新概念3备课笔记 ---lesson 56讲解

1、1、boundary baundri n.(不可数) 边界，界线inside the boundary .在这个范围之内of 表示两个部分的相交边界; inside 表示在某个边界线的范围内 边界，分界线(+between)the boundary between 两者之间的边界。The river is the boundary between the two countries.这条河是两国的边界. the boundaries of 的界线，所处范围(物质的)The boundaries of knowledge 知识的范围，知识面 2、pump pmp v. 用泵抽 n 泵 bump敲

2、击We have a pump for pumping water from the well.我们用一个水泵从井里抽水。We have to pump from the river for farm useAt the farm there was an old-fashioned pump for drawing water from a well.在农场，有一个老式的水泵将水从井里抽出。It is autumn and they are pumping water out of the swimming pool.入秋了，他们用泵将游泳池的水抽出。draw 画画往外抽取/提取 draw

3、some money 取钱 3、overtake ,uvteik vt 突然降临(尤指坏的事，坏天气)1. vt. 突然降临(坏的事，坏天气)Sickness overtook me an hour later 一个小时之后，我就感到恶心He was overtaken by misfortune 他突然遭遇不幸。Its dangerous to overtake at a corner.2. vt. 追上;赶上;超过(catch up with)I had to walk very fast to overtake you .为了赶上你,我不得不走。 超车很危险No one can over

4、take him没人能超过他Exports have already overtaken last years figure.出口量超过了去年A storm overtook the little boat.小船遭遇了暴风雨The film star was overtaken with another trouble.这个电影明星又遇到了其他的问题 4、backwater bk,w:t n. 回水；河汊Sometimes we go to upstream to favorite backwater.I find this town too much of a backwater. 我觉得这

5、个城镇太闭塞。 5、predecessor pri:dises n. 前任; 原有事物; 前辈; 祖先The decision was made by my predecessor .那一决定是我前任作出的。As a scholar he is not in the same street with his predecessors.作为一个学者，他远远不如他的前辈。Will new plan be any more acceptable than its predecessors? 6、meadow medu n. 草地，草场(glassland ,especially used for g

6、rowing hay.)a lawn ; a green ; grass 牧场The meadow is peopled with wild flowers.这个草场长满了野花 7、crown kraun vt. 给戴花环n. 王冠；花冠 (桂冠：古时候用月桂树枝条编的花环)vt . 加冕;(rhetoric修辞)form or cover the top of sth.The hill is crowned with woods.山顶长满了树。Beautiful fair hair crowns her head .她长了一头浅色的秀发。I crown you打击某人头部Hit sb on

7、the head.打击(某人)头部At the coronation, the archbishop put a crown on the Queens head.加冕礼上，大主教给皇后待皇冠Crowns and thrones may perish.王权会消亡。He was crowned heavy weight boxing champion. 8、holly hli n. 一种冬青植物 9、wreath ri: n. 花环花圈, 花环, 花冠lay a wreath /wreaths献花圈a laurel wreath 桂冠 10、occurrence krns n. 偶发事件occu

8、rrence /incident /event/ 事件occurrence为中性词，并不是特指某些类型的事；event (an event is often a happening of importance)；incident(两个极端) 一是鸡毛蒜皮的小事，二是暴力冲突；Their wedding will be a great event他们的婚礼将是一件大事。Divorce has become an everyday occurrence/incident 离婚已经成为每天都有的事了。The occurrence of storms delayed our trip.暴风雨的突然来临

9、延误我们的行程Newspapers record the chief occurrences of the day.保障报道了这天的偶发事件 11、proportion prp()n n. 部分proportion 部分；比例(面积，体积成分上的) part物质上的一部分 section过去式：proportioned 过去分词：proportioned 现在分词：proportioning 复数：proportionsHis success bore no proportion to his abilities. 12、site sait v.使位于site 原本是一个名词地点，场所 web

10、site 网站名词活用变为动词，成为：为选址，设置，相当于place在中文同样还有：项王军壁垓下 The king of xiang site Gia xia壁：本意军营营垒，活用为动词驻扎 The site for the new factory has not been decided yet.新工厂的地点还没有确定Protective helmets must be worn on site.The site of the battle of Waterloo is in Belgium.It is safe to site a company here. 13、spell spel v

