会计学-企业决策的基础答案

1、管理会计作业(chapter16-20 ) Chapter 16 P757 a.Direct materials purchased $410,000 (2)Direct materials used: Materials inven tory, beg inning of year $ 22,00 0 Add: Purchases of direct materials 410,000 Cost of direct materials available for use $432,000 Less: Materials inven tory, end of year 26,000 Cost

2、of direct materials used $406,000 (3)Payme nts of direct labor payrolls $189,000 (4)Direct labor cost assig ned to producti on $192,000 (5)Total man ufacturi ng costs: Direct materials used parta (2) $406,000 Direct labor cost 192,000 Man ufacturi ng overhead 393,600 Total man ufacturi ng costs $991

3、,600 (6)Cost of fini shed goods man ufactured: Work in process inven tory, begi nning of year $5,00 0 Add: Total manufacturing costs parta (5) 991,600 Cost of all goods in process duri ng the year $996,600 Less: Work in process inven tory, end of year 9,000 Cost of fini shed goods man ufactured $987

4、,600 (7)Cost of goods sold: Beginning inven tory of fini shed goods $38,00 0 Add: Cost of finished goods manufactured parta (6) 987,600 Cost of goods available for sale $ 1,025,600 Less: Ending inven tory of fini shed goods 25,000 Cost of goods sold $ 1,000,600 (8)Total inven tory: Materials inven t

5、ory $ 26,00 0 Work in process inven tory 9,000 Fini shed goods inven tory 25,000 Total inven tory $ 60,00 0 b.HILLSDALE MANUFACTURING CORP. Schedule of the Cost of Fini shed Goods Man ufactured For the Year En ded December 31,20_ Work in process inven tory, beg inning of year $5,000 Add: Man ufactur

6、i ng costs assig ned to producti on: Direct materials used part a $406,000 Direct labor 192,000 Man ufactur ing overhead 393,600 Total man ufactur ing costs 991,600 Cost of all goods in process duri ng the year $996,600 Less: Work in process, end of year 9,000 Cost of fini shed goods man ufactured $

7、987,600 Chapter 16 P761 a Purchases of direct materials $360,000 bCost of direct materials used: Materials inven tory, beg inning of year $ 18,000 Add: Purchases of direct materials 360,000 Cost of materials available for use $378,000 Less: Materials inven tory, end of year 14,000 Cost of direct mat

8、erials used $364,000 cDirect labor payrolls paid dur ing the year $ 225,000 dDirect labor costs assig ned to producti on $230,000 eOverhead costs duri ng the year $400,000 Un its in the activity base (direct labor costs) 230,000 Overhead stated as a perce ntage of direct labor costs ($400,000 - $230

9、,000) 174% 1 fDirect materials used (partb) $364,000 Direct labor costs assig ned to producti on 230,000 Man ufacturi ng overhead applied to producti on 400,000 Total man ufactur ing costs charged to work in process $994,000 Costs of fini shed goods man ufactured: Work in process inven tory, beg inn

10、ing of year $ 20,000 Add: Total man ufacturi ng costs (part f) 994,000 Cost of all goods in process duri ng the year $ 1,014,000 Less: Cost of work in process inven tory, end of year 25,000 Cost of fini shed goods man ufactured $989,000 hCost of goods sold: Begi nning inven tory of fini shed goods $

11、98,000 Add: Cost of fini shed goods man ufactured (part g) 989,000 Cost of goods available for sale $ 1,087,000 Less: Ending inven tory of fini shed goods 110,000 Cost of goods sold $977,000 iTotal inven tory at year-e nd: Materials inven tory $14,000 Work in process inven tory 25,000 Fini shed good

12、s inven tory 110,000 $149,00 Total inven tor y 0 Chapter 17 P802 a.Department One overhead applicationrate based on machi ne-hours: Manu facturi ng Overhead Machi ne-Hours =$420,000 12,000 =$35 per machi ne-hour Departme nt Two overhead applicati on rate based on direct labor hours: Manu facturi ng

13、Overhead=$337,500=$ per direct labor hour Direct Labor Hours15,000 b.Job no. 58: Dept. One Dept. Two Total Direct materials $ 1 0,100 $ 7,600 $17,700 Direct labor 16,500 11,100 27,600 Man ufactu ring overhead: 750 machine- hours x $35 per hour 26,250 26,250 740 direct labor hoursx $ per hour 16,650

14、16,650 Total cost of job no. 58 $ 88,200 c. Gen eral Jour nal Cost of Goods Sold 88,200 Fi nish ed Goods Invent ory 88,200 To record cost of goods sold (job no. 58) to City Fur niture Accou nts Receivable (City Fur niture) 147,000 Sales 147,000 To record reve nue from sale to City Fur ni ture. d. De

