八年级英语下册Unit1-5知识点

1、八年级（下）英语 Unit1-5 知识点Unit 1Will people have robots?一般将来时: 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词：（1）1.含tomorrow; next短语； 2.in+段时间； 3.how soon；提问将来时间 4.by+将来时间；5.祈使句句型中，or/and sb. will do 例Be quick, or you will be late=If you dont be quick, you will be late6.在时间/条件状语从句中, 如果从句用一般现在时, 主句用一般将来时（另见Unit 5）（2）比较be going to

2、 与will:1. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。如： He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.3. be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思，如： She is

3、going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.4.在if条件状语从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：If any beasts comes at you, Ill stay with you and help you.掌握了它们的这些不同，你就能很好的区分be going to与will了。There be 句型的一般将来时：There will be _(某物有某地)。There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution

4、 in the future.There are going to be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.Will there be more cars? Yes, there will. / No, there wont. 1. fewer people更少的人（fewer修饰名词复数，表示否定）2. less free time更少的空闲时间； few-fewer修饰可数名词复数； little-less修饰不可数名词；many / much-more既可以修饰可数名词复数也可以修饰不可数名词。3. i

5、n ten years 10年后（in的时间短语用于将来时，提问用How soon）4.fall in love with sbsth爱上某人某物 5.live alone单独居住 The girl walked alone along the street, but she didnt feel lonely。6.feel lonely感到孤独 那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独 7.keep/feed a pet pig养一头宠物猪 8.fly to the moon飞上月球 9.hundreds of +复数名词 “数百/几百”（概数，类似还有thousands of; millio

6、ns of）(前有后都没有)10.the same as和相同11.Ais different from B A与B不同 (=There is a difference /There are differences between A and B)12.wake up醒来（wake sb. up表示 “唤醒某人”） 13.get bored变得厌倦（get/become是连系动词，后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited等）14.go skating去滑冰（类似还有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等） 15.lots of /a lot o

7、f 许多（后接可数名词或不可数名词） 21.on vacation度假16.at the weekends/on weekends在周末 17.study on computers通过电脑学习 18.agree with sb.同意某人(的意见) 19.I dont agree. = I disagree.我不同意20.on a piece of paper在一张纸上（注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等是常考到的不可数名词）22.help sb with sth/ help sb do sth帮助某人做某事 23.many dif

8、ferent kinds of pets许多不同种宠物24.live in an apartment住在公寓里 /live on the twelfth floor 住在12楼 25.live at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路332号 26.as a reporter作为一名记者27.look smart显得精神/看起来聪明 28.Are you kidding?你在骗我吗？ 29.in the future在将来/在未来30.be able to do sth. 能/会做某事 will be able to do sth. 将能/会做某事31.(1) will

9、be able to ; (be able to用于各种时态，而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中；have to用于各种时态，而must只能用于一般现在时态）例如： I will be able to speak two languages. （不可以用can） I will have to/ had to stay at home. （不可以用must）本单元目标句型：1.What do you think life will be like in 100 years?2.There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollu

10、tion in the future.3.Will kids go to school? No, they wont/ Yes, they willUnit2 What should I do?本单元遇到麻烦问题，提出建议，解决问题；继续学习情态动词should/ could： 1.Whats wrong?/ whats up? What should I do?我该怎么办 Whats the matter?/ Whats the problem? / Whats the trouble(with you)? 2.You could write him a letter.你可以给他写封信.Yo

11、u should say sorry to him.你应该给他道歉. They shouldnt argue.他们不应该争吵.3. Why dont you talk to him about it? Lets play basketball.=Why not talk to him about it? =You should/could talk to him about it.=What/How about talking to him about it. =Youd better talk to him about it.1.keep out 不让进入 2.out of style 过时

12、的；不时髦的3.pay for 付帐；付买的钱 4.part-time job 兼职工作5. the same as 与相同 6. get on well with sb. 与某人相处融洽7. have a fight with sb.=fight with sb. 与某人打架 8. as much as possible 尽可能多9. all kinds of 各种各样的 10. comparewith 与相比11.Maybe 或许，大概 may be 可能是 12. on the phone 通过（打）电话13. in style 时髦的；流行的 14. a ticket to a bal

13、l game 一张球赛的门票15. not until 直到才 16. fit into找到时间（做某事）17.give sth. to sb.=give sth. sb. 把某物给某人 18. a mother of 一个的母亲19 . complain about doing sth. 抱怨做某事 20. return sth. to sb=return sb. sth. 把某物归还给某人21. buy sth. for sb=buy sb. sth 给某人买某物 22. argue with sb.=have an argument with sb. 和某人争吵23. write sb.