11、 招致，带来(常指不好的)have sth as a result ; mean 招致(某事物)；意味着The failure of their crop spelt disaster for the peasant armers.作物歉收农民要受灾Flooding can sometimes spell disasterspellbind v 迷人，迷住v.拼写, 拼成, 导致, 暂时代替n.咒语, 魔力, 一段时间, 一阵发作, 轮班The pupils learn to spell in school. 14、stall st:l n牲口棚 15、attic tik n 顶楼 16、sw

12、eeping swi:pi adj.范围广大的(having an extremely wide effect ; far reaching)sweep v 打扫 sweeping 范围广大的, 横扫千军sweeping reforms 全面改革 sweeping revolution全面革命revolution n.革命，旋转The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.His sweeping remarks offended many people. 17、critical kritikl adj. 危急的be of vital importance 生

13、死攸关adj.批评的, 挑剔的, 决定性的, 危险的We are at a critical time in historWe must inherit in a critical way.我们要批判的继承 18、juncture dkt n.时刻，关头at this juncture在这个节骨眼上 19、raft r:ft, rft n.木筏筏，橡皮船 20、unduly ,ndju:li adv.过度地undue 不适当的due 适当，节制相当于overmuch，overly，in excessWere not unduly worried.我们并没有过度的担忧 21、foundation

14、s faundeinz n.地基foundation 基础 22、stoutly stautli adv.牢固地 ，粗壮的 23、submerge sbm:d v.浸没1. v.浸没The flood submerged the farmland山洪淹没了农田2.v 湮没，埋没His talent was submered by his shyness他的腼腆湮没了他的才能。submarine 潜水艇The submarine can submerge very quickly.The river overflowed and submerged the farmland.河水泛滥，浸没了农田

15、 24、grapple rpl v.抓住做抓住意思相当于grasp还有意思：扭打格斗He grappled with the robber他和抢劫犯扭打在一起n. 抓住, 掌握v. 抓住, 抓牢; 与.扭打, 与.格斗; 抓住; 努力解决; 扭打, 格斗She grappled with the bank robber, but was thrown to the ground.Ive spent all afternoon grappling with these accounts.I could not grasp her meaning我不能理解她的意思How does the idea

16、 of a holiday in Spain grab you?1、boundary baundri n.(不可数) 边界，界线inside the boundary .在这个范围之内of 表示两个部分的相交边界; inside 表示在某个边界线的范围内 边界，分界线(+between)the boundary between 两者之间的边界。The river is the boundary between the two countries.这条河是两国的边界. the boundaries of 的界线，所处范围(物质的)The boundaries of knowledge 知识的范围

17、，知识面 2、pump pmp v. 用泵抽 n 泵 bump敲击We have a pump for pumping water from the well.我们用一个水泵从井里抽水。We have to pump from the river for farm useAt the farm there was an old-fashioned pump for drawing water from a well.在农场，有一个老式的水泵将水从井里抽出。It is autumn and they are pumping water out of the swimming pool.入秋了，他

18、们用泵将游泳池的水抽出。draw 画画往外抽取/提取 draw some money 取钱 3、overtake ,uvteik vt 突然降临(尤指坏的事，坏天气)1. vt. 突然降临(坏的事，坏天气)Sickness overtook me an hour later 一个小时之后，我就感到恶心He was overtaken by misfortune 他突然遭遇不幸。Its dangerous to overtake at a corner.2. vt. 追上;赶上;超过(catch up with)I had to walk very fast to overtake you .为

19、了赶上你,我不得不走。 超车很危险No one can overtake him没人能超过他Exports have already overtaken last years figure.出口量超过了去年A storm overtook the little boat.小船遭遇了暴风雨The film star was overtaken with another trouble.这个电影明星又遇到了其他的问题 4、backwater bk,w:t n. 回水；河汊Sometimes we go to upstream to favorite backwater.I find this to

20、wn too much of a backwater. 我觉得这个城镇太闭塞。 5、predecessor pri:dises n. 前任; 原有事物; 前辈; 祖先The decision was made by my predecessor .那一决定是我前任作出的。As a scholar he is not in the same street with his predecessors.作为一个学者，他远远不如他的前辈。Will new plan be any more acceptable than its predecessors? 6、meadow medu n. 草地，草场(

