现代大学英语精读3 Unit 1[教学]

1、Lesson One Your College Years College Years vs. Seasons Sophomores Freshmen Juniors Seniors Warm-up I: discussion (3 Minutes) What do you think the four seasons represent and explain why? Talk about this topic in groups, and then choose one student to share the views with the whole class. e.g. Winte

2、r represents the first college year because freshmen are as pure and innocent as snow. Freshmen: Spring Spring is the season for nature to revive, to grow and to get ready to boom. Similarly, in college, spring is the season for you to acquire knowledge, to develop yourself and to lay a solid founda

3、tion for the future. Its the season of growth. Sophomores: Summer Summer is the season for flowers to bloom, and its the season for you to enjoy the greatest passion in nature love, love from your classmates, from your teachers and from your romance. Juniors: Autumn Autumn is a season of harvest in

4、college. Its the season for you to enjoy what you have achieved. Seniors: Winter Winter is the harshest season of the four, which presents so many difficulties and hardships. So winter is the season of change. Unpleasant as it may seem to some students, it is simply inescapable and beneficial to one

5、s growth and maturity. Warm-up Question In the 1st college year, did you experience anything different from that in high school? Randomly pick out 1 student to share his/her changes first; Self-claim by the target student. living with others cooperate, reconcile, mutual becoming psychologically inde

6、pendent taking care of oneself handling ones own finance; making ones own decisions strive to be determined In short, changes are occurring Summary Changes themselves are not upsetting, the way to face them is! Background This text is an argumentative essay about what changes you will experience in

7、college years, and more important, what ways you should adopt to “change” changes. Thesis + Supportive Ideas Bob Hartman-note 1 ,P5 Thesis Identifying 3 questions： Have you ever considered Has it ever occurred to you Has it ever dawned on you Thesis: Though college students seldom think about them,

8、key changes will probably happen to them during their college years. Para. 1 Key Patterns It occurs to sb. to-inf / that/sth occurs to sb 想到 It dawns on sb that/sth dawns on sb 明白 Translation: 1）最后，我终于明白了真相。 2）我从来都没想到布拉德皮特和珍妮弗安妮斯顿会离婚。 3）他突然想到应该读书以准备考试。 4）汤姆忽然觉得周围如此冷清，如此寂寞。 Translation 1）最后我终于明白了真相。

9、At last the truth dawned on me. 2）我从来都没想到布拉德皮特和珍妮弗安妮斯顿会离婚。 It never occurred to me that Brad Pitt and Jennifer Aniston could get divorced. 3）他突然想到应该读书以准备考试。 It suddenly occurred to him that he should study for the test. 4）汤姆忽然觉得周围如此冷清，如此寂寞。 It suddenly dawned on Tom that it was become very lonely an

10、d still. Passage of Our Life fertilized egg with DNA code embryo 胚胎 fetus 胎儿 newborn infant / child teenager (infml)/ adolescent adult (grown up, infml) middle-aged pensioner old-aged / elderly / senior citizen Skimming Q: What are the key changes which will probably happen in college years? Please

11、scan the text quickly and make clear what the changes are and where they are? The Key Changes identity crisis身份危机; the independence/dependence struggle; establishment of sexual identity; affection giving and receiving; internalization of religious faith, values and morals; development of new ways to

12、 organize and use knowledge; new understanding of the world and himself/herself. Para. 2 Para. 3-4 Para. 5 Para. 6 Para. 7 Para. 8 Para. 9 Further Reading (3 minutes) What is the topic sentence of each part? In what ways are the supportive ideas presented? specific examples definition explanation st

13、atistics citations from authorities hard evidence or facts Further Reading (3 minutes) In what ways are the supportive ideas presented? specific examples definition explanation statistics citations from authorities hard evidence or facts The Key Changes identity crisis; the independence/dependence s

14、truggle; establishment of sexual identity; affection giving and receiving; internalization of religious faith, values and morals; development of new ways to organize and use knowledge; new understanding of the world and himself/herself. TS + definition + citation Transitional sentence + TS + explana

15、tion + citation TS + explanation + example (contrasting ideas) TS + explanation + example TS + explanation + example TS + explanation + example TS + explanation + example Structure Key changes will happen during college years. Key changes in detail restating the thesis: significance Thesis: Supporti

16、ve ideas: Thesis consolidation: by definition, explanation, citation, antithesis, example Detailed Reading: identity crisis (para. 2) 1) Q: Can you find the definition of “identity” in this para.? how people perceive感知 themselves and how other people perceive them. 2) Blank filling: According to Pie