15、pt. One Dept. Two Actual man ufactu ring overhead for Jan uary $39, 010 $ 26,540 Man ufacturi ng overhead applied to jobs: 1,100 machine- hours x $35 per hour 38,500 1,200 direct labor hours x $ p er hour 27,000 Un derapplied man ufactur ing overhead Dept. One $ 510 Overapplied man ufacturi ng overh

16、ead Dept. Two $ 460 Chapter 17 P805 a. Budgeted man ufacturi ng overhead $24,600 Budgeted direct labor hours (DLH) -2,500 Manufacturing overhead application rate $ per DLH Man ufacturi ng overhead allocated using DLH Basic Chunks Custom Cuts 50,000 bags x DLH per bag x $ per DLH $4,920 20,000 cases

17、x DLH per case x $ per DLH $19,680 b. Perce nt of cost driver assig ned to each product line Basic Chunks Custom Cuts Kilowatt hours: Basic Chu nks (90,000 KWH - 100,000 KWH) 90% Custom Cuts (10,000 KWH - 100,000 KWH) 10% Mach ine hours: Basic Chu nks (160 MH 200 NH) 80% Custom Cuts (40 MH - 200 MH)

18、 20% Square feet occupied: Basic Chu nks (60,000 Sq. Ft. 80,000 Sq. Ft.) 75% Custom Cuts (20,000 Sq. Ft. - 80,000 Sq. Ft.) 25% Direct labor hours: Basic Chu nks (500 DLH 2,500 DLH) 20% Custom Cuts (2,000 DLH - 2,500 DLH) 80% Man ufacturi ng overhead allocated using ABC Basic Chunks Custom Cuts Utili

19、ties cost pool (us ing KWH as a cost driver): Basic Chu nks (90% x $8,000) $7,200 Custom Cuts (10% x $8,000) $ 800 Maintenance cost pool (using MHas a cost driver): Basic Chu nks (80% x $1,000) $ 800 Custom Cuts (20% x $1,000) $ 200 Depreciati on cost pool (us ing Sq. Ft. as a cost driver): Basic Ch

20、u nks (75% x $15,000) $11,250 Custom Cuts (25% x $15,000) $3,750 Miscella neous cost pool (us ing DLH as a cost driver): Basic Chu nks (20% x $600) $ 120 Custom Cuts (80% x $600) $480 Total overhead allocated to each product line using ABC $19,370 $5,230 c. Total man ufacturi ng costs allocated to e

21、ach product line Basic Chunks Custom Cuts Direct Labor: Basic Chu nks (50,000 bags x $12 per DLH x DLH) $ 6,000 Custom Cuts (20,000 cases x $12 per DLH x DLH) $24,000 Direct Materials: Basic Chu nks (50,000 bags x $2 per bag) $ 100,000 Custom Cuts (20,000 cases x $4 per case) $ 80,000 Man ufactur in

22、g Overhead (allocate using ABC): Basic Chu nks (from partb) $19,370 Custom Cuts (from partb) $5,230 Total cost allocated using ABC $125,370 $109,230 d. The Custom Cuts product line is very labor intensive in comparison to the Basic Chunks product line. Thus, the company s current practice of using d

23、irect labor hours to allocate overhead results in the assig nment of a disproporti on ateamount of total overhead to the Custom Cuts product line. If pricing decisionsare set as a fixed perce ntage above the manu facturi ng costs assig ned to each product, the Custom Cuts product line is overpriced

24、in the marketplace whereas the Basic Chunks product line is curre ntly priced at an artificially low price in the marketplace. This probably expla ins why sales of Basic Chunks remai n strong while sales of Custom Cuts are on the decline. e. The ben efitsthe compa ny would achieve by impleme nting a

25、n activity-based costi ng system include:(1) a better identification of its operating inefficiencies,(2) a better understanding of its overhead cost structure, (3) a better understanding of the resource requireme nts of each product line, (4) the pote ntial to in crease the selling price of Basic Ch

26、unks to makeit more comparable to competitive brands and possibly do so without having to sacrifice significantmarket share, and (5) the ability to decrease the selling price of Custom Cuts without having to sacrifice product quality. Chapter 18 P835 B. Ex. a job costi ng (each project of a con stru

27、ct ioncompa ny is unique) b both job and process costi ng (in stituti onal clie nts may represe nt unique jobs) c job cost ing (each set of equipme nt is uniq uely desig ned and manu factured) d process costing (the dog houses are uniformly manufactured in high volumes) e process costi ng (the vitam

