【英语】高二英语阅读理解专项训练100(附答案)

1、【英语】高二英语阅读理解专项训练 100(附答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解science is finally beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered second- class citizens.as annie potts of canterbury university has noted, chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even after m

2、onths of separation. when given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly later (and better) one. healthy hens may aid friends, and mourn when those friend die.pigs respond meaningful to human symbols. whe

3、n a research team led by candace croney at penn state university carried wooden blocks marked with x and o symbols around pigs, only the o carriers offered food to the animals. the pigs soon ignored the x carriers in favor of the os. then the team switched from real-life objects to t-shirts printed

4、with x or o symbols. still, the pigs walked only toward the o-shirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a two- dimensional format, a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning.ive been guilty of prejudiced expectations, myself. at the start of my career almost four decades ago, i was firmly

5、convinced that monkeys and apes out-think and out-feel other animals. theyre other primates( 灵长目动物), after all, animals from our own mammalian( 灵长目动物) class. fairly soon, i came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning, and elephants express pr

6、ofound joy and mourning with their social companions. long-term studies in the wild on these mammals helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedure in laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphin

7、s kept in small tanks at theme parks.over time, though, as i began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish, chickens, pigs, goats, and cows, 1 started to wonder: will the new science of food animals bring an ethical ( 伦理的) revolution in terms of who we eat? in other words, wi

8、ll our ethics start to catch up with the development of our science?animal activists are already there, of course, committed to not eating these animals. but what about the rest of us? can paying attention to the thinking and feeling of these animals lead us to make changes in who we eat?（1）accordin

9、g to annie potts, hens have the ability of .a. interaction b. analysis c. creation d. abstraction（2）the research into pigs shows that pigs .a. learn letters quickly b. have a good eyesightc. can build up a good relationship d. can apply knowledge to new situations（3）paragraph 4 is mainly about .a. t

10、he similarities between mammals and humans b. the necessity of long-term studies on mammalsc. a change in peoples attitudes towards animals d. a discovery of how animals expressthemselves（4）what might be the best title for the passage?a. the inner lives of food animals b. the lifestyles of food anim

11、alsc. science reports on food animals d. a revolution in food animals【答案】（1）b（2） d（3） c（4） a【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了动物也有情感有思想，有一定的分析推理能 力。人类不应只将它们当作食物。(1) 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“when given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons choose some times to give up an immediate food reward

12、 for a slightly later (and better) one”可知，当解决问题时，母鸡们会推理：例如，受过挑选彩色纽扣的训 练的母鸡们有时会选择放弃即时的食物奖励，换取稍晚一些 ( 而且更好 ) 的食物奖励。由此 可知，母鸡们具备分析能力。故选 b。(2) 考查推理判断。根据第三段中的 “pigs respond meaningful to human symbols. when a research team led by candace croney at penn state university carried wooden blocks marked with x a

13、nd o symbols around pigs, only the o carriers offered food to the animals. the pigs soon ignored the x carriers in favor of the os. then the team switched from real-life objects to t-shirts printed with x or o symbols. still, the pigs walked only toward the o-shirted people: they had transferred the

14、ir knowledge to a two-dimensional format, a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning.” 可知，一些研究者拿着带 x 标记的木板，一些研究者拿着带 o 标记的木板，只有拿带 o 标 记木板的研究者给猪提供食物，猪很快就只理会这些研究者了。当木板换成带 x 和 o 标记 的衬衫时，猪仍然只走向那些穿带 o 标记衬衫的研究者。这表明猪将把知识转移到了二维 的形式，这是一种相当大的推理壮举。故选 d。(3) 考查段落大意。根据第四段中的“at the start of my career almost four decade

15、s ago, i was firmly convinced that monkeys and apes out-think and out-feel other animals.fairly soon, i came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning, and elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social companions. long-term studi

16、eshelped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedure kin laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks.”可知，数十年前，作者坚信猴子和猩 猩在思考能力和情感上都胜过其他的动物。很快，作者就意识到除了猴子和猩猩，鲸鱼也 是文化