14、 a letter=write to sb.给某人写信24. on the one handon the other hand一方面另一方面25. call sb. up=ring sb. up=give sb. a phone 打电话给1. Whats wrong?怎么啦？2. My brother plays his CDs too loudly.我兄弟放CD太大声了。3. Maybe you should call him up.也许你应该给他打电话。4. You could go to his house.你可以去他家。5. You should give him a ticket t

15、o a ball game.你可以给他一张球赛票。6. What should I /he /they do?我/他/他们该怎么办？7. Then I think you should get a part-time job.那么，我想你应该找一份兼职工作。8. She should tell her friend to get different clothes.她应该叫她的朋友买不同的衣服。9. Friends shouldnt wear the same clothes.朋友不应该穿同样的衣服。10. They are the same as my friends clothes.这些衣

16、服和我朋友的一样。11. You should be more friendly.你可以更友好。12. You should try to be funny.那应该尽量开心。13. Everyone else in my class was invited except me.我们班除了我，都被邀请了。 14. Im very upset and dont know what to do.我很沮丧，不知道该怎么办。15. What should you do to relax?你做什么来放松？16. Parents should learn to give their kids a bit m

17、ore time to themselves. 家长应学会给他们的孩子多一点时间。 Unit 3What were you doing when the UFO arrived?过去进行时（Past Progressive Tense）句型 ：主语 + was/were +V-ing 主语+ was / were not + V-ing Was / Were + 主语+ V-ing ? 例A：She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening.（昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。）She wasnt doing her homework at

18、 8:30 yesterday evening. Was she doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening? Yes, she was. / No, she wasnt.例B：We were having supper at that time.（那个时候我们正在吃晚饭。）We were not having supper at that time. Were you having supper at that time? Yes, we were./ No, we werent. 过去进行时常搭配的时间词：What were you doing

19、 when I arrived /at that time/ at 8:00 last night/ from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday? when / while 引导的时间状语从句：（主句和从句的位置可以互换，从句放前，习惯用逗号隔开）1.主语+ was/ were doing sth. （主句过去进行时）When从句一般过去时。What were you doing when the UFO landed? 当不明飞行物着陆时，你正在干啥？We were playing on the playground when the UFO landed. When the

20、UFO landed, I was reading in the library.2.(1) 主语+动词过去式（主句一般过去时）While 从句was/ were doing sth.(过去进行时) , The UFO took off while the girl was taking photos.While I was doing my homework, my mother came in.（2）While sth./sb. was / were doing sth., sth/ sb. was / were doing sth. (主句实际需要)While my mother was

21、 cooking, I was watching TV. 当妈妈正在做饭时，我在看电视。1.in front of在的前面（外部） 2.in the front of在的前面（内部） 3.in the library在图书馆4.get out of/get into出之外/进入 5.sleep late睡懒觉 6. everyday 日常的7. in the tree (外来物在树上) / on the tree在树上 8.walk down/along沿走 9.take off (飞机)起飞；脱下（衣帽） 14.run away跑开，逃跑10.on Sunday evening在星期日晚上（

22、特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下午、晚上用on）11.at the doctors 在诊所 12. take photos照相 13. at the train station在火车站15. as+adj原形 as和一样例如：She is (not) as beautiful as her sister. I can run as fast as he(him)16. buy/draw/make sth. for sb.为某人买/画/制作 17. walk home走回家18. in history在历史上 19. for example例如 20. in the city o

23、f在市21. on the playground在操场上 22. ten minutes ago十分钟前 23. take place发生（强调必然性） 24.happen to sth./sb.发生（强调偶然性）如：What happened to you?=Whats the matter with you?=Whats wrong with you?25. of course=sure=certainly当然 26.all over the world=around the world遍及全世界27. outside/inside the station在车站外/内 28.next to

24、相邻，紧贴 29.close to接近于；在附近30. be ill in hospital/bed生病住院/在床 31.hear about/of听说（间接听到）32. in silence沉默不语 33.How about. / What about.? （+ 名词/ 代词/ doing）Unit 4 He said I was hard-working!本单元学习直接引语变间接引语（书P100）1. 为某人开一个惊喜聚会 have a surprise party for sb. 2. 生某人的气 be mad at sb. = be angry with sb.3. 不再 notany