21、glassland ,especially used for growing hay.)a lawn ; a green ; grass 牧场The meadow is peopled with wild flowers.这个草场长满了野花 7、crown kraun vt. 给戴花环n. 王冠；花冠 (桂冠：古时候用月桂树枝条编的花环)vt . 加冕;(rhetoric修辞)form or cover the top of sth.The hill is crowned with woods.山顶长满了树。Beautiful fair hair crowns her head .她长了一头浅

22、色的秀发。I crown you打击某人头部Hit sb on the head.打击(某人)头部At the coronation, the archbishop put a crown on the Queens head.加冕礼上，大主教给皇后待皇冠Crowns and thrones may perish.王权会消亡。He was crowned heavy weight boxing champion. 8、holly hli n. 一种冬青植物 9、wreath ri: n. 花环花圈, 花环, 花冠lay a wreath /wreaths献花圈a laurel wreath 桂

23、冠 10、occurrence krns n. 偶发事件occurrence /incident /event/ 事件occurrence为中性词，并不是特指某些类型的事；event (an event is often a happening of importance)；incident(两个极端) 一是鸡毛蒜皮的小事，二是暴力冲突；Their wedding will be a great event他们的婚礼将是一件大事。Divorce has become an everyday occurrence/incident 离婚已经成为每天都有的事了。The occurrence of

24、storms delayed our trip.暴风雨的突然来临延误我们的行程Newspapers record the chief occurrences of the day.保障报道了这天的偶发事件 11、proportion prp()n n. 部分proportion 部分；比例(面积，体积成分上的) part物质上的一部分 section过去式：proportioned 过去分词：proportioned 现在分词：proportioning 复数：proportionsHis success bore no proportion to his abilities. 12、site

25、 sait v.使位于site 原本是一个名词地点，场所 website 网站名词活用变为动词，成为：为选址，设置，相当于place在中文同样还有：项王军壁垓下 The king of xiang site Gia xia壁：本意军营营垒，活用为动词驻扎 The site for the new factory has not been decided yet.新工厂的地点还没有确定Protective helmets must be worn on site.The site of the battle of Waterloo is in Belgium.It is safe to site

26、 a company here. 13、spell spel v 招致，带来(常指不好的)have sth as a result ; mean 招致(某事物)；意味着The failure of their crop spelt disaster for the peasant armers.作物歉收农民要受灾Flooding can sometimes spell disasterspellbind v 迷人，迷住v.拼写, 拼成, 导致, 暂时代替n.咒语, 魔力, 一段时间, 一阵发作, 轮班The pupils learn to spell in school. 14、stall s

27、t:l n牲口棚 15、attic tik n 顶楼 16、sweeping swi:pi adj.范围广大的(having an extremely wide effect ; far reaching)sweep v 打扫 sweeping 范围广大的, 横扫千军sweeping reforms 全面改革 sweeping revolution全面革命revolution n.革命，旋转The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.His sweeping remarks offended many people. 17、critical kritikl

28、adj. 危急的be of vital importance 生死攸关adj.批评的, 挑剔的, 决定性的, 危险的We are at a critical time in historWe must inherit in a critical way.我们要批判的继承 18、juncture dkt n.时刻，关头at this juncture在这个节骨眼上 19、raft r:ft, rft n.木筏筏，橡皮船 20、unduly ,ndju:li adv.过度地undue 不适当的due 适当，节制相当于overmuch，overly，in excessWere not unduly

29、worried.我们并没有过度的担忧 21、foundations faundeinz n.地基foundation 基础 22、stoutly stautli adv.牢固地 ，粗壮的 23、submerge sbm:d v.浸没1. v.浸没The flood submerged the farmland山洪淹没了农田2.v 湮没，埋没His talent was submered by his shyness他的腼腆湮没了他的才能。submarine 潜水艇The submarine can submerge very quickly.The river overflowed and s

30、ubmerged the farmland.河水泛滥，浸没了农田 24、grapple rpl v.抓住做抓住意思相当于grasp还有意思：扭打格斗He grappled with the robber他和抢劫犯扭打在一起n. 抓住, 掌握v. 抓住, 抓牢; 与.扭打, 与.格斗; 抓住; 努力解决; 扭打, 格斗She grappled with the bank robber, but was thrown to the ground.Ive spent all afternoon grappling with these accounts.I could not grasp her m