17、学习的主人，大象也表现出高兴等情感。长期的研究也促进着我们社会观点的转 变：我们不再认为猴子只能是实验室里的实验对象，大象只能在马戏团里进行表演，海豚 只能被养在主题公园狭小的池子里。很明显，本段介绍的是人们对动物看法的转变。故选 c。(4) 考查主旨大意。第一段提出：科学开始拥抱原来被我们认为是二等公民的动物们（即： 我们对某些动物的看法正在发生变化）。第二和第三段以母鸡和猪为例告诉读者：通过科 学研究，母鸡和猪也具备情感，也具备分析推理能力。第四段介绍了人们对动物看法的转变。第五和第六段呼吁读者：动物有自己的情感和思想，我们不要只将动物当成我们的食 物。结合每段大意可知，该文主要是围绕动物

18、也有情感有思想来展开的。故选 a。 【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断。段落大意和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅 读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答 案。2阅读理解a study showed that the experiences children have in their first few years are important. these experiences affect the development of the brain. when children receive more attention, they often ha

19、ve higher iqs. babies receive information when they see, hear and feel things, which makes connections between different parts of the brain. there are a hundred trillion( 万 亿)connections in the brain of a three-year-old child.researcher judit gervain tested how good newborns are at distinguishing di

20、fferent sound patterns. her researchers produced images of the brains of babies as they heard different sound patterns. for example, one order was mu-ba-ba. this is the patterna-b-b. another order was mu-ba-ge. this is the pattern “a -b-c”. the images showed that the part of the brain responsible fo

21、r speech was more active during the a-b-b pattern. this shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. they also were sensitive to where it occurred in the order.gervain is excited by these findings because the order of sounds is the building block of words and grammar. positi

22、on is key to language, she says. if something is at the beginning or at the end, it makes a big difference: john caught the bear. is very different from the bear caught john.”researchers led by scientist patricia kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions, audio books, the internet, or s

23、martphones no matter how educational doesnt appear to be enough for childrens brain development. they carried out a study of nine-month-old american babies. they expected the first group whod watched videos in chinese to show the same kind of learning as the second group who were brought face-to-fac

24、e with the same sounds. instead they found a huge difference. the babies in the second group were able to distinguish between similar chinese sounds as well as native listeners. but the other babies regardless of whether they had watched the video or listened to the audiolearned nothing.（1）what make

25、s connections in a babys brain?a. having a higher iq. b. experiencing new information.c. the baby early age. d. the connection with other babies.（2）what did judit gervain and her team find in the experiment?a. babies identify different sound patterns.b. word order is relevant to meaning.c. babies ca

26、n well understand different words.d. a certain brain region processes language.（3）what does the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 3?a. grammar is important in learning languages.b. different orders have different meanings.c. different languages have different grammar.d. words have different soun

27、ds.（4）what is the main conclusion from the study led by patricia kuhl?a. babies shouldnt watch a lot of television.b. listening to different languages develops babies brain.c. foreign languages help babies brain develop.d. social communication improves babies brain development.【答案】 （1）b（2） a（3） b（4）

28、 d【解析】 【分析】本文属于科普文章，介绍小孩最初几年的经历对大脑发育很重要，而媒 介输入对孩子大脑发育效果不明显，最有效的是面对面语言输入。（1） 细节理解题。根据第一段 babies receive information when they see, hear and feel things, which makes connections between different parts of the brain.可知，婴儿接收到不同信息，可 以让大脑不同部分形成连接，故选 b。（2） 推理判断题。根据第二段 the images showed that the part of the

29、 brain responsible for speech was more active during the a-b-b pattern. this shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. 可知，实验表明婴儿可以区别不同的声音模式，故选 a。（3） 句意猜测题。根据第三段if something is at the beginning or at the end, it makes a big difference: john caught the bear. is very differe

30、nt from the bear caught john.”可知，有些东西 放在句首和句尾，会有很大的不同，比如 john 抓住了熊，和熊抓住了 john，意思是不一 样的，可知本句意思为位置对于语言来说很重要的，顺序不同，意思不同，故选 b。 （4）推理判断题。根据最后一段 researchers led by scientist patricia kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions, audio books, the internet, or smartphonesno matter how educationald