25、more = no more 4. 带一些饮料和零食 bring some drinks and snacks5. 说三种语言 speak three languages 6. 个令人兴奋的星期 an exciting week7. 首先 first of all 8. 家庭作业 do a homework project = work on a homework project9. 把某物传给某人 pass sb sth = pass sth. to sb. 10. 带口信给某人 give sb a message 11. 为某人捎口信 take a message for sb 12. 把

26、某物(连续)传递给某人 pass on sth. to sb. = pass sth. on to sb13. 我设想(不) I (dont) suppose that +从句 14. 被期望, 被认为 be supposed to do sth15. 努力工作的 be hard-working16. 在某方面做得好 do well in sth. /doing sth. ( do better in ) = be good at sth. / doing sth. ( be better at )17. 一切如何? Hows it going? 18. 很遗憾于做某事 be sorry to

27、 do sth. 19. 健康 be in good health = be healthy = be well 保持健康 keep in good health = keep healthy20. 期末考试 end-of-year exams 21. 收到成绩单 get a report card 成绩单report card22. 变得紧张 get nervous 23. 别紧张. Dont be nervous.24. 做得还行 do OK 25. 在方面过得艰难 have a hard time with sth.26. luck-lucky-luckily 29.bad-worse-

28、worst 27. 这学期 this semester28. 某人做某事感到惊讶 sb. be surprised to do sth. 31. 一个令人失望的结果 a disappointing result 30. 真实的 be true 32. 对某人来说做某事是不对的. Its not right for sb to do sth33. 抄别人的作业 copy others homework 34. 做你自己的作业do your own homework 35. 和某人打一架 have a fight with sb 36. 养成一个坏习惯 start a bad habit37. 克

29、服它 (某事) get over it (sth) 38. 改变某人的生活 change ones life39. 对某人来说听起来像是有意思的事 sound like fun to sb. 41. 当一名志愿者 as a volunteer 40. 北大毕业生 the Peking University graduate = a graduate from Peking University 42. 在一个为期一年的项目中 on a one-year program 43. 在中国乡村地区 in Chinas rural areas44. 对某人来说是一种新的经历 be a new expe

30、rience for sb. 45. 海拔2000米以上2,000 meters above sea level46. 使某人做某事 make sb. do sth. 47. 同意某人的决定 agree with sbs decision48. .和；不但而且 bothand 49. 经历不同的事情 experience different things50. 在和之间没有不同点 There is no difference between and 51. 无能为力cant do anything about that 52. 开阔某人在方面的眼界 open up ones eyes to 5

31、3. 外面的世界 the outside world 54. 给某人生活一个良好的开端 give sb. a good start in life55. 给某人的生活一个好的影响 be a good influence in ones life / lives 56. 某事结束 sth. be over 57. 回到return to = go back to 58. 在做某事之后 after doing sth. 59. 从事(的工作) work as 60. 做完某事 finish doing sth. 61. 保护 “地球母亲” care for “Mother Earth”( = ta

32、ke care of = look after )62. 处于危险中 in danger 63. a (bad) cold 患（重）感冒64. argue a big fight 大吵了一架 65. at school 在学校，上学 66. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事 67. people who need help 需要帮助的人68. something we can do for them 我们能为他们做的事 69. there is no difference between and 在和之间没有区别Unit 5If

33、 you go to the party，youll have a great time!本单元语法要求学习：if 引导的条件状语从句。If是连词，所连接的句子叫条件状语从句，表示假设或条件，意思是“ 如果的话”，用法如下：1、表示假设，表示将会发生和可能发生的事，或进行提醒警告。句子结构如下： If +句子（一般现在时），+主句（主语will/may/can + 动词原形）（常记为：主将从现）如果许老师去参加晚会，我们将会玩得非常高兴。 If Mr. Xu goes to the party, well have a great time.如果你穿牛仔裤去晚会，许老师将不会让你进入。 If

34、you wear jeans to the party, Mr. Xu wont let you in.a. If you finish your homework, you can go out andplay.b. If I have enough money next year, I will go to travel.2.表示真实条件、客观真理、自然现象、定理定义 . 民间谚语等，句型是：If + 句子（一般现在时），+ 主句（一般现在时）.例： If you study hard , you are sure to succeed . If you put ice in a warm

