英语国家概况课后习题答案完整版

1、一、选择题（答案在下面）I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements. 1. The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. Edinbur

2、ghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3. According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over million.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 164. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland5. Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.A.

3、northeasternB. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwestern6. English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman7. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and German

4、C. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek8. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish9. Samuel Johnsons dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciation10. At present, nearly of

5、the worlds population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifth11. The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic12. By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon

6、ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity13. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great14. The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman

7、 ConquestD. Adoption of common law15. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of Tudor D. the House of Lancaster16. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIIIs effort to .A. divorce his wifeB. break with Rome

8、C. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church17. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians18. was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. A

9、ct of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta19. The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th20. Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21.

10、The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches with the exception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive22. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .A. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC

11、. political partiesD. public attitude23. As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House of Commons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect24. British Cabinet works on the principle of .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. def

12、ending the individuals25. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet26. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six27. has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. Wal

13、esB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland28. Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party29. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterpr

14、isesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism30. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic development31. The British economy achieved global domina

15、nce by the .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s32. In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 194833. The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment

16、 problem34. Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatchers social welfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions35. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except

17、.A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality36. Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84% 37. Britains important fishing areas include all the following except .A. the North SeaB. the English Channe

18、lC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland38. Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in the country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/339. The car industry in Britain in mostly .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned40. Of the f

19、ollowing sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growth since the end of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD. manufacturing industry41. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools

20、 in the .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s42. About of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%43. Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remaining funds from all the following sources e

21、xcept .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contributions44. Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britains universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references45. To be admitted to the Open University, one need .A. some education

22、al qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General National Vocational Qualifications46. Among Britains quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big Three” with the exception of .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The

23、 Daily Telegraph47. Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera48. is Britains top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB49. Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the

24、British holidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each others companyD. families traveling overseas50. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queens Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomi

25、me51. The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. pamphlet52. is viewed as Romantic poetrys “Declaration of Independence.”A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”B. Don JuanC. “Preface to Lyrical Ballads”D. Prometheus Unbound53. Of Dickens novels, is consider

26、ed autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations54. is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas Hardy55. Of the following statements, is NOT correct

27、 in terms of Neo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers believed in “Art for Arts Sake”.D. Treasure Island was a representative work.56. is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar WildB. Virginia WoolfC.

28、 William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot57. Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the DUrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Return of the Native58. Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Grou

29、p”.B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.59. Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel BeckettB. James JoyceC. William GoldingD. V. S. Naipaul60. Waiting for Godot is written by .A. Samuel BeckettB

30、. George OrwellC. William GoldingD. D. H. Lawrence61. The United States has states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 3562. The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida63. The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, th

31、e Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its .A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west64. The largest river in the U. S. is .A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River65. Some of the world famous universities like

32、 Harvard, Yale and MIT are located .A. in the SouthB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest66. is located on the U. S. Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake67. The native Alaskan po

33、pulation includes the following except the .A. IndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD. Blacks68. The largest minority in the United States is the .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC. Native AmericansD. Asians69. The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States, particularly from

34、 .A. Europe B. Asia C. Africa D. South America 70. The characteristic of dominant American culture is .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and up

35、per-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class71. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at in .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia72. Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to av

36、oid persecution in England.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD. Christians73. The Seven Years War occurred between the .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians74. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of .A.

37、the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies75. The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston76. In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the f

38、unctions of a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation77. Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Ri

39、ghts78. The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement79. President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy80. The Vietnam War was a lo

40、ng-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout the terms of Presidents .A. Johnson, Nixon and Ford B. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon D. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson81. The U. S. Constitution came into effect in .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179382. The Consti

41、tution of the United States .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court83. The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the President

42、B. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution84. The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into peoples house by po

43、liceC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own ones weapon if one wishes85. All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President86. The following except are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills pa

44、ssed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders87. According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above88. The ter

45、ms for a Senator and Representative are and years respectively.A. two, four B. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two89. The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine90. The President is directly voted into office by .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC.

46、electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representatives91. America produces a major portion of the worlds products in the following fields except .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals92. The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually, to .A. colonial economy, handc

47、raft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93. Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB.

48、 economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority94. The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton95. The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution

49、” except .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refrigerator96. President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing various programs like the following except .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education Initiatives D. Unemployment Pension97. About of American crops are for export.A.

50、halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth98. The following statements are all true except .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family

51、 corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.99. is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors100. At present, U. S. exports account for of the worlds total.A. 10%B. 1

52、5%C. 20%D. 25%101. Formal education in the United States consists of , secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private102. Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education103. Higher