31、oesnt appear to be enough for childrens brain development. 可知，通过电视、 网络等媒介的语言教学，对于婴儿大脑发展是不够的，并且后面的实验表明，面对面的语 言输入才有效，故选 d。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和句意猜测三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅 读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的 技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分 析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解time:2017-01-24 from: editor: clove

32、rthe head of chinas largest online seller alibaba does not think china and the united states will have a trade war despite comments from the trump administration.jack ma is the chairman of the alibaba group. at the world economic forum meeting in davos,s witzerland, he said, china and (the) u.s. wil

33、l never have a trade war. give trump some time. hes open-minded, hes listening.t he chinese billionaire said he would do all he could to prevent trade relations between the countries from getting worse.last week, ma met with trump at the trump tower in new york city. the chinese billionaire is said

34、to have discussed a plan to permit one million small u.s. businesses to sell goods on alibabas online shopping platform.during the campaign and after winning the presidential election, trump strongly criticized the chinese governments support for its businesses. he blamed unfair trade policies for t

35、aking away u.s. jobs. and he said that china unfairly controls the exchange value of its currency, the yuan.trump also has threatened to place import taxes on goods from china and other countries in response to their trade policies.according to the south china morning post,masaid, american internati

36、onal companies made millions and millions of dollars from globalization. he added that the u.s. should not blame the loss of jobs and companies on globalization.however, a new study by an american business group says many u.s. businesses feel unwelcome in china. the companies say the cost of doing b

37、usiness in china is increasing. they add that rules and regulations are unclear or not enforced in a consistent way.the american chamber of commerce in china led the study, which looked at responses from 462 companies.william zarit is chairman of the chamber. he says trade policies in china make it

38、difficult for american companies. he says, we feel that over the last few years that weve been taken advantage of to some extent, with our open market and the lack of open areas in the chinese market.another major concern for u.s. companies in china is fake products. fake products are copies of the

39、originals that cost businesses with the legal right to sell them millions of dollars each year.ma defended alibabas efforts to fight fake products on its shopping platform. he said his company is doing all it can to fight the problem.fighting against fake products is a war against human greediness,

40、ma said.im mario ritter.（1）the underline phrase “the chinese billionaire” refers to _.a. trump b. jack ma c. mario ritter d. willian zarit（2）the text likely take from the _.a. economic magazine b. trade speech c. website d. global news（3）about this passage, the most suitable title is “_”.a. chinese

41、billionaire does not see china-us trade warb. the american international companies removed most tariffs on products traded between the u.s and chinac. group says american businesses in china concernedd. the war about fighting against fake products【答案】 （1）b（2） c（3） a【解析】 【分析】文章主要讲述的是中国的亿万富翁阿里巴巴集团董事长马

42、云表示尽管川 普政府发表了不少批评言论，但是中美之间不会爆发贸易战。他将尽一切努力防止两国之 间的贸易关系恶化。(1) 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，划线词提到的“the chinese billionaire” 指 jack ma ，即 阿里巴巴集团董事长马云，故选 b。(1) 推理判断题。根据文章开头 time:2017-01-24 from: editor: clover 及文章的 时效性可知，此文来自网站，故选 c。(2) 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是中国的亿万富翁阿里巴巴集团董事长马云表示尽管川 普政府发表了不少批评言论，但是中美之间不会爆发贸易战。他将尽一切努力防止两国之 间的贸易

43、关系恶化。a 项能概括全文，故选 a。【点评】考查新闻报道类短文阅读。4阅读理解anxiety has now surpassed depression as the most common mental health disease among college students, though depression, too, is on the rise. more than half of students visiting campus clinics cite anxiety as a health concern, according to a recent study of mo

44、re than 100,000 students nationwide by the center for collegiate mental health at penn state. nearly one in six college students has been diagnosed with or treated for anxiety within the last 12 months, according to the annual national survey by the american college health association.the causes ran

45、ge widely, experts say, from mounting academic pressure at earlier ages to overprotective parents to engagement with social media. anxiety has always played a role in the development of a students life, but now more students experience anxiety so acute that they are seeking professional help. like m