17、rs and Landau, identity is determined by _, shaped by _, and influenced by _. genetic endowment environment chance events Explain this sentence in your own words. Paraphrase Who we are is determined by three things: first, our genes基因given by our parents; second, environment, and third, unexpected t

18、hings. perceive per (totally, entirely)+ ceive (take, seize) conceive deceive receive Practice 他欺骗欺骗_同学们说明天是他妈妈的 受难日，这是他设想设想_ 的一个阴 谋，但善良的同学们都没有察觉察觉_ 出来，第二天全都送给他礼物，他居然很无耻地接接 受受_ 了。 deceive conceive perceive receive Detailed Reading: in(dependence) struggle (paras.3-4) 1) Q: Are college students total

19、ly independent from the parents? Why? No. They may become financially independent from their parents in pursuing for a college education. But they have chosen to grow and learn how to be independent. 2) Jeffery A. Hoffman observed 4 aspects to independence. What are they? 1) functional independence

20、2) attitudinal independence 3) emotional independence 4) freedom from excessive feelings Explain each of them by paraphrasing. Detailed Reading: in(dependence) struggle (paras.3-4) Explain each of them by paraphrasing. 1) Functional independence: We can handle everyday life situations; We have the a

21、bility to solve practical problems; 2) Attitudinal independence: We are able to understand and accept parents or other peoples different attitudes, values, and beliefs. 3) Emotional independence: We dont need parents to tell us what to do or not do. Sometimes we also want to get emotional support fr

22、om parents, but we are no longer little babies. We can be OURSELVES; 4) Freedom from excessive feelings: Children often feel very guilty, anxious, unhappy, afraid, and angry, but we can calm down and judge ourselves and others in a reasonable way. Detailed Reading: establishment of sexual identity (

23、para. 5) feminine masculine exciting frustrating lower higher bounce into drag ones feet smile, excitement dismayed, dejected look best worst What is this rhetorical device修辞手法修辞手法 called? 1) Find out all the words now “I” was encouraging him. The example reflects the change that college students ar

24、e learning how to give and receive affection in the adult world. Detailed Reading: affection giving and receiving (para. 6) 2) Sentence pattern: It is a time when c.f. It is a time (for sb) to do sth It is a time for sth/doing sth Detailed Reading: affection giving and receiving (para. 6) Blank Fill

25、ing It is a time for children _ thanks for their mothers love. (show) It is a time for _ loved ones who have departed. (remember) It is a time too short _ a world-without-end bargain in. (make) It was dinner time when Rob _ home. (get) It is a time when we _ decisions by ourselves. (make) to show re

26、membering to make got should/could make Detailed Reading: internalization of religious faith, values and morals (para. 7) a story about racial prejudice 种族偏见 Make a story about regional prejudice by imitating the sentence patterns here and share your story with the class. Detailed Reading: developme

27、nt of new ways to organize and use knowledge (para. 8) 1) Q: How the word “way” is modified? (P. 22) the way + clause (1,6) A way + to-infinitive phrase (2,3,8) A way + of + gerund noun (4,5,7) Detailed Reading: a new understanding of the world and himself/herself (para. 9) 1) Q: How do college stud

28、ents become world citizens? At college, the young adults have good chances to meet people from different cultures. By interacting with them, they are introduced to new ways of life. They begin to understand life in different ways. By doing these, they experience a new understanding of the world and

29、themselves. Review: case study studying and living with parents together; Indulging放纵 him/herself in the pangs痛苦 of disappointed love; playing computer games all night and attending classes late or not at all; being totally buried in books and never relating to others being totally buried in books a

30、nd never relating to others independence struggle develop new ways to organize and use knowledge establish sex identity functional independence affection giving and receiving Homework nDo the exercises of this unit; nLearn the following key words nMake clear the usage of “perceive” nLearn the follow

31、ing key words nMake clear the usage of “perceive” to spread sth. over an area (hand out) 分发，分配，散布，发行分发，分配，散布，发行 distribute wedding candies among friends distribute magazines to subscribers distribute manure肥料 over a field attribute n. a feature of sb./sth. (quality) 特性，属性，性质特性，属性，性质 v. to say or bel

32、ieve that sth. is the result of a particular thing ( oweto; ascribeto) 归因于归因于 Politeness is an attribute of a gentleman. He attributes his success to luckiness. inheritance, heritage inheritance usually refers to money or property which you receive from someone who has died. heritage is a big word w