28、 ins and suppleme nts are uni formly manu factured in high volumes) Chapter 18 P841 Part I. Physical Flow Total Units In puts: ?Begi nning WIP -0- ?Started 4,000 Dishwashers to acco unt for 4,000 Outputs: ?U nits completed 4,000 ?E ndi ng WIP -0- Dishwashers acco un ted for 4,000 Part II. Equivale n

29、t Units Direct Con vers ion Materials Costs Based on mon thly in put: ?Begi nning WIP -0- -0- ?Units started 4,000 4,000 Equivale nt un its of in put 4,000 4,000 Based on mon thly output: ?U nits completed 4,000 4,000 ?E ndi ng WIP -0- ? -0- Equivale nt un its of output 4,000 4,000 Part III. Cost Pe

30、r Equivale nt Total Un it Direct Con vers ion Unit Cost Materials Costs Costs from Tub Departme nt $150,000 $30,000 Costs from Motor ?96,000 24,000 Departme nt TOTAL $246,000 $54,000 Divideby equivale nt ?- 4,000 ?- 4,000 units Costsperequivale nt $ $ $ unit Part IV. Total Cost Assig nment Total Cos

31、ts Direct Con vers ion Materials Costs Costs to acco unt for: ?Cost of begi nning WIP $ -0- ?Cost added during the 300,000 period Total cost to acco unt for $300,000 Costs acco un ted for: ?Cost of goods tran sferred Begi nning WIP last period $ -0- ? $ -0- $ ?-0-? Begi nning WIP this period -0- -0-

32、 -0-? Started and completed 300,000 246,000 a 54,000 b Total cost tra nsferred $300,000 $246,000 $54,000 ?Add en di ng WIP ?-0- -0- -0- Total cost acco un ted for $300,000 $246,000 $54,000 a4,000 EU $ = $246,000 b4,000 EU $ = $54,000 Chapter 18 P845 a. (1)$49 ($192,000 + $48,000 + $54,000)- 6,000 un

33、 its (2) $109 ($480,000 + $108,000+ $66,000)- ?6,000 units (3) $158 ($49 + $109) (4) $32 ($192,000- 6,000 un its) (5) $18 ($108,000- 6,000 un its) b. In evaluating the overall efficiency of the Engine Department, management would look at the mon thly per- unit costin curred by that departme nt, whic

34、h is the cost of assembli ng and in stalli ng an engine ($109 in parta). Chapter 20 P918 Required a con tributi on margin per unit Budgeted operat ing In come $ 260,000 Fixed costs 540,000 Total required con tributi on margin $ 800,000 Number of un its to be produced and sold 50,000 Required con tri

35、buti on marg in per un it ($800,000 - $ 16 $50,000 un its) Required sales price per un it: Required con tributi on marg in per un it $ 16 Variable costs and expe nses per un it 84 Total required unit sales price $ 100 Fixed Costs b Break-Even Sales Volume (in units)=Contribution Margin per Unit $540

36、,000 =$16 33,750 =units c Margin of safety at 50,000 un its: Sales volume at 50,000 units ($100 x 50,000 un its) $ 5,000,000 Less: Break-eve n sales volume ($100 x $33,750 un its) 3,375,000 Margin of safety $ 1,625,000 Operati ng In come at 50,000 un its: Margin of safety $ 1,625,000 Co ntributi on

37、margin rati on ($100 -$84) $100 .16 Operat ing In come ($1,625,000 x .16) $ 260,000 d. No. With a unit sales price of $94, the break-even sales volume in units is 54,000 un its: $540,000 $10 Unit con tributio n margin = $94 - $84 variable costs = $10 Break-eve n sales volume (in un its) = 54,000 un

38、its Uni ess Thermal Tent has the ability to manufacture 54,000 un its (or lower fixed and/or variable costs), setting the unit sales price at $94 will not enable Thermal Tent to break eve n. Chapter 20 P918 a Sales price per un it: Budgeted cots $ 2,250,000 Add: Budgeted operati ng in come 900,000 B

39、udgeted sales reve nue $ 3,150,000 Sales price per un it ($3,150,000 30,000 un its) $105 b (1)Total fixed costs: Manufacturing overhead ($720,000 x 75%) $540,000 Selli ng and admi nstrative expe nses ($600,000 x 80%) 480,000 Total fixed costs $ 1,020,000 (2)Variable costs and expe nses per un it: Di

40、rect materials $ 21 Direct labor 10 Man ufacturi ng overhead ($24x 25%) 6 Selli ng and admi nistrative expe nse ($20 x 20%) 4 Total variable costs per un it $41 (3)Un it con tributi on margin: Sales price per unit $ 121 Less: Variable costs per unit from(2) 41 Un it con tributi on margin $ 80 (4)Number of un