主谓一致PPT完整版

1、 语法一致的原则是指主语为语法一致的原则是指主语为 单数或复数时，其谓语动词单数或复数时，其谓语动词 要与其相呼应。但我们要注要与其相呼应。但我们要注 意一些特殊情况；意一些特殊情况； 1 1）以以along with, together with, with, along with, together with, with, as well as, rather than, but, except , as well as, rather than, but, except , like, including like, including 连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主。连

2、接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主。 is Air, as well as water, _ matter. is 2) 用用and 连接的并列主语如果指的是同一人、连接的并列主语如果指的是同一人、 同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词后面的名词前没有冠词。 A hammer and a saw _ useful tools.are The poet and writer_ coming. is 3)成对的名词，如成对的名词，如bread and butter涂黄油的涂黄油的 面包，面包，soda and wate

3、r汽水，汽水，coffee and milk 加牛奶的咖啡，加牛奶的咖啡，aim and end目的，目的，salt and water 盐开水等，虽然有盐开水等，虽然有and连接，但仍表单一概念，作主连接，但仍表单一概念，作主 语时，谓语用单数。语时，谓语用单数。 is is 4)如果主语是由如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词，但连接的两个单数名词，但 前面有前面有each, every, many a, no等词修饰时，谓语用等词修饰时，谓语用 单数。单数。 Every boy and every girl in this village taught to read and write

4、. is 5)表示表示度量、价格、时间度量、价格、时间的复数名词词组作主的复数名词词组作主 语时一被看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。语时一被看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。 Ten miles _ a good distance. is 6) Ving, To do 或从句或从句作主语，作主语， 其谓语用其谓语用单数单数形式。形式。 Serving the people _ my greatest happiness. To master a foreign language _ very important. When well go out for an outing _ been decid

5、ed is is hasnt What we want _ another 20 people. are 7)主语是主语是“each of ”，时，其谓语用单数。时，其谓语用单数。 复数名词复数名词+ each作主语作主语, 谓语动词用复数谓语动词用复数. They each _ an English dictionary. Each of us _ something to say. have has 8)主语是主语是none, neither, no等既可表示复数意等既可表示复数意 义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。但在代表义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。但在代表 不可数概念时不

6、可数概念时,谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数. None of us_ perfect. None of us _ good swimmers. None of us _ a good swimmer. None of this _ me. (worry) are/is are is worries 9)不定代词不定代词all, more, most, any, 等以及名词等以及名词 half, part, the rest等既可表示复数意义又可表示等既可表示复数意义又可表示 单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。 Most of the apples _ rotten. Mos

7、t of the apple _ eaten. werewas 1o)“a number of + 名词复数名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数；作主语，谓语用复数； “ the number of + 名词复数名词复数”作主语，谓语用单数。作主语，谓语用单数。 The number of deer, lions and wild roses _ not change much if people leave things as they are. does like 12)“的几分之几的几分之几”和和“的百分之几的百分之几” 作主语时，其谓语用单数或复数取决于作主语时，其谓语用单数或复数取决于 of

8、 后的名词。后的名词。 is are 13)主语是表示数量的主语是表示数量的“one and a half +复数名词复数名词”，其谓语用单数形式，其谓语用单数形式 主语是主语是“one or two + 复数名词复数名词”， 其谓语用复数形式。其谓语用复数形式。 is are 14) 由由 many a 或或 more than one + 单数单数名词作名词作 主语时，其谓语用单数形式。主语时，其谓语用单数形式。 has has am plays 15) 在定语从句中主语是关系代词在定语从句中主语是关系代词who, that, which, 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。谓语动词的数应与

9、先行词的数一致。 16) “one of + 复数名词复数名词 + 定语从句定语从句”之前有之前有the only, the very, the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。 17)主语是主语是a / this / that kind of +名词名词，谓语与，谓语与 kind保持一致保持一致. 名词名词+ a / this / that kind , 谓语与名词保持谓语与名词保持 一致。一致。 feels are are is 18) 算式中表示数目的主语通常看作单数，算式中表示数目的主语通常看作单数， 其谓语常用单数形式

10、，也可用复数。其谓语常用单数形式，也可用复数。 Multiple choice: 1. On the wall_ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging 2. “News of victories _ pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept 3. There _ a lot of milk in the bottle. A. are B. is C. were

11、 D. has 4. Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all. A. is B. are C. being D. was 5. Nobody but Jane and Mary _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known Multiple choice: 6. All but one _ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were 7. A library with five thousand books

12、_ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 8. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one exam after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 9. The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B.

13、 was; was C. was; were D. were; were 10. When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided 指谓语动词的单复数取决于指谓语动词的单复数取决于 主语所表达的概念，主语所表达的概念， 而不取决于表面的语法标志而不取决于表面的语法标志. 类似这样的集体名词有：类似这样的集体名词有： family, class, audience, committee （委员会）（委员

14、会）, crowd, crew, group, party, population, team, public, council （理事会）（理事会）, village等。等。 are is 1)某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数。如果这些集某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数。如果这些集 体名词指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；指具体名词指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；指具 体成员时用复数。体成员时用复数。 2)主语是一些只有复数形式的名词，如主语是一些只有复数形式的名词，如clothes, trousers, glasses, compasses, scissors, shoes, socks, gl

15、oves等时，谓语用复数。等时，谓语用复数。 但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有a pair of修饰时，谓语用单数。修饰时，谓语用单数。 My trousers _ new; are is 注：注：学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时，谓语常用复数。学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时，谓语常用复数。 is seems is are 3)主语是以主语是以-ics 结尾的学科名词结尾的学科名词mathematics, politics, physics以及以及news, works (工厂工厂)和用作书名和用作书名The Arabian Nights、报纸名报纸名The new Yo

16、rk Times 国名国名The United States等都属复数等都属复数形式形式，而意义单数的名词，而意义单数的名词， 其谓语用单数形式。另外其谓语用单数形式。另外means一词单复数同形应视一词单复数同形应视 具体情况而定。具体情况而定。 3) the +形容词或分词作主语时，如指一类人。其谓语用形容词或分词作主语时，如指一类人。其谓语用 复数，如指抽象概念，其谓语用单数复数，如指抽象概念，其谓语用单数. are is 3.就近一致就近一致 谓语与靠近的那个主语谓语与靠近的那个主语 保持一致保持一致. 1) 由由here, there, where 引导的倒装句中引导的倒装句中. 1

17、)Here_ the bus. 2)There _ a pen and two books on the table. 3)Where _ your wife and children ? comes is is 2) 由由or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also等连接的并列主语等连接的并列主语. 1)Neither the students nor the teacher _ anything about it. 2)He or you _ taken my pen. knows have A library with five thousand books_ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 2. On the wall_ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging 3.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after an