33、hich can be used to describe all the traditions/cultures/features of life, etc that have continued for many years and have been passed on from one generation to another. Translation 遗产税 inheritance tax 基因遗传 genetic inheritance 世界文化遗产 world cultural heritage 国粹 national heritage Capability of sth/doi

34、ng sth; to do sth c.f. capability, ability, capacity, faculty 1) ability主要指人的智力或体力，可能是先天的，也可 能是通过学习或锻炼获得。强调能或不能。其后接to do sth或in / for sth。 2）capability含义相似，既可指人，又可指物。强调“ 固有、潜在的能力”，其后接to do sth / of doing sth / for sth。 3) capacity强调人的忍耐接受能力或物的容纳能力，其 后接for sth / of sth。 4) faculty强调人的官能，其后接for sth/of

35、 sth。 Multiple choices Our country has the _ to defeat any intruder. A. faculty B. capability C. ability D. capacity The hall has a _ of five hundred people. A. faculty B. capability C. ability D. capacity B D I will carry out your instructions to the best of my ability_. A. faculty B. capability C.

36、 ability D. capacity The childs reading _ was great. A. ability B. capability C. capacity D. faculty C(固定搭配) A Man is the only animal that has the _ of speech. A. ability B. capability C. capacity D. faculty The professor in his lecture went beyond超过，胜过 the _ of his audience. A. ability B. capabilit

37、y C. capacity D. faculty D C Project: to project a dam to project slides on a screen to project a shadow投影 to project a positive image to project feelings to project ones head through the window pro: supportive支持的，有支持作用的, forward向前; ject: to throw扔，抛, shoot射 proceed progress promote propel provoke p

38、ro-British abject deject eject inject interject reject 前进； 进步 促进 推进 激怒，招惹 亲英派的 凄惨的，可怜的 使沮丧，使气馁 逐出，排斥 注射，注入 介入，插入 拒绝，回绝 get smaller: shrink, shrivel (up), contract Clothes gets smaller shrink Metals get smaller contract Muscles get smaller and tighter contract A fruit or plant gets smaller shrivel up

39、 Skin get loose and dried shrivel up 翻译： 他因为紧张胃部一阵痉挛。 热水会使羊毛缩水。 树叶在秋天枯萎。 虽然她还不到30，但看上去面有菜色，十分干枯。 一般说来，金属会热涨冷缩。 1) The company has decided to _ its sales by ten per cent next year. 2) The owner of the restaurant is going to _ the kitchen by ten feet this year. 3) The metal will _ if heated. extend in

40、crease expand increase extend expand Extend, increase, expand Language study: phrases in a different light in the light of鉴于，由于 stand back靠后站 in/with relation to关系到 drag ones feet bounce into to distance oneself with reference to/concerning walk slowly walk quickly from a different perspective consi

41、dering How to walk! To walk quickly To walk slowly in a relaxed way To walk slowly because you are tired To walk slowly because you are in pain or weak To walk slowly and carefully To walk in an unsteady way To walk with heavy, noisy steps To walk quietly To walk proudly To walk through water stride

42、, bounce into, pace stroll, saunter trudge hobble Check them later. Review Stride: 大步流星 Pace：来回踱步 Stroll: 漫步，闲逛 Saunter: 蹓跶 Trudge: 步履艰难 Hobble: 跛行 Shuffle:挪脚 Stagger: 蹒跚学步 Stumble: 跌跌撞撞 Stomp: 跺脚 Tiptoe: 踮脚走 Creep: 悄声无息地走 Swagger: 大摇大摆地走，横着走 Strut: 昂首阔步 Wade: 涉水 Paddle: 戏水，蹚水 Pick your way: 择路而行 An

43、 object is the recipient of an action which often follows a transitive过渡的 verb or a preposition. What can function as object are nouns, pronouns, numerals, infinitive phrases, gerund, noun clauses, etc. Example: Do you know where he lives? “Where he lives is the objective clause of “know”. Grammar:

44、object宾语宾语 During this time, students are endeavoring努力，尝试 to find out who they are and what their strengths and weakness are. an infinitive phrase used as the object of the verb Which part is the object? At the same time, these young adults are learning how to give and receive affection in the adult world. wh-word plus an infinitive phrase used as an object of the verb Which part is the object? Hoffman observed that there are four distinct aspects不同的方面 to psychological separation from our parents. “that” clause used as the object of a verb Which part is the object? All the st