35、 place, it turns into water.If a glass falls on the floor, it usually breaks If you cook a banana, it becomes very soft.If a plant dont get enough light ,it grows very tall and thin.1.at the party在晚会上 2.ask sb. to do sth.请某人做某事 3.stay at home呆在家4.half the class/students一半学生 5.get injured受伤 6.have a

36、great time玩得高兴7.take away 运走，取走 8.all the time=always一直，始终 9.make a living谋生10. in order to do为了做某事 11.have a party举行聚会 12. go to college上大学13.be famous for因而著称 14.make money挣钱 15.in fact事实上16.laugh at嘲笑 17.too much太多(修饰不可数名词) 18.too many太多(修饰可数名词复数)19.much too+形容词/副词太 20.get exercise 锻炼 注意:（exercis

37、e当“锻炼”是不可数名词；而当“操”“练习”是可数名词）21.travel around the world周游世界 22.work hard努力工作 23.wear jeans穿牛仔裤24.let . in允许进入，嵌入 25.get an education获得教育 26.take away拿开，拿走各单元小测试卷作文（范文）(一) Dear Lucy, I am writing to tell you what my future life will be. I will start a chocolate factory, because I like eating chocolate

38、s. I will have lots of money from selling chocolates. I will buy a big house for my parents. Then I will travel around the world with my parents. I want them to be happy. I will also help poor children to go to school. I hope my dream will come true. Yours, Lin Dan（二）Dong Lin: I think its lucky for

39、you to have such good parents. They ask you questions because they care about you. They just want to know if you have any problems at school. It is good for you to communicate with them, because they can give you some good advice. Many children want to talk with their parents about their problems, b

40、ut their parents dont have time. So its not necessary for you to get annoyed. You should be happy about that.(三) Dear Lucy, I am glad to receive your letter. I am writing to give you some advice.First, you can make friends with your classmates. Be friendly to your classmates and help them when they

41、have difficulties. So your classmates will know you well. Then they will like to make friends with you. Second, you could take part in after-class activities and enjoy playing sports with others. Last, try to join some clubs. It is also a good way to meet new people and make more friends. Yours, San

42、dy(四) Dear Peter, I am writing to tell you what happened to me this morning. I was riding my bike on my way to school. I got up late, so I was riding very fast. Then I found I was running into a car. Luckily, I stopped before I ran into it. But I fell off my bike. The driver stopped his car, got out

43、 and helped me to stand up. Just then, a policeman came and told me to be more careful the next time. It was really a bad experience. Yours, Chen Ming（五）Dear Daniel, I got my report card today. I did quite well in most subjects. I got Grade A in both Chinese and math. My Chinese teacher said I was g

44、ood at writing. My math teacher said I was hard-working. But I got a C in history. My history teacher said I was lazy. I got a B in English. My English teacher said I could do better. So, I will spend more time on history and English. I hope I can get better grades next term. Yours, Liu Qiang(六) An

45、earthquake happened last Sunday morning. Lets see what these students were doing at that time and what they did then. When the earthquake happened, Jim was reading in the library. He didnt run away with the others. He just stayed under the desk and walked out of the library after the earthquake was

46、over. Anna was taking a piano lesson when the earthquake happened. She ran out of the classroom with the help of her music teacher. David was cleaning his room at that time. He ran out into the yard quickly.(七) Dear Ted, I am writing to invite you to my dance party. The party will begin at 6 pm on S

47、aturday night. The place is in the school meeting room. Please wear your nice clothes. If you dont, you cant get in. you dont need to bring any food to the party. If you do, we will take it away. You can bring one friend with you. I believe if you come, you will have a great time with us. I really h

48、ope you can come. Yours, Wang Ming(八) Everyone has a different opinion about the future world. Let me tell you what I think the world will be like. I think there will be more tall buildings. Most families will live in big apartments. There will be fewer cars and people will ride bikes when they go o

49、ut. The bikes in the future will be as fast as cars. People will have robots in their homes and the robots will be able to do all the housework. People will work or study at home on the computer. I believe our world will be better and better.(九) Dear Jenny, I am glad to receive your letter. I am wri

50、ting to give you some advice. If you do that part-time job as a tour guide, you will travel a lot and make many new friends. If you like traveling and meeting new people, you can be a tour guide. If you like to be with children, its a good idea to get a part-time job as a teacher. What you decide to do depends on your hobbies and your dream job. I hope you can make a good decision. Yo