Module11__定语从句专项课件

1、Module11 定语从句专项课件定语从句专项课件 初中英语外研版九年级上册初中英语外研版九年级上册 一一. 定语定语 定语用来限定、修饰定语用来限定、修饰名词名词或或代词代词的，是对名词或的，是对名词或 代词起代词起修饰、限定修饰、限定作用的作用的词、短语（动词不定式词、短语（动词不定式 短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中，汉语中 常用常用的的表示。表示。 主要由主要由形容词形容词担任，此外，担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，名词，代词，数词， 分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以来担任， 也可以由一个也可以由

2、一个句子句子来担任。来担任。 作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。 短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作 后置定语。后置定语。 1. 概念概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子. 一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 (Attributive clause) Mary is a beautiful girl. Mary is a girl who has long hair. 形容词作定语形容词作定语 句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰gi

3、rl, 叫做叫做定语从句定语从句 二二. 定语从句定语从句 1. The man is a farmer. 2. The man is speaking at the meeting. 合并句子合并句子: : The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer. Mary is a girl. Mary has long hair. 合并为一个句子合并为一个句子 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 先行词先行词 引导词引导词 定语从句定语从句 Mary is a girl who has long hair. t

4、hat, which, who, whom 2. 结构：结构： 先行词先行词 + 引导词引导词 + 句子句子 3.先行词先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词先行词。通常位于定。通常位于定 语从句之语从句之前前。 4.引导词引导词：引导定语从句的词。：引导定语从句的词。 作用作用 A、引导定语从句；、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；、代替先行词； C、在定语从句中担当一个成分、在定语从句中担当一个成分 引导词通常有下列三个作用：引导词通常有下列三个作用： A、_； B、_； C、_。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a

5、 policeman. 定语从句定语从句 先行词先行词引导词引导词 “who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替是引导定语从句的关系词，代替 先行词先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。，在定语从句中作主语。 引导定语从句引导定语从句代替先行词代替先行词 在定语从句中担当一个成分在定语从句中担当一个成分 三、引导词引导的定语从句三、引导词引导的定语从句 1. who指人，在从句中做主语指人，在从句中做主语 1)The boys _are playing soccer are from Class 1. 2)Yesterday I helped an old man _lost his way.

6、2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，在口语和指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，在口语和 非正式语体中常用非正式语体中常用who代替，常可省略。代替，常可省略。 1) Mr. Liu is the person _you talked about. 2) The man _you met just now is my friend. (whom/who) who/whom who who 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语， 做宾语时可省略做宾语时可省略 1)Football is a game which is liked by most boy

7、s. 2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于指人时，相当于who或者或者whom； 指物时，相当于指物时，相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 1) The people _come to visit the city are all here. (做主语做主语) 2) Where is the man _I saw this morning? (做宾语做宾语) 做主语做主语 做宾语做宾语 that/who that/whom/who 小

8、结：小结： that:既可指人既可指人,也可指物也可指物. 作主语作主语, 不能省略；不能省略； 作宾语作宾语, 可以省略。可以省略。 which:指物指物,作主语作主语,不能省略不能省略;作宾语作宾语,可以省略可以省略. who 指人，作主语，不能省略；指人，作主语，不能省略； 作宾语，可以省略作宾语，可以省略,（常用（常用whom） 注注: 当引导词在定语从句中作主语时当引导词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句定语从句 的谓语动词形式由先行词定的谓语动词形式由先行词定. 1)Im reading a book that/which _about Bill Gates. 2) He is a t

9、eacher who/ that_ us Chinese. 3)The boys who _playing soccer are from Class 1. is teaches are 四四. 修饰物体时关系代词修饰物体时关系代词that和和 which的区分的区分 (一一)不用不用that的情况的情况 1. 在引导在引导非限定性非限定性定语从句时。定语从句时。 1)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. (_) 2)The tree, which is four hundred years old, is

10、 very famous here. (_) 2. 介词后介词后不能用不能用。 1) We depend on the land from _we get our food. 2) We depend on the land _we get our food from. 错错 对对 which that/which (二二) 只能用只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况作为定语从句的关系代词的情况 1.当先行词是当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 外外), all, none, few, little, some 等不定等不定 代词时

11、，或当先行词受代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。等代词修饰时。如：如： 1)Have you taken down everything _ Mr. Li said? 李老师讲的你都记下来吗？李老师讲的你都记下来吗？ 2) All _ can be done has been done. 所有能做的都做好了。所有能做的都做好了。 3) There is little _I can do for you. 我不能为你干什么。我不能为你干什么。 that that that 注意：注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可

12、用关系代当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代who， 如：如： 1) Any man _ has a sense of duty wont do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 2)All the guests_ were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。 that / who that / who 2当先行词被序数词修饰时。当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：如： The first place _

13、they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 3当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：。如： This is the best film_ I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。这是我看过的最好的电影。 that that 4当先行词被当先行词被the very, the only , the last修饰时修饰时。 1)This is the very dictionary _ I want to buy. 这正是我要买的词典。这正是我要买

14、的词典。 2)After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing _ he owns. 家里发生了火灾过后，那辆家里发生了火灾过后，那辆 旧车成了他的唯一拥有。旧车成了他的唯一拥有。 注意：注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。 Wang Hua is the only person in our school _ will attend the meeting. 王华是我校唯一出席会议王华是我校唯一出席会议 的人。的人。 that that who 5当先行词前面有当先行词前面有wh

15、o, which等疑问代词时。等疑问代词时。如：如： 1)Who is the man_ is standing by the gate? 站在门口的那个人是谁？站在门口的那个人是谁？ 2)Which is the T-shirt _ fits me most? 哪件哪件T恤衫最合我的身？恤衫最合我的身？ 6当先行词为人与物时。当先行词为人与物时。如：如： 1)They talked about the persons and things _ they remembered at school 他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。 2)Look a

16、t the man and his donkey _ are walking up the street. 瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的 毛驴。毛驴。 that that that that 1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music. who/that 2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.which/that 4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old

17、. 5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother. which/that whom 6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him. which/that 7. Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town. 8.All _ we can do is to study hard. 9. The first one _ stands up is a little boy. that that that 1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生这就是救了那个孩

18、子命的医生. This is the doctor who saved the boys life. 2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔. The man who is running is my uncle. 3. 我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐. I like the music that I can sing along with. 4. 住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师. The woman who lives next door is a teacher. Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空用关系代词填空 1. Th

19、e boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. 2. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister. 3. I hate people _ talk much but do little. 4. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful. who / that which/ that who / that which / that 5. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years. 6.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now. wh