31、eaning我不能理解她的意思How does the idea of a holiday in Spain grab you?1.boundary n.界线；边界例句：The river is the boundary between the twocountries.这条河是两国的分界线。2.pump v.用泵抽3.overtake v.突然降临例句：The climbers were overtaken by bad weather.登山者们突然遇到了恶劣的天气。4.backwater n.回水河汊5.predecessor n.前任，前辈例句：The new Building is m

32、ore spacious than its predecessor.这一新建筑比原先的更宽敞。6.meadow n.草地，草场7.crown v.给戴花环8.holly n.一种冬青植物9.wreath n.花环10.occurrence n.偶发事件例句：History is dotted with rum and inexplicable occurrences.历史中不时穿插着一些离奇而难以说明的事件。11.proportion n.部分12.site v.使位于13.spell v.招致，带来14.sweeping adj. 范围广大的15.critical adj. 危急的例句：Th

33、e firemen arrived at the critical moment.消防队员在千钧一发之际赶到。16.juncture n.时刻，关头17.unduly adv. 过度地例句：He seemed unduly reticent on the subject of his past.他似乎对他过去的事情讳莫如深。18.foundations n.地基19.stoutly adv. 牢固地，粗壮的例句：The Chief of Police stoutly denied the accusation.警察局长坚决否认这个指控。20.submerge v.浸没例句：She submer

34、ged her hands in warm water.她把双手浸泡在温水中。21.grapple v.抓住例句：He grapple with the problem for an hour before he solve it.他费了一个小时才解出了那道题。1.The river which forms the eastern boundary ofour farm has always played an important part in ourlives.参考翻译：形成我们农场东部边界的一条河流一直在我们生活中发挥着重要作用。讲解：一般用always带有感情色彩。play a par

35、t和play a role意思相同，起作用例句：They played a shameful despicable role in this farce.他们在这一场闹剧中扮演了可耻可鄙的角色。2.We tell river all our secrets. We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, thatmisfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.参考翻译：我们向那条河倾诉我们的秘密

36、。我们本能地懂得，就像养蜂人和他的蜜蜂那样，要是我们不把生活中的重大的事件告诉那条河，就可能大祸临头。讲解：just as beekeepers with their bees句子成分插入，that是know的宾语从句。related to与.有关例句：Income tax rates are related to ones annual income.所得税税率与个人年收入的数额相关。3.This is a rare occurrence as our climate seldom guest to extremes.参考翻译：在我们这里，气候很少发生异常，河水极少泛滥。讲解：seldom的

37、用法seldom的用法seldomseld+m adv. 一般放在实意动词之前，be动词之后，意为“不常；很少”。例如：Ive seldom seen such a big apple.我很少看到这么大的苹果。They seldom go out for dinner. 他们不常到外面用晚餐。She seldom,?if ever,?reads a book. 她很少读书。He seldom goes to see the film,?does he?他很少去看电影，是吗？关于hardly, rarely, scarcely与seldom的用法hardly“刚刚，不完全”，表示程度：I har

38、dly know him. “我几乎认不出他了”，表示还是能认出或者说“我刚刚能认出他”；hardly与any连用表示“几乎没有”，与ever连用表示“几乎从来不”；scarcely的意思与hardly更接近。rarely“不经常”，表示事物发生的频率：He rarely goes there. 他很少(不经常)去那里。seldom“很少，不经常”，它与rarely更接近。4.We are lucky in that only the lower fields, which make up a very small proportion of our farm,are effected by

39、flooding, but other farms are less favorably sited, and flooding can sometimesspell disaster for their owners.参考翻译：值得庆幸的是，只有低洼的受到洪水影响，而低洼地在我们农场比例很小。其他农场地势欠佳，洪水有时会给农场主带来灾难。讲解：in that因为,由于;在于例句：I want to go home in that its late.我想回家，天色已经晚了。make up弥补,虚构,缝制,整理,包装,和解,编辑,化妆 补足,拼凑,补考例句：They make up something like two-thirds of the population.他们占了差不多三分之二的人口。5.As the floods had put the telephone