46、any college clinics, the center for counseling and psychological services at the university of central florida (ucf) one of the countrys largest and fastest- growing universities, has seen sharp increases in the number of clients: 15.2 percent over last year alone.anxiety has become characteristic o

47、f the current generation of college students, said dan jones, the director of counseling and psychological services at appalachian state university in boone, n. c. because of increasingly pressures during high school, he and other experts say, students arrive at college preloaded with stress. accust

48、omed to extreme parental oversight, many seem unable to govern themselves. and with parents so accessible, students have had less incentive to develop life skills. “they cant tolerate discomfort or having to struggle,” dr jones said.more often, anxiety is mild and temporary, the indication of a stud

49、ent under the control of anormal developmental issue-learning time management, for example, or how to handle rejection from a sorority. mild anxiety is often treatable with early, modest interventions. but to care for rising numbers of severely troubled students, many counseling centers have moved t

50、o triage protocols ( 分诊措施). that means that students with less urgent needs may wait several weeks for first appointments.like many college counseling centers, ucf has designed a variety of daily workshops and therapy groups that implicitly and explicitly address anxiety, depression and their trigge

51、rs. next fall the center will test a new app for treating anxiety with a seven-module cognitive behavioral program, accessible through a students phone and augmented with brief videoconferences with a therapist. it also offers semester-long, 90-minute weekly therapy groups, such as “keeping calm and

52、 in control”, “mindfulness for depression” and “building social confidence” -for students struggling with social anxiety.（1）which of the following contributes to anxiety according to the text?a. protection from teachers. b. an app in students phones.c. increasingly learning pressure. d. management o

53、f time learning.（2）what does the underlined word “incentive” in paragraph 3 probably mean?a. prevention. b. motivation. c. acquisition. d. direction.（3）whats the purpose of those therapy groups mentioned in the last paragraph?a. to help students suffering anxiety.b. to test what social anxiety is.c.

54、 to introduce the cognitive behavioral program of ucf.d. to emphasize the importance of calm and confidence.（4）which of the following would be the best title for the text?a. tips on dealing with anxietyb. causes of anxiety and depressionc. different mental diseases threaten college studentsd. colleg

55、e mental health centers overburdened with anxious students【答案】 （1）c（2） b（3） a（4） d【解析】 【分析】焦虑症已经超越抑郁症成为大学生中最常见的心理健康问题，文章分析 焦虑可能产生的原因，以及某些大学为此采取的措施。（1 ）细节理解题。根据第二段内容 the causes range widely, experts say, from mounting academic pressure at earlier ages to overprotective parents to engagement with soci

56、al media（专家称焦虑症的原因多种多样，从早年积累下来的学业压力、家长的过度保护到对社交 媒体的强迫性依赖）可知，c 项（增加的学习压力）会导致焦虑，故选 c。（2） 词义猜测题。根据上句内容 accustomed to extreme parental oversight, many seem unable to govern themselves.（很多学生都习惯于父母无微不至的监督，几乎没有自制能 力。）故这里递进的句子 and with parents so accessible, students have had less incentive to develop life

57、skills. （ 由 于 家 长 总 在 身 边 ， 学 生 们 普 遍 缺 乏 学 习 独 立 生 活 技 能 的 _。），b 项“动力”最符合语境，故划线单词意思为“动力”，选 b。（3） 细节理解题。根据本段表述的内容：像许多大学的心理咨询中心一样， u.c.f.也设置 了多种日常研讨会和治疗小组，以直接或间接的方式解决焦虑、抑郁问题及其触发源。明 年秋天，该中心将对一种新的拥有七个模块的认知行为疗法应用程序进行测试，学生可以 通过手机获取该应用，并可与治疗师进行简短的视频谈话。故这些治疗小组的目的时为了 帮助那些患焦虑症的学生。故选 a。（4） 主旨大意题。通读全文可看出，文章介绍了

58、焦虑症已经成为美国大学生中最常见心理 问题，大学的心理咨询中心已经超负荷，故选 d 作为标题最合适。5阅读理解should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? in order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. not all historical buildings are attractive. however, there may be other reasonsfor example, economic reasonswhy they should be preserved. so, let us assume t