某事charity event 慈善事件 polar bear 北极熊professional athlete 职业运动员 three and a half years

22、三年半（书上重要表达） wear jeans 穿牛仔裤 （书上重要表达） take a bus to 坐公车去 collect the stamps 集邮help sb do sth 帮助某人做 skating marathon 滑冰马拉松several=a few 几个 pay a big fine 赔款be the first one to do sth 第一个做某事 throw away 扔掉snow globe 雪球 argue about 为而争论anyone else 其他任何人 sell out 卖完start a club 建立一个俱乐部 five times the pric

23、e 价格的5倍多tell sb about 告诉某人关于某事 （书上重要表达） fly a kite 放风筝 do the dishes 洗碗music video 音乐录影带 look terrible 看起来很糟糕talent show 天才表演 move the car 挪挪汽车heilongjiang province 黑龙江省 helpwith(名词) 帮助某人做某事colorful history 多彩的历史 finish the task 完成任务european influence 欧洲风格的影响 clothing store 服装店in russian style 俄罗斯风格

24、 order a hamburger 预订个汉堡包song emperor 宋朝皇帝 shop assistant 售货员western history 西方历史 follow sb around=go after sb 跟着某人转the more, the more 越，就越 english-speaking country 说英语的国家learn about 学习 social behavior 社交行为have problem with 在上有问题 be useful to do sth 做某事很有用 be close to 靠近7单元 in all situations 在各种场合下n

25、o problem 没问题 feel uncomfortable 感到不舒服wait in line 排队等候 even if 即使，就算keepdown 压低声音，使缓和 be with sb 和在一起pick up 捡起 its better to do sth 最好做某事break the rule 违反规则 public place 公共场合take care=be careful 当心，小心 in public 在公共场所里put out the cigarette 熄灭香烟 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做at first (反) at last, finally

26、首先(反)最终 see sb do(doing) sth 看见某人做cut in line 插队 give sb a suggestion 给某人提建议turn down (up) 关小(开大) take the suggestion 接受建议not at all 根本不；一点也不 drop litter 扔垃圾would you mind (not) doing sth 你介意(不)吗？ could you please (not) do sth 请(不要)好吗 8单元 turn on/off 开（关） fall asleep 入睡，睡着right away =in a minute 立刻

27、give away 赠送，分发 =at once make friends with sb 与交朋友at a meeting 在开会 hear of 听说hair stylist 发型师，美容师 the olympics 奥运会get annoyed 变得气恼 the olympic committee 奥委会get married 结婚 take an interest in 对感兴趣get mad 变得激动 photo album 相册get angry 变得生气 rather than 胜于;(与其)，不如happen to sb 某人发生某事 make progress 取得进步the

28、se days=now 现在，目前 gone to 已去某地(途中)tooto 太以致于不能 get some exercise 锻炼give up doing sth 放弃做某事 it takes forty minutes 花了40分钟giveto 给某人 neither have i=me neither 我也没有(去)stage manner 舞台台风 get to=reach=arrive in(at) 到达native speaker 说本族语的人 take a lesson=have a lesson 上课learn by heart 用心记住 （书上重要表达） look up

29、(在书中)查询 water park 水上乐园for a while 暂时，一会儿 space museum 太空博物馆an 80-year-old grandmother 一位80岁的外婆 take the subway 坐地铁china radio international 中国国际广播电台 mickey mouse 米老鼠（书上重要表达） donald duck 唐老鸭get sb sth=buy sth for sb 给某人买 disney character 迪士尼卡通人物how about=what about 怎么样？ theme park 主题公园why dony you d

30、o sth? 为什么不做呢 be themed with 被冠以主题why not do sth? （同上） walk around 四处走走special enough 足够特别 disney cruise 迪士尼巡游pot-bellied pig named connie 取名叫科尼尔的猪 take a ride 搭乘eat a lot 吃得多 just like 就像，正如keep a pet 养宠物 take different route 走不同线路pay for=spend for 为付钱 exchange student 交换生learn to do sth=study to d

31、o 学习做某事 flight attendant 空中乘务员improve english 提高英语 language school 语言学校enter a contest 参加比赛 such as=for example 例如as well as 和一样好 listening skill 听力技巧age group 年龄组 southeast asia 东南亚win the prize 赢得奖金 take a holiday 度假encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 have problem doing sth 做某事有困难have fun with 做很有乐趣 fo

32、reign country 外国find out 找出，发现 during the daytime 在白天find a way to do sth 找到做某事的方法 wake up 醒来，唤醒某人 be awake 醒着的9单元 natural environment 自然环境end up 结束 its best to do sth 做好做某事on board 在船上 10单元 have a great time 玩得愉快 look through 浏览amusement park 娱乐园 come along=appear 出现，发生tour guide 导游 get along=get o

33、n with 相处three quarters 四分之三 at least (反) at most 至少(反)最多night safari 夜间野生动物园 have a small talk=chat 闲聊all year around 全年，一年到头 opening question 开场白问题roller coaster 过山车 thank-you note 感谢信(ever) been to 曾经去过某地 cross the busy street 穿越繁忙的大街have a wonderful time 过得愉快 show sb around 带某人参观某地be friendly to

34、 sb 对某人友好 show the way 指路be happy to do sth 很高兴做某事 have a hard time doing 做某事很困难invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 make it easy to do sth 使做某事容易have a family dinner 家庭聚餐 go with sb 同某人一起去look both side 看两边 win the game 赢得比赛（书上重要表达） dining room 食堂、饭厅franklin lake 弗兰克林湖 holiday job 假期短工by noon 到中午之前 review=g

