高三英语虚拟语气冀教版 知识精讲

1、高三英语虚拟语气冀教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：虚拟语气教学过程一. S. wishthat-clause S. V. would/coulddodidhad done（couldhave done）I wish that you would stay here a little longer. （将来时间的虚拟）I wish that I had a car. （现在时间）I wish that I had known that before. （过去的时间）练习1. I wish I _ you yesterday. （1988）（C）A. seen B. did see C. ha

2、d seen D. were to see2. I wish the train _ so late; then I could have got home before breakfast. （A）A. hadnt arrivedB. didnt arriveC. wouldnt arriveD. mustnt arrive3. I wish I _ to repair the bike, for I only made it worse. （B）A. had tried B. hadnt tried C. tried D. didnt try二. If only从句I wish从句，谓语动

3、词常用were型或had been型虚拟形式，If only she didnt drive so fast. If only the photo werent missing. If only I had arrived in time!用在if only引起的感叹句中（意思为要是什么就好了）：If only we had listened to their advice!练习If only he _ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. （2000）（C）A. lies B. layC. had

4、 lain D. should lie三. if条件句中的虚拟语气A 1. 表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：条件从句主句did（be动词一般用were）would（should, could, might ）do（1）If I were you, I shouldnt do that. （2）We would go with you if we had time. 2. 表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下条件从句主句haddonewould（might / could /should ）have done（1）If he had seen you yesterday, he

5、 would have asked you about it. （2）If you had come earlier, you would（might）have met him. 3. 表示与将来事实可能相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：条件从句主句didshould dowere to doWould（could/might/should）do（1）If it should rain, the crops would be saved. （2）If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out. （3）If it rained tomorrow,

6、 we would not go out. B 省略if的条件从句 如果条件从句部分含有系动词were或助动词should或had，有时可将if省略，把were，should或had移到主语之前If I were you, I would get up early in the morningWere I you, I would get up early in the morning. If he had been there, he would have helped you. Had he been there, he would have helped you. If I should

7、 see him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him. Should I see him tomorrow, I would passIf I were to see him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him. Were I to see him tomorrow, I would pass C 混合条件句，有时主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式必须因时间不同而不同。如果他在那次事故中死去，他现在就不会站在你面前了。If he had died in the accide

8、nt, he couldnt stand in front of you now. 如果她以前训练没有这么刻苦的话，她现在不可能跑这么快。If she hadnt trained so hard, she wouldnt be able to run so fast. 练习1. If she had worked harder, she _. （1986）（D）A. would succeedB. had succeededC. should succeedD. would have succeeded2. If my lawyer _ here last Saturday, he _me f

9、rom going. （A）A. had been; would have preventedB. had been; would preventC. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented3. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother. （1994）（D）A. has come B. did comeC. came D. had come4. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to p

10、ut off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. （1994）（B）A. Were B. ShouldC. Would D. Will5. _ I be free tomorrow, I could go with you. （B）A. Could B. ShouldC. Might D. Must6. _ your letter, I would have written back two days ago. （C）A. If I receivedB. Should I receivedC. Had I receivedD. If I could have rec

11、eived7. Should it rain, the crops _. （ A ）A. would be savedB. would have been savedC. will be savedD. had been saved8. What should we do if it _ tomorrow?（ A ）A. should snowB. would snowC. snowD. will snow9. Mr Brown _ a house if he had enough money. （ B ）A. will buy B. would buyC. bought D. has bou

12、ght10. _ I known he needed money so badly, I might have managed to help him. （ D ）A. Unless B. WhenC. If D. Had四. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。1. 宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即（1）insist（2）order, command（3）advise, suggest, propose（4）demand, require, request, desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气的用法。即从句中的动词使用should动词原形，或者将sho

13、uld省略。We propose that the house should be repaired（repair）. The general commanded that the target should be fired（fire）at. They requested that we should sit（sit）down and have a cup of tea. I suggest that we（should）hold a meeting tonight. They insisted that we（should）begin the work at once. 注意：insist

14、作“坚决认为（该怎么做）”时，用此句型；如作“坚决认为（是怎么回事）”时，则不要求如此：e. g. （1）He insisted that he（should）go instead of me. （2）He insisted that you were wrong. （D）Mr Smith ordered that the work _ at once. A. do B. didC. was done D. be done（B）The guard at the gate insisted that everybody_the rules. A. obeyedB. obey C. will ob

15、ey D. would2. 这类词只要是表示愿望、建议、命令等，不管是以什么样的形式出现，后面从句中的形式都要用“should动词原形”：（1）it is desired/suggested/requested/ordered/proposedthat等结构后的主语从句：It is requested that Mr Smith should give a performance at the Party. It has been decided that the meeting（should）be postponed（put off）till next Saturday. （2）sugges

