贵州省贵阳市初中毕业生学业考试试卷(物理部分)参考答案及评分标准

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13、二、填空题7原子核 负8振动 音色9做功 机械（符合题意均可）10硬度11电阻 降低12（符合题意均可）13（符合题意均可）14. 7X 10715 04 4016 .保温 加热 1:4三、简答题（每小题 3 分，共 9 分）17. 如：保温；供氧；供压；抗射线等。18. 质量是惯性的量度，质量越大，惯性越大，载重卡车超 重，刹车（制动）距离加大，而造成连续追尾相撞。 （：“由 于惯性”、 “刹车距离加大”） “严禁超载”、 “保持车距” 等均可。19 .由于照明电路的用电器均为并联，用电高峰时即接入电 路的用电器增多，导致总电阻减小，而使干路上的总电流增 大，导线上分压增大，则用电器两端电压

14、减小，电灯不能正 常工作。（： “电器增多总电阻减小”、 “导线上分压增大”或“电器两端电压减小”）四、作图题20 21 22 23 五、科学探究题24（1）物体排开液体的体积（或 V 排）；（ 2）物体排开液体的体积（或V排）液体的密度（或P液）控制变量法电 流做功与哪些因素有关等。25. （1）0 . 75; 电压升高，功率增大等。（ 2）灯丝的电阻与温度有关。（3）26.实验序号12实验过程 给透明塑料袋装满水，在袋壁不同高度处用图钉扎三个小孔， 观察水流喷出情况 取小片白纸制成纸屑，用与头发摩擦过的塑料梳子与其靠近 实验结论水的压强随深度增加而增大带电体能吸引轻小物体六、综合应用题 （解答时需写出必要的文字说明