小学英语四种基本句型肯定句否定句、一般疑问句与特殊疑问句

1、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的详解一、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句定义1肯定句：表示肯定的意思，即不含有否定词“不”。我是一个学生 I am a stude nt.他去上学 He goes to school.2. 否定句：表示否定的意思。我不是一个男孩。I am not a boy他不去上学He does not go to school.3. 一般疑问句：回答为“是yes”或者“否no”的问句。你是一个学生吗？Are you a stude nt?你喜欢英语吗？Do you like En glish?4. 特殊疑问句：回答不是“是yes”或者“否no”的问句，根据提问

2、内容具体回答现在几点了？ What the time?哪一支笔是你的？Which is your pe n?二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换 有 am, is, are 的句子 |肯定句变否定句：在am, is, are后面加上not,其余按顺序照抄。w肯定句变一般疑问句：把am, is, are提前放到句首并大写Am, Is, Are,其余照抄。肯定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分 3步骤第一步：先变一般疑问句第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分（ 划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现） 第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。1. 肯定句、

3、否定句和一般疑问句的互换肯定句：This is a book.否定句： This is not| a book.一般疑问句：Is this a book?肯定回答：Yes, it is.否定回答：No, it isn 2. 就划线部分提问（变特殊疑问句）This is a book.第一步：变一般疑问句 Is this a book?第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词Is this what ?没有am, is, are的句子第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。What is this?肯定句变否定句:在主语后面加上do not或者does not,其余按顺序照抄 动

4、词用原形 肯定句变一般疑问句：在句首加do或者does并大写，其余照抄。注意：动词用原形 肯定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分3步骤第一步：先变一般疑问句第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分（划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现）第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。1. 肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的互换 非单三时用do,单三时用does非单三 厂肯定句：I like English.V 般疑问句：Do you like En glish?否定句：I do not like En glish.单三 广 肯定句：He likes English.Y 般疑问句：Do

5、es helike En glish?J 否定句：He does not like English.2就划线部分提问（变特殊疑问句）I like English.第一步：先变一般疑问句 Do you like English?第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分Do you like what?第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。What do you like?常用特殊疑问词及词组：whe n什么时间（问时间）what date什么日期 问具体日期who谁（问人）what place什么地点问具体地址whose谁的问主人how怎么样问情况where在哪里问

6、地点how old多大问年龄which哪一个问选择how many多少问数量why为什么问原因how much多少问价钱what什么冋东西how about 怎么样冋意见what time什么时间问时间how far多远问路程what colour什么颜色问颜色how long 多长 问时间what about怎么样冋意见How soon 多快，多久问时间what day星期几问星期How often多久冋频率.句子的种类类别用法标点例句陈述句r冃疋叙述一件事情或说明说话人的看法This is a bag.Thats my book.I can see a bag over there.I d

7、ont know.否定疑问句一般用于提出问题?Are you a stude nt? Do you like puppets?Can you speak En glish?特殊用于提出问题?Whats your n ame?Wheres my bag?How many trees are there?选择用于提出问题?Is your friend a boy or a girl?反意用于提出问题?Its a fine day, is nt it?祈使句表示命令或请求、建议或！Put it here!Look at the no ticeboard.感叹句表示惊讶赞美愤怒等强烈情感!JHow s

8、mart!Glad to see you!What a nice pen cil case!特殊:l.some 变为 anyThere are some birds in the tree.f There arent any birds in the tree.但是，若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中，some可以不变。Would you like some orange juice?与此相关的一些不定代词如 somethi ng, somebody等也要进行相应变化。2. and 变为 orI have a knife and a ruler.f I dont have a knife or a

9、ruler.3. a lot of （=lots of）变为 many 或 muchThey have a lot of friends.（可数名词）f They dont have many friends.There is lots of orange in the bottle.（不可数名词）f There isnt much orange in the bottle.4. already 变为 yetI have bee n there already. f I havettiietBseet.熟记变特殊疑问句时，容易判断错的情况。1、数词表示年龄：He is fifty-five.

10、How old is he ?表示时间：It fsty-five.What s the time?表示加法：Six and two is eight.What s six and two?表示价格： The shirt is thirty yua n .How much is the shirt?表示多少：I have three brothers.How many brothers do you have?2、姓名和人表示人名： My name is Gina .What s your name?表示人： The woma n is Gi na. Who is the woma n ?3、长

11、度和距离表示距离：It fs/e hundred metres away from here.How far is it from here?表示长度：It fs/e hundred metres.How long is it ?4、颜色，东西表示颜色： The shoes are white. What color are the shoes?表示物： They are white sheep. What are they?表示颜色： They are white sheep. What color are these sheep?5、名词所有格和人表示名词所有格：She s Lucy si

12、ster. Whose sister is she?表示人：She s Lucy s sisterWho is she?练一练1 （用特殊疑问词填空）：1、 A:is the boy in blue?B:He s Mike.2、A:wallet is it? B:Its mine.3、A:is the diary? B:Its under thechair.4、 A:is the Chirstmas Day? B: Itth5、A:are the earph on es?B:They are 25 yua n.6、A:is the hairdryer?B:Its blue.7、A:is it

13、today?B:Its Sun day.& A:was it yesterday? B: It was the 13th of October.9、A:t his red one?B:Its beautiful.10、A:is it from here? B:Its aboutstw11、A: Can I have some paper and some crayons?B:?A: I want to make a kite.12、A:one is fatter, the blue one or the red one? B: The blue one.13、A:is your cousi n