16、tion, proposal, order, plan, idea等后面的表语从句和同位语从句：My suggestion is that we（should）send a few comrades to help them. My idea is that we（should）do the work ourselves. What do you think of Xiao Yangs proposal that we（should）put on a play at the English evening?The Emperor had ordered the cloth to be wove

17、n for so much money. The order the Emperor had given was that the cloth be woven for so much money. 练习1. The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free. （B）A. did; setB. had done; should be setC. do; be setD. had done; must be set2. Mother suggested that I _ my homework first before watch

18、ing TV. （B）A. did B. doC. shall do D. have done3. My suggestion was that the meeting _ off still next week. （B）A. to put B. be putC. should put D. be putting4. The commander ordered that the wounded _ to hospital right away. （B）A. to be sent B. be sent C. send D. should send5. The order came that th

19、e medical supplies _ to the village soon. （C）A. would be sent B. should sendC. be sent D. must be sent6. They requested that he _ on the radio. （C）A. spoke B. speaks C. speak D. would speak7. The teacher demanded that the exam _ before eleven. （C）A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D.

20、 must be finished五. 在句型 It is necessary/important/strange/ that It is a pity/a shame/no wonder/ that. . . 等结构后的主语从句：这时should动词原形的意思常常是“竟会”。1. It is necessary that he（should）be sent there at once. 2. It is important that we（should）unite with all that can be united in the struggle. 3. It is strange th

21、at she should have failed to see her own shortcomings. 4. It is quite natural that such fears should arise. 5. It is a great pity that he should be so conceited 练习1. It is important that we _ wild animals. （ B ）A. will protectB. should protectC. shall protectD. are protecting2. It is necessary that

22、the problem _ at once. （ C ）A. solves B. should solve C. should be solved D. will be solved六. 一些习惯句型中：It is（high）time后的定语从句中通常也需要用虚拟语气：1. It is time that we went /should go to bed. 2. It is time we went home. 练习（1）“What will you do during the summer holiday?”“I dont know, but its high time _ somethi

23、ng. ”A. Im deciding B. Ill decideC. I decided D. I decide七. 从句以as if / as though 引导，主句的谓语动词为连系动词：从句用were型虚拟形式：表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，如：You look as if you had a toothache. She looked as though she were fainting. 从句用had been 型虚拟形式: 表示从句的动作先于主句的动作发生，如: He spoke as though he had known it. 以as if / as though

24、引导的从句如果不是表示虚拟，而是表示可能的事实，则从句中的谓语动词要用陈述语气. 练习1. John talked as if he _ all the work himself but in fact Harry and Lily did most of it. （ B ）A. did B. had done C. has done D. do2. He smiled as if he _ my thought. （ C ）A. read B. was reading C. had read D. has read3. He looked as if he _ for years. （ D

25、）A. hasnt washedB. doesnt washC. wouldnt washD. hadnt washed【模拟试题】1. He suggested that the meeting_ put off. A. not be B. should not C. wouldnt D. be not2. What would have happened if you_ her child? A. hadnt helped B. couldnt help C. wouldnt help D. didnt help3. It is strange that he _ so. A. think

26、s B. think C. thought D. will think4. If I _ with her last summer, I _ with her now. A. workedam getting on very well B. had workedwould get on very well C. had worked would have got on very well D. had workedwill get on very well5. I wish I _ my uncle yesterday. A. met B. have met C. would meet D.

27、had met6. The old professor gave orders that the experiment _ before 6. A. was finished B. will finish C. be finished D. shall be finished7. Its high time he _ home. A. goes B. went C. will go D. is going to go8. _ you succeed and _ you be healthy. A. Maymay B. Wishwish C. Hopehope D. Shouldmay9. Ga

28、lileo insisted that the earth_ round the sun. A. should move B. move C. moves D. A or B10. I was very busy yesterday, otherwise I _ to the meeting. A. came B. would come C. had come D. would have come11. Supposing the weather _ bad, where would they go? A. will be B. is C. were D. be12. _ your lette

29、r, I would have started off two days ago. A. If I received B. Should I receive C. If I could have received D. Had I received13. If only I _ to my parents advice! A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened14. If it _ rain next week, the farmers could still have a good harvest. A. should B

30、. could C. would D. might15. -Why didnt you come to the party yesterday? -I_, but an unexpected visitor came to see me. A. did B. would C. had D. was going to 16. Id rather you_ me the news. A. not tell B. not to tell C. didnt tell D. hadnt told17. I_ to stay there for one more week, but I changed m

31、y mind. A. would have hoped B. was hoping C. had hoped D. hoped18. His silence at the meeting suggested that he _ to your plan. A. shouldnt agree B. wouldnt agree C. hadnt agreed D. didnt agree19. He_ the job well, but he _ so careless. A. hadnt done, had been B. could have done, was C. could do, was D. had done, had been20. Li Ling acted that way as though he _ a foreigner. A. were B. had been C. should be D. is21. But for your advice, I _ into trouble. A. would get B. got C. might have got D. should get22. _ for the traffic jam, I should have covered