35、o over 复习i hope so 但愿如此 opposite word 反义词wait to do sth 等着做某事 decide to do sth 决定做某事baby sister=younger sister 妹妹 meet friends 会见朋友feel like doing=want to do sth 想做某事 初二英语语法总结1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： when did you leave shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如： next friday, alic

36、e is leaving for london. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如： why are you leaving shanghai for beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如： how should i know? 我怎么知道？ why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？ should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如： we should

37、help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点： 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： you should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： you should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： we should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 she

38、should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) what.? 与 which.? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如： what is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？ 该句相当于： what does your father do? what is your fathers job? which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如： -which is peter? 哪个是皮特？ -the boy behind mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。 2. what.?是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限

39、制；而 which.?是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。如： what color do you like best? （所有颜色） 你最喜爱什么颜色？ which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? （有特定的范围） 你最喜爱哪一种颜色？ 3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如： which pictures are from china? 哪些图片来自中国？ 4) 频度副词的位置 1.常见的频度副词有以下这些： always（总是，一直） usually（通常） often（常常，经常） sometim

40、es（有时候） never（从不） 2.频度副词的位置： a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如： david is often arrives late for school. 大卫上学经常迟到。 b.放在行为动词前。如： we usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天经常在7：10去上学。 c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。如： sometimes i walk home, sometime i rides a bike. 有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。 3.never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。如： never h

41、ave i been there. 5) every day 与 everyday 1. every day 作状语，译为“每一天”。如： we go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7：10去上学。 i decide to read english every day. 我决定每天读英语。 2. everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。 she watches everyday english on tv after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。 whats your everyday activity? 你的日常活动是什么？ 6) 什么是

42、助动词 1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（auxiliary verb）。被协助的动词称作主要动词（main verb）。 助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用，例如： he doesnt like english. 他不喜欢英语。 （doesnt是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义） 2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来： a. 表示时态，例如： he is singing. 他在唱歌。 he has got married. 他已结婚。 b. 表示语态，例如： he was sent to england. 他被派往英国。 c. 构成疑问句，例如： do you l

43、ike college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗？ did you study english before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗？ d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如： i dont like him. 我不喜欢他。 e. 加强语气，例如： do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。 he did know that. 他的确知道那件事。 3.最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 7) forget doing/to do与re

44、member doing/to do 1.forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做) forget doing 忘记做过某事。 (已做) the light in the office is still on. he forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作) he forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作) dont forget to come tomorrow. 别忘了明天来。 (to come动作未做) 典型例题 - the light in the off

45、ice is still on. - oh，i forgot_. a. turning it off b. turn it off c. to turn it off d. having turned it off 答案：c。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。 2.remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做) remember doing 记得做过某事 (已做) remember to go to the po

46、st office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。 dont you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗? 8) its for sb.和 its of sb. 1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等： its very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。 2.of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词

47、，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。 its very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。 3.for 与of 的辨别方法： 用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如： you are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。 he is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。) 9) 对两个句子的提问 新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势，现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如： 句子：the boy in blu

48、e has three pens. 提问：1.who has three pens? 2.which boy has three pens? 3.what does the boy in blue have? 4.how many pens does the boy in blue have? 很显然，学生多了更多的回答角度，也体现了考试的灵活性。再如： 句子：he usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on sunday. 提问：1.who usually goes to the park with his friends at

49、8:00 on sunday? 2.where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on sunday? 3.what does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on sunday? 4.with whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on sunday? 5.what time does he usually go to the park with his friends on sunday? 6.when does he usually go

50、to the park with his friends? 10) so、such与不定冠词的使用 1.so与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如： he is so funny a boy. jim has so big a house. 2.such与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如： it is such a nice day. that was such an interesting story. 11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况 1.在进行时态中。如： he is watching tv in the room. th

51、ey were dancing at nine oclock last night. 2.在there be结构中。如： there is a boy swimming in the river. 3.在have fun/problems结构中。如： we have fun learning english this term. they had problems getting to the top of the mountain. 4.在介词后面。如： thanks for helping me. are you good at playing basketball.1. what is

52、that? it is _ (a, an, the) english book. 2. she is my friend. _ (his, he, her) name is lucy. 3. are _ (this, these, that) your rulers? yes, they are. 4. where _ (is, are, am) jim and bob? 5. what _ (are, am, is) five and six? 6. that is a bird, i dont know _ name. a. his b. her c. its d. its 7. _ 8

53、and 8? a. whats b. whos c. whats d. thats 8. are you _? yes, i am. a. he friend b. his friend c. hes friend d. his friends 9. are these pears? _ a. yes, these are b. no, they are. c. yes, they arent d. no, they arent. 10. a. twelve b. eleven c. excuse d. eraser 11. a. buses b. names c. oranges d. bo

54、xes 12. a. down b. row c. know d. boat 13. a. today b. they c. way d. boy 14. a. bedroom b. pencil c. behind d. spell 15. a. boys b. eyes c. apples d. coats 16. this is a picture _ a jeep. a. at b. of c. on d. in 17. the woman _ the red coat is our teacher.（填介词） 18. is it a book? a. yes, it is b. yes, its 19. 不含有音素e的字母 a. f b. n c. y d. x 20. 不含有e的字母 a. g b. j c. z d. m 21. 不含有ju: 的字母 a. w b.