14、? ?B: Hes 15 years old14、A:do you have dinn er? B: At 6 oclock练练2：1、Its a boo改一般疑冋句）2、My father is in the study.（对划线部分提问）3、?Do you watch TV every Sun day?（做肯定回答）4、?This picture is very beautiful.（改为以 what 引导的感叹句）5、?Kick the ball to me!（改为否定句）6、?I have a big present.（对划线部分提问）7、?There are some orange

15、trees on the farm.改为单数句子 ）练一练3 :1. is this? It s a rubber.2. rubbers are there in the pen cilbox?3. is your brother? He s nine.4. are they? They are cows.5. are you? I m fine.6. do you feel? We are happy.7. is your father? He is a den tist.8. does he goto school? He goes to school by bus.9. are the

16、ducks? They are on the river.10. is his n ame? He is Mart in.11. new books have you got? Five.12. is the tree? It s green.13. coats are these? Mary s.14. is on the desk? There is a glass.15. is this book? It very in tefesi ing.练一练4 （对画线部分提问）：1. They bought a new bike yesterday.2. She is a n urse .3.

17、 She is my teacher.4. He bought the red one .5. It is my coat.6. I am look ing for my sister .7. I get up at six .8. I am from Hubei .9. I went to school late because I got up late.10. It is wi ndy .11. I am gett ing on well with it.12. My bag is red .13. The book is Li Hua . s14. I like math_best.1

18、5. They are five yua n .16. I wash it twice a week .17. He will be back in four days_18. I didn t come to (yesterday because I was ill .练一练5:选择题()19. Excuse me is the n earest bookshop ?Go down the street and turn left at the second corner?A. how B. what C. where D. who()20.is a ticker for the film

19、Hacker He?About forty yua n .A. How old B. How many C. How much D. How ofte n()21. are you going? I m going to the library.A. Who B. Which C. What D. Where()22.- It s a nice car.have you been in it?-Just to Sha nghai.A. How much B. How soo nC. How long D. How far()23.? It s eight.A. What day is itB.

20、 What s five and threeC. How old are youD. What s your teleph one n umber()24.? I ve got a headache and a cough.A. What s your trouble B. What s wrong with itC. Can I help youD. How are you()25.tea did you have?Two cups.A. How many B. How much C. How soo n D. Which()26.shall we meet in the park?What

21、 about half past eight?A. What B. When C. Where D., Which()27.a year does your school have sports meeti ngs?Twice a year.A. How ofte nB. How soon C. How long D. How many times( )28.?s the girlThe one behi nd the tree.A. Whose girl B. Who s that girl C. Which girl D. Where ()29.are you going to be in

22、 the future?I want to be a pers on- Yang Liwei.A. How , like B. How , as C. What , like D. What , as()30.will your father be back?.A How long B how ofte n C How soon D How wide 练一练6 (就划线部分提问)：31 . He often has lunch in the factory .? he ofte n ?lunch ?32 . They will come back in a month .? ?will the

23、y come back ?33 . He hurt his leg last Sunday .?he hurt his leg ?34 . I got up at six this morning?you?up this morning ?35 . They were drawing a horse when I came in .?they?when I came in?36.I did nt go toschoolbecause I had a bad cold .? ?you go to school ?37 . Youd better take the No . 3 bus.?bus?

24、I better take?38 . Hes feeling well .?he feeling ?39 . The girl in a red coat is my sister .?is your sister ?40 . He comes to Chi na once a year .?he?to Chi na ?41. He goes to see his grandma （ twice a week ）.（对括号部分提问 ） ?42. My father goes to work by car.（ 改为特殊疑问句）?43. It take ( 15 mi nu tes ) for a

25、 ferry to cross the river.( 对括号部分提问)?44. You can dial ( 110 ) to call the police.( 对括号部分提问 ) can you dial to call the police45. Ted put his bag in the desk .(改为特殊疑问句)Ted in the desk?46. The students ( went camping ) last week.(对括号部分提问)?47. Diogenes came from ( Greece ).(对括号部分提问)Dioge nes ?48. The wa

26、y to keep fit is ( to eat food and take morn exercise).( 对括号部分提问 )the way to ?49. We landed (on an unexplored planet ).(对括号部分提问)you land ?练一练7 (单项选择题)：(? )1. How are you ?A.Fi ne,tha nks.? B.Yes,it is. C.How are you ?()2. Nice to meet you ! A.Fi ne,tha nk you. B.OK. C.Nice to meet you ,too !()3. How

27、 do you go to school ?A.I go to Can ada by pla ne. B.I go to school by bike. C.What about you ?()4. How do you go to the USA ?A.I usually go to school by bus. B.I go to En gla nd by ship. Cgo by pla ne.()5.? My home is n ear the post office.A. Where is your home ? B.OK.C.See you the n!()6. See you a

28、t 2 o clock.A.See you then !B.The fifth floor.C.It s easy.()7.? You can go by the No.15 bus.A.It s not far.B. How can I get to Zhongshan Park ? C.Sure.()8. Where is the hospital? A.Next to the cinema. B.Thank you . C.You re welcome.()9. Excuse me ,is there a cin ema n ear here ?A.Yes,there is . B.No,it s notfarC.lt s near the post office.()10.? It s near the post office.A.Yes,there is . B.No,it s not farC. Where is the library?()11